Тне gerund & тне verbal noun

Exercise 71 Define the ing-form and state its syntactic function in the sentence. Translate the proverbs into Russian:

1. Seeing is not believing – believing is seeing. 2. The shortest answer is performing the request. 3. Recognizing opportunities is the difference between success and failure. 4. А clean hand wants no washing. 5. А good beginning makes а good ending. 6. An ounce of discretion is worth а pound of learning. 7. Appetite comes with eating. 8. Doing is better than saying. 9. By doing nothing we learn to do ill. 10. Fasting comes after feasting. 11. Fools grow without watering. 12. Gossiping and lying go hand in hand. 13. He who likes borrowing dislikes paying. 14. He who would catch fish must not mind getting wet. 15. It’s no use pumping а dry well. 16. No flying from fate. 17. Out of the frying-pan into the fire. 18. Nothing must be done hastily but killing of fleas. 19. The proof of the pudding is in the eating. 20. Don’t cook а hare before catching it. 21. Saying and doing are two things. 22. In every beginning think of the end. 23. There is no use crying over spilt milk. 24. What is worth doing at all is worth doing well. 25. There is no accounting for tastes. 26. It is good fishing in troubled waters.

Exercise 72 State which of the ing-forms in the following sentences are gerunds and which are verbal nouns; translate the sentences into Russian:

1. He lost his last job through falling ill at the wrong time. 2. He could see only а faint glimmering of light in the distance. 3. She kept repeating the bright sayings of her children to bored relations. 4. The banging of the doors in the house kept her awake. 5. We had no hope of being invited to the ball. 6. Charles suspected the boy of lying. 7. Your habit of discussing other people’s affairs may ruin friendships. 8. Once he gets elected there will be no holding him. 9. She has gold fastenings on her purse. 10. ‘The Taming of the Shrew” is the best of Shakespeare’s comedies. 11. She only succeeded in entirely blocking the way. 12. There was no point in arguing. 13. The whispering of the wind in the tree tops and the twittering of the birds were the only sounds he could hear. 14. I have to work for my living. 15. We should avoid injuring the feelings of other people. 16. She could feel the steady beating of her heart. 17. I like giving presents. 18. She was awakened by the slamming of the door. 19. Jane didn’t remember ever feeling unhappy or lonely. 20. The painting of the house lasted a week. 21. There are two ways of translating this construction.

Exercise 73 Use a verbal noun or a gerund:

1. Their ________ was absolutely unexpected. After ___________ to help him we felt bad. (refusal – refusing)

2. This patient needs a thorough _______________. The doctor insisted on _________ the patient himself. (examination – examining)

3. Everybody felt excited about Mr. Grey’s ________ in our city. We wondered about his ___________ so early. (arrival – arriving)

4. We appreciate your ________. We insist on __________ them. (help – helping)

5. Think before ______________ anything. I won’t be surprised if he doesn’t keep his ___________. (promise – promising)

6. We decided against his ___________. We decided against his ____________ our trip. (plan – planning)

7. We can’t approve of his ____________. Stop ___________ like a child. (behaviour –behaving)

8. It’s no use _____________ this incident now. He never got round to his _________. (report – reporting)

9. We can do without _____________. Thank you for ____________ me to your guest. (introduction – introducing)

10. His __________ came as a terrible blow to us. Will you ever forgive his ____________ you? (betrayal – betraying)

Exercise 74 Translate the following sentences into English using infinitives, gerunds or verbal nouns:

1. Я настаиваю на том, чтобы вы представили меня своим родителям. 2. Я думаю, нет необходимости представлять нашего следующего гостя. 3. Позвольте мне представить вам нашего следующего оратора. 4. Тебе понравился его доклад? – Да, мне нравится то, как он докладывает. 5. Сообщите нам время прибытия поезда. 6. К какому выводу вам удалось прийти? 7. Прежде чем прийти к этому выводу они изучили массу данных. 8. Мы не ожидали, что он откажется от нашего предложения. 9. Он уже не помнит, что отказался обсуждать этот вопрос. 10. Его отказ не удивляет меня. 11. Ты думаешь, он выполнит свое обещание? 12. Подумай, прежде чем что-либо обещать. 13. Какие у тебя планы на выходные дни? 14. Я предлагаю спланировать наши каникулы заранее. 15. Мне не понравилось его поведение на вчерашнем мероприятии. 16. Перестань вести себя так, как будто тебе это все равно.

Exercise 75 Write out 10 sentences with gerunds or gerundial complexes from the book you are reading. State their syntactic functions.

Exercise 76 State the syntactic functions of the gerunds and infinitives in the following sentences; translate the sentences into Russian:

1. To get somebody to stumble over him, and curse him steadily for an hour, is his highest aim and object; and, when he has succeeded in accomplishing this, his conceit becomes quite unbearable. 2. He came and sat down on things, just when they were wanted to be packed. 3. I wonder you take the trouble to get up at all. 4. It reminded us, for the first time since our being called, of his existence. 5. Montmorency had invited two other dogs to come and see him off, and they were whiling away the time by fighting on the doorstep. 6. I remember a holiday of mine being completely ruined one late autumn by our paying attention to the weather report of the local newspaper. 7. Meanwhile, the rain came down in a steady torrent, and the lower part of the town was under water, owing to the river having overflowed. 8. But who wants to be foretold the weather? It is bad enough when it comes, without our having the misery of knowing about it beforehand. 9. He evidently meant to see this thing out. 10. He used to get into awful rows for sitting up in bed and reading Greek, and as for French irregular verbs, there was simply no keeping him away from them. 11. He was full of weird and unnatural notions about being a credit to his parents and an honour to the school. 12. He would lie there and sob, because they wouldn’t let him do Latin exercises, and took his German grammar away from him. 13. And we other boys, who would have sacrificed ten terms of our school-life for the sake of being ill for a day, and had no desire whatever to give our parents any excuse for being stuck-up about us, couldn’t catch so much as a stiff neck. 14. Nothing we could think of seemed to make us ill until the holidays began. 15. What a dear old wall that is that runs along by the river there! I never pass it without feeling better for the sight of it. 16. Harris thought at first of pretending that that was what he had been aiming at; but the crowd looked dangerous, and he decided to treat it as an accident. 17. But all their heads were, by this time, in such a confused whirl that they were incapable of grasping anything, and so the man told them to stop where they were, and he would come to them. 18. Somebody, in walking about with a plate of beefsteak pie, tripped up over a root, and sent the pie flying. 19. Speaking of comic songs and parties, reminds me of a rather curious incident I once assisted. 20. I shall never forget the picture of those two men walking up and down the bank with a tow-line looking for their boat.

From Three Men in a Boat by J.K. Jerome

Exercise 77 Translate the following sentences into English:

1. Я не довольна тем, что вы снова сидели допоздна. 2. Для меня большое удовольствие видеть вас целым и невредимым. 3. Он хотел избавиться от этого нудного человека как можно скорее. 4. У него не было желания продолжать разговор. 5. Он уже давно планировал их каникулы. 6. Он всегда планировал их подъемы в горы. 7. Он планировал подняться еще на одну вершину. 8. Вы можете пользоваться этой комнатой для приема гостей. 9. Вы можете воспользоваться моим кабинетом, чтобы принять вашего посетителя. 10. Он заставил себя перестать беспокоиться и начал понимать, какой он был дурак. 11. Он замолчал, чтобы показать фотографии. 12. Она уже не помнит, как она учила правила день и ночь. 13. Она не вспомнит, что нужно позвонить вам. 14. Он, должно быть, забыл, что проиграл ему массу денег. 15. Не забудьте извиниться, когда увидите его. 16. Она сожалела, что так поспешно приняла их приглашение. 17. Я с сожалением сообщаю вам, что ваше предложение отклонено. 18. Мальчику нужна (хочет) помощь. Я хочу помочь ему. 19. Комнату убирать не нужно, она чистая. Можете не убирать комнату сейчас. 20. Ему хотелось бы, чтобы вы не надоедали ему своими глупыми вопросами. 21. Вы бы лучше честно признались, что не хотите помочь. 22. Я бы хотела, чтобы вы поняли, что я не собираюсь этого делать. 23. Ему нравилось сидеть на веранде после обеда. 24. Ему нравилось распоряжаться людьми. 25. Она всегда небрежно относилась к выполнению своих обязанностей. 26. Она пренебрегла его предложением.

Exercise 78 Write а two-page long reproduction of а passage from your home-reading book; use gerunds, complexes with gerunds and infinitives.

TESTS

Вопрос задания может оцениваться 1-2 баллами; общая оценка задания в баллах указана в скобках. Результат теста оценивается по следующей скале:

90% - 100% выполнения – «отлично»

80% - 89% выполнения – «хорошо»

70% - 79% выполнения – «удовлетворительно»

50% - 69% выполнения – «посредственно»

Ниже 50% выполнения – «плохо»

TEST 1

100% выполнения – 70 баллов

«отлично» – 63 – 70 баллов

«хорошо» – 56 – 62 балла

«удовлетворительно» – 49 – 55 баллов

«посредственно» – 35 – 48 баллов

«плохо» – менее 35 баллов

Task 1. (10 баллов) Mark the missing forms of the Gerund

1. speaking

a) Indefinite Active b) Indefinite Passive

c) Perfect Active d) Perfect Passive

2. having come

a) Indefinite Active b) Indefinite Passive

c) Perfect Active d) Perfect Passive

3. being told

a) Indefinite Active b) Indefinite Passive

c) Perfect Active d) Perfect Passive

4. having risen

a) Indefinite Active b) Indefinite Passive

c) Perfect Active d) Perfect Passive

5. going

a) Indefinite Active b) Indefinite Passive

c) Perfect Active d) Perfect Passive

6. having been spent

a) Indefinite Active b) Indefinite Passive

c) Perfect Active d) Perfect Passive

7. having laid

a) Indefinite Active b) Indefinite Passive

c) Perfect Active d) Perfect Passive

8. suspecting

a) Indefinite Active b) Indefinite Passive

c) Perfect Active d) Perfect Passive

9. arriving

a) Indefinite Active b) Indefinite Passive

c) Perfect Active d) Perfect Passive

10. having stood

a) Indefinite Active b) Indefinite Passive

c) Perfect Active d) Perfect Passive

Task 2. (10 баллов) Choose the proper form of the Gerund:

1. Did you succeed in _______________ (find) the article?

a) finding b) having found

2. She seems annoyed at ______________(bother).

a) bothering b) having been bothered

3. She congratulated us on _______________ (win) the competition that had been really important for us.

a) winning b) having won

4. Why were you surprised to see her? Did you forget ___________ (invite) her?

a) inviting b) having invited

5. Excuse me for _____________ (interrupt) you.

a) interrupting b) having interrupted

6. I appreciate your _______________ (help) me to write this article. I wouldn’t have coped without you.

a) helping b) having been helped

7. It was no use ___________ (try) to catch the train.

a) having tried b) trying

8. Thank you for not _____________ (mention) these facts at the meeting yesterday.

a) mentioning b) having mentioned

9. In addition to ____________ (fail) your exam, you didn’t tell us about it.

a) failing b) having failed

10. After ____________ (play) in the yard for some time the boys went to the river.

a) playing b) having played

Task 3. (10 баллов) Choose the proper form of the Gerund:

1. Your shoes want ____________ (polish) – they are too dusty to be worn.

a) being polished b) polishing c) having been polished

2. I would like you to avoid ______________ (make) fun of.

a) making b) being made c) having been made

3. She enjoyed ______________ (praise).

a) praising b) having been praised c) being praised

4. These data require _____________ (look) through again.

a) looking b) being looked c) been looked

5. From now on I insist on ______________ (inform) in advance.

a) informing b) having been informed c) being informed

6. Your hair needs _____________ (cut).

a) having been cut b) cutting c) being cut

7. I don’t remember ____________ (ask) to help you.

a) asking b) having been asked c) being asked

8. Do you think this poem is worth _____________ (learn) by heart?

a) learning b) being learnt c) been learnt

9. She will never get used to _______________ (treat) this way.

a) treating b) having been treated c) being treated

10. I couldn’t prevent his _____________ (take) to hospital.

a) being taken b) taking c) having been taken

Task 4. (10 баллов) Choose the proper preposition to precede the gerund in the syntactic function of object:

1. She accused us ____ being impolite.

a) in b) for c) of d) –

2. I warned them _____ participating in that project but they wouldn’t listen to me.

a) about b) against c) on d) –

3. She persisted _____ setting experiments though nobody supported her.

a) – b) on c) about d) in

4. He never approved ____ his son becoming an artist.

a) for b) – c) of d) to

5. He didn’t want to admit _____ having been wrong but he had to.

a) of b) to c) – d) in

6. She felt indignant ____ being told lies.

a) at b) of c) to d) in

7. Judy confessed ____ having spent the money in no time at all.

a) of b) in c) for d) to

8. We cannot prevent him ____ making this mistake again, can we?

a) – b) from c) in d) to

9. She suspected us ____ not having told the whole truth.

a) in b) for c) – d) of

10. I don’t think she is guilty _____ stealing that money.

a) in b) of c) for d) about

Task 5. (10 баллов) Choose the proper preposition to precede the gerund in the syntactic function of attribute or adverbial modifier:

1. _________ working for several years he became a good specialist.

a) at b) without c) after

2. What was his explanation ________ being late again?

a) about b) for c) at

3. You can achieve success only _____ working hard.

a) with b) on c) by

4. It is impolite to visit people _________ phoning them in advance.

a) without b) after c) before

5. You might help me about the house ________ watching this stupid show.

a) besides b) instead of c) without

6. I didn’t say anything ________ insulting him.

a) because of b) instead of c) for fear of

7. ________ listening to the tape you’ll have to record yourself.

a) besides b) in c) because of

8. ________ being short of time he didn’t hurry.

a) instead of b) in spite of c) besides

9. He passed by ________ seeing us.

a) instead of b) for c) without

10. _____ seeing us he stopped talking.

a) at b) after c) without

Task 6. (20 баллов) State the function of the Gerund:

From L .J. Brawn “The Cat Who Robbed a Bank”

1. It was feeding time at the zoo!

a) object b) attribute c) subject

2. The chubby boy was breathing hard after running.

a) object b) adverbial modifier of time

c) adverbial modifier of manner

3. I don’t mind telling you, Qwill: I’m having stage fright about pouring tea for him.

a) a part of a compound verbal modal predicate

b) a part of a compound nominal predicate c) object

4. I don’t mind telling you, Qwill: I’m having stage fright about pouring tea for him.

a) object b) attribute c) adverbial modifier of manner

5. In recent years he had uncovered plenty of intrigue in this small community, and in doing so he had won the trust and friendship of the Pickax police chief.

a) object b) adverbial modifier of manner

c) adverbial modifier of time

6. Qwilleran attended and ate his soup and sandwich but refrained from volunteering for anything.

a) object b) adverbial modifier of cause c) attribute

7. He needed solitude for thinking, writing, and reading...

a) adverbial modifier of cause b) adverbial modifier of purpose

c) object

8. As the winner he was trying to dispose of it discreetly without offending the artist who had donated it.

a) adverbial modifier of manner b) adverbial modifier of condition

c) adverbial modifier of attendant circumstances

9. And he had gone to the trouble of finding a video of an old Greer Garson movie.

a) attribute b) object c) adverbial modifier of manner

10. “Now that I’m used to pedaling with my feet elevated, I like it.”

a) a part of a compound verbal aspect predicate b) object

c) adverbial modifier of manner

TEST 2

100% выполнения – 100 баллов

«отлично» – 90-100 баллов

«хорошо» – 80 – 89 баллов

«удовлетворительно» – 70 – 79 баллов

«посредственно» – 50 – 69 баллов

«плохо» – менее 50 баллов

Task 1. (10 баллов) Use the proper form of the gerund of the verb in brackets:

1. Why do you object to our ______________ (meet) you?

2. I remember his ___________ (say) it at yesterday’s meeting.

3. She hasn’t apologized for ____________ (be) so rude the day before.

4. Will you ever forgive my _____________ (leave) you there alone on that awful day?

5. I think she deserves ______________ (treat) with respect.

6. She doesn’t seem to regret ______________ (fail) her exam.

7. He couldn’t find his camera and suspected his brother of _______________ (take) it.

8. After ______________ (leave) the house he stopped and looked up at the second-floor window.

9. Be careful! He cannot stand ____________ (insult).

10. Are you sure of her _______________ (inform) about the event? She hasn’t arrived yet.

Task 2. (10 баллов) Fill in the blanks with the proper prepositions if necessary:

1. The negotiations resulted ____ signing the agreement.

2. She insists ____ the letter being answered at once.

3. I didn’t think ____ going to the Crimea in summer.

4. I apologized ____ having caused all the trouble.

5. Nothing could prevent her ____ going there.

6. She was quite excited ____ seeing the photo.

7. The children were engaged ____ decorating the room.

8. He was grateful ____ having been accompanied home.

9. She was against ____ being manipulated.

10. I’m not used ____ walking long distances.

Task 3. (20 баллов) Use a gerund or an infinitive of the verb in (brackets):

1. John forgot __________ (revise) the material and failed the test.

2. They require us __________ (attend) all the lectures.

3. I think she is not used to __________ (deal) with such tasks alone.

4. High inflation caused houses _________ (grow) in price.

5. I planned to inform you but I never got round to __________ (write) to you.

6. If you promise to help them, it will mean __________ (work) round the clock.

7. Do you think you will manage _________ (solve) this problem?

8. You can try _________ (talk) to him – it may help.

9. We really depend on her _________ (convince) the Board.

10. Are you waiting for me _________ (do) your job?

Task 4. (30 баллов) Choose the correct sentence

1. a) He couldn’t have deceived you. He is not capable of deceiving anybody.

b) He couldn’t have deceived you. He is not capable of having deceived anybody.

2. a) The girl regretted being unable to help you when you needed her help.

b) The girl regretted having been unable to help you when you needed her help.

3. a) Do you really approve their spending so much time on computer games?

b) Do you really approve of their spending so much time on computer games?

4. a) I hear he refused to join you in summer.

b) I hear he refused joining you in summer.

5. a) They have arranged for us to stay in the hotel.

b) They have arranged for our staying in the hotel.

6. a) She learnt typing but I don’t know if she managed it.

b) She learnt to type but I don’t know if she managed it.

7. a) He said he wanted playing the piano at the concert.

b) He said he wanted to play the piano at the concert.

8. a) Of course you can’t afford to go abroad on holiday.

b) Of course you can’t afford going abroad on holiday.

9. a) We tried to start the car, but all our efforts failed.

b) We tried starting the car, but all our efforts failed.

10. a) I’m really sorry about having bothered you.

b) I’m really sorry to have bothered you.

11. a) Did he agree to have consulted you on this work?

b) Did he agree to consult you on this work?

12. a) I can’t even begin to realize what the consequences will be.

b) I can’t even begin realizing what the consequences will be.

13. a) Don’t leave the paper unfinished. Go on to write.

b) Don’t leave the paper unfinished. Go on writing.

14. a) Let’s stop to have a look at this view.

b) Let’s stop having a look at this view.

15. a) She washed the dishes, looked at them and went on to put them into the cupboard.

b) She washed the dishes, looked at them and went on putting them into the cupboard.

Task 5. (30 баллов) State the function of the Gerund:

From L .J. Brawn “The Cat Who Robbed a Bank”

1. Gossip was the mainstay of Moose County culture, although it was called “caring and sharing.”

2. He handled the situation by establishing the Klingenschoen Foundation with a mandate to give the money away judiciously to benefit the community.

3. Paving was unknown in those days.

4. On the last day of August, before going out to dinner, he read to the cats from a book selected by Koko.

5. The old ones were as comfortable as a milking stool, yet casual visitors chose to sit there instead of sinking into the deep-cushioned lounge chairs.

6. After being bombed by a psychopath from Down Below, it required a year to rebuild, refurnish and rename.

7. Already two national magazines were interested in photographing the interior.

8. Now I like the idea of being an innkeeper.

9. I personally dragged him to Bruce’s Tuxedo Rental and talked him into trimming his beard...

10. “He reads minds, knows when the phone is going to ring, and tells time without looking at a clock – all skills denied to you and me....”

11. And Barry Morgan thanked his lucky stars for bringing him to Pickax as innkeeper.

12. Your daughter deserves credit for doing a great job!

13. I was faster at stealing second base.

14. He and Arch had been bickering chums since boyhood, and sparring (a) was an ongoing way of expressing their friendship (b).

KEYS to the tests:

Test 1

Task 1: 1. b, c, d; 2. a, b, d; 3. a, c, d; 4. a, b, d; 5. b, c, d; 6. a, b, c; 7. a, b, d; 8. b, c, d; 9. b, c, d; 10. a, b, d.

Task 2: 1. a; 2. b; 3. b; 4. a; 5. a; 6. a; 7. b; 8. a; 9. b; 10. a.

Task 3: 1. b; 2. b; 3. c; 4. a; 5. c; 6. b; 7. c; 8. a; 9. c; 10. a.

Task 4: 1. c; 2. b; 3. d; 4. c; 5. b; 6. a; 7. d; 8. b; 9. d; 10. b.

Task 5: 1. c; 2. b; 3. c; 4. a; 5. b; 6. c; 7. a; 8. b; 9. c; 10. a.

Task 6. 1. b; 2. b; 3. c; 4. a; 5. c; 6. a; 7. b; 8. c; 9. a; 10. b.

Test 2

Task 1: 1. meeting; 2. saying; 3. having been; 4. leaving; 5. treating; 6. failing; 7. having taken; 8. leaving; 9. being insulted; 10. having been informed.

Task 2: 1. in; 2. on; 3. of; 4. for; 5. from; 6. at/about; 7. in; 8. for; 9. -; 10. to.

Task 3: 1. to revise; 2. to attend; 3. dealing; 4. to grow; 5. writing; 6. working; 7. to solve; 8. talking; 9. convincing; 10. to do.

Task 4: 1. a; 2. a; 3. b; 4. a; 5. a; 6.a; 7. b; 8. a; 9. a; 10. b; 11. b; 12. a; 13. b; 14. a; 15. a.

Task 5: 1. object; 2. adverbial modifier of manner; 3. subject; 4. adverbial modifier of time; 5. adverbial modifier of attendant circumstances; 6. adverbial modifier of time; 7. object; 8. attribute; 9. object; 10. adverbial modifier of attendant circumstances; 11. object; 12. object; 13. object; 14. (a) subject; (b) attribute.