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Муртазина, Фахрутдинова - Logistic (1).docx
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        1. Observe the words and phrases from the text “Containerization”:

bulk

крупная партия груза, перевозимая навалом, сложенная на борт транспортного средства масса продукции без какой-л. упаковки

bulk bin

бункер для перевозки грузов навалом или насыпью

conventional cargo

конвенциональный груз

corrugated box

ящик из гофрированной фибры

crate

клеть, деревянный ящик, решетчатая тара, упаковочная корзина

drum

ящик для упаковки сушеных фруктов или бочка

insulated shipping containers

защищенный контейнер для морских перевозок

packing list

опись комплекта поставки

pallet

поддон

road-trailer

дорожный прицеп

skid box

ящик на полозьях

special railway wagon

вагон специального назначения

storage unit

отделение хранилища

tanktainer

контейнер для перевозки безвредных и опасных жидкостей

tote box

ящик, используемый для внутрискладского перемещения продуктов

transit and flight case

ящик для перевозки и транзита

unit load device

устройство комплектования грузов

wage bill

ведомость заработной платы

        1. Read and translate the text: Containerization

Many big ports today are containerized, for example, in Britain Tilbury (London) and Southampton can handle containers. The handling of containers has many advantages over conventional cargo.

It takes fewer men to handle containers than to load and unload conventional cargoes because it’s quicker. A hundred men take about three weeks to unload and load a conventional ship, so it takes only fifteen men about four days to unload and load a container ship. Also there is special loading equipment. There are special container carriers in all kinds of transport: road-trailers, special railway wagons, and container ships. There are also containers specially designed to fit in airplanes. At his place of business the exporter packs the goods into a container which is not opened until it arrives at its destination. On the other hand fewer goods are stolen and fewer goods are damaged when they are sent in containers.

A shipping container is a container with strength suitable to withstand shipment, storage, and handling. Shipping containers range from large reusable steel boxes used for intermodal shipments to the ubiquitous corrugated boxes.

Corrugated box: Corrugated boxes are commonly used as shipping containers. They are made of corrugated fiberboard which is light weight, recyclable, and strong enough to ship a variety of products.

Crate: It is a large container, often made of wood, used to transport large, heavy or awkward items. A crate has a self-supporting structure, with or without sheathing.

Drum: Drums are cylindrical shipping containers made of steel, plastic or fiber. They are often used for liquids and granular materials.

Flexible Intermediate Bulk Container (FIBC): It is a big bag, bulk bag, or super sack is a standardized container in large dimensions for storing and transporting and storing granular products. It is often made of a woven synthetic material.

Insulated shipping containers: They are a type of packaging used to ship temperature sensitive products such as foods, pharmaceuticals, and chemicals. They are used as part of a cold chain to help maintain product freshness and efficacy.

Intermediate bulk shipping container, a typical IBC: It is a container used for transport and storage of fluids and bulk materials. The construction may be plastic, composite, steel, stainless steel, etc. Some are foldable (collapsable).

Intermodal freight containers: A spine car with a 20 ft tanktainer and an open-top 20 ft container with canvas cover. Freight containers are a reusable transport and storage unit for moving products and raw materials between locations or countries. There are approximately seventeen million intermodal containers in the world and a large proportion of the world's long distance freight generated by international trade is transported inside shipping containers.

Specialized shipping containers: These are the custom containers used for shipments of products such as weapons and aviation components. Often, these shipping containers are reusable.

Transit and Flight Case: Flight cases and transit cases are usually custom designed for shipping and carrying fragile equipment: audio visual, camera, instruments, etc. Although generally light in construction, they tend to have reinforced edges and corners.

Unit Load Device: ULD is a container used to cargo on commercial aircraft. It allows a large quantity of cargo to be bundled into a single unit. Each ULD has its own packing list, manifest, or tracking identification to improve control and tracking of contents.