6. Подберите эквиваленты к словосочетаниям, обозначенным цифрами.

	computer science		определенная сфера деятельности
	complex relationships		повестка дня
	set of behaviours		виды поведения
	specified field		информатика
	work agenda		сложные взаимоотношения

7. Найдите в тексте:

1. и переведите предложение с парным союзом both… and …

2. и переведите предложение с взаимным местоимением one another

3. основу первого и второго предложений текста

4. числительное, определите его категорию (количественное, порядковое)

5. прилагательное в сравнительной степени (последний абзац текста)

8. Заполните пропуски, используя предложенные слова:

performance, to achieve, contribute to, skill, in pursuit of

1. _______ organisational goals people should perform well and develop themselves.

2. A _____ means that a manager is able to carry out all the functions related to his scope of authority.

3. Actions of a skilled manager lead to a desired _______ level.

4. _______ organisational goals it is necessary to understand how managers operate.

5. Several important elements ________ successful work of managers.

9. Пользуясь содержанием текста, ответьте на вопросы.

1. Насколько важно для менеджера обладать базовыми знаниями отрасли, в которой он занят?

2. Что подразумевается под техническими, концептуальными навыками и навыками общения с людьми?

10. Соотнесите фрагменты предложения так, чтобы смысл высказывания не был нарушен.

	Manager’s performance is made up of		to choose appropriate goals and achieve them.
	Effectiveness is the ability		two important dimensions: effectiveness (эффективность) and efficiency (продуктивность)
	Efficiency is the ability		for selecting the right goal and the appropriate means for achieving that goal.
	Effectiveness means that a manager has the responsibility		how resources (money, time, equipment, personnel) are used to get the desired results.
	Efficiency is concerned with		To make the best use of available resources in the process of achieving goals

UNIT 5

1. Подберите русские эквиваленты следующим словам, содержащим интернациональные корни.

qualification, position, motive, leader, style, function, control, personnel, aspect, stress

2. Прочитайте текст. Пользуясь словарем, определите значение незнакомых слов и выпишите их в тетрадь.

THE MANAGERIAL JOB

There are many aspects to the job of a manager and there is no complete agreement as to what exactly constitutes the job of a manager. Some focus on the entrepreneurial aspect of managing and their main concern is innovation, risk taking and similar activities. Others emphasize decision making, especially the kind of decisions that cannot be easily programmed.

An additional view of the managerial job draws attention to leadership with emphasis on particular traits and managerial styles. Closely related to this approach is the discussion about power and influence, that is, the leader’s control of the environment and subordinates.

Others focus their attention on the behavior of leaders by examining the content of the manager’s job. Despite different approaches, the key tasks of managers can be organized into the five functions of planning, organizing, staffing, leading and controlling which constitutes the framework of managerial activities. Managers are different; they have different needs, desires, and motives. Managing offers rewards but also involves stress. An individual aspiring to a managerial position should evaluate both the advantages and the disadvantages of managing before pursuing this career.

How many managers do we need?

The number of managers needed in an enterprise depends not only upon its size but also upon the complexity of the organisation structure, the plans for expansion and the rate of turnover of managerial personnel. The ratio between the number of managers and employees does not follow any law. It is possible, by enlarging or contracting the delegation of authority, to modify a structure so that the number of managers will increase or decrease regardless of the size of an operation.

Analysis also reveals the relative importance of age for retirement, vacancies created by ill health, and the steady demand of other enterprises for able young subordinates whom the firm has trained but is unable to hold. On the basis of this analysis, external and internal sources are used in the process of recruitment, selection, placement and promotion. The annual rate of appointments to managerial positions can be determined by a review of past experience and future expectations. The qualifications for individual positions must be defined so that the best-suited managers can be chosen. Other essential aspects of staffing managerial positions are appraisal, career strategy, training, and development of managers.