Symbols for danger warning

Ex.1. Read the text and translate into Ukrainian. / Прочитайте та перекладіть текст на українську мову:

A traffic warning sign is a type of traffic sign that indicates a hazard ahead on the road.

The warning sings are put along the highways at the distance of 150-300 metres.

In cities and towns at the distance of 50-100 metres from the dangerous section of road. As exception, the warning sign “Intersection with main road” is put at the very crossing of streets or roads.

The warning signs “Railroad crossing with gates”, “Railway crossing without gates”, “Swing bridge”, “Road leads on to quay or river bank”, “Children”, and “Road works” on the roads (outside cities and towns) are doubled. The second doubling sign is put at the distance of 50 metres off the dangerous section of the road.

In most countries, they usually take the shape of an equilateral triangle with a white background and a thick red border. However, there are colour of the background and the colour and thickness of the border varies from country to country.

In the People's Republic of China, warning signs appear with a black border and a yellow background. In Sweden, Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Greece, Finland, Iceland, the Republic of Macedonia and Poland, they have a red border with an amber background. This is due to the weather, as it is easier to see a red/amber sign in the snowy weather than a red/white sign. The polar bear warning sign in Svalbard recently changed from displaying a black bear on white background to a white bear on black background (both signs are triangular with a red border). Some countries that normally use a white background have adopted an orange or amber background for road work or construction signs.

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Warning signs in some countries have a diamond shape in place of the standard triangular shape. In the United States, Canada, Mexico, Thailand, Australia, Japan, Philippines, and Malaysia warning signs are black on a yellow background and usually diamond-shaped, while temporary signs (which are typically construction signs) are black on an orange background. Ireland also adopted these standards, diverging from the standards of the rest of Europe. Some other countries also use these standards for some signage.

Vocabulary

• exception – виняток

• equilateral triangle – рівносторонній трикутник

• background – фон

• thickness of the border – товщина лінії

• an amber background – жовтий фон

• diamond shape – ромб

• temporary signs – тимчасові знаки

• to adopt – приймати.

Ex. 2. Ask as more questions as possible to the text. / Задайте до тексту якомога більше питань.

Ex.3. Fill in the correct word from the list. / Поставте правильне слово зі списку:

trip	route	voyage	tour
flight	journey	travel

1. It’s a good idea to take breaks during a _______ especially if you’re driving a long way.

2. My daughter is going on a school _______ next week.

3. The _______ from London to New York takes about eight hours.

4. I felt seasick during the ______.

5. Do you prefer to ______ by car or train?

6. My parents have just come back from a _______ of Scotland.

7. I had to take a different _______ to work this morning, due to roadworks.

Ex.4. Using new vocabulary retell the text. / Використовуючи нову лексику перекажіть текст.

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Самостійна робота 2

Ex. 1. Match the following English words with their Ukrainian equivalents. / Співставте наступні англійські слова з їхніми українськими еквівалентами:

Symbols for Danger Warning

1. "Railroad crossing with gates" a) перехрещення з трамвайною

колією

2. "Railway crossing without gates" b) перехрещення з другорядною

дорогою

3. "Intersection with tramway" c) залізничний переїзд без

шлагбаума

4. "Crossing" d) крутий спуск

5. "Intersection with secondary road" e) слизька дорога

6. "Intersection with main road" f) ремонтні роботи

7. "Light signals" g) регулююче перехрещення

(ділянка дороги)

8. "Swing bridge" h) двосторонній рух

9. "Road leads on to quay or river bank" i) діти

10. "Dangerous bend" (a – to the right, j) розвідний міст

в – to the left)

11. "Steep descent" k) перехрещення рівнозначних

доріг

12. "Steep ascent" l) залізничний переїзд із

шлагбаумом

13. "Uneven road" m) звуження дороги (а – з обох

сторін, b – з пра­вого боку,

с – з лівого)

14. "Slippery road" n) викидання кам’яних матеріалів

15. "Loose gravel" o) пішохідний перехід

16. "Carriageway nar­rows" (a – both sides; p) нерівна дорога

b– right side; с – left side)

17. "Two-way traffic" q) небезпечний поворот доро­ги (а –

праворуч, в – ліворуч)

18. "Pedestrian crossing" r) виїзд на набережну або берег

19. "Children" s) перехрещення із головною

дорогою

20. "Road works" t) крутий підйом

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