- •I am a student of the state academy of veterinary medicine
- •Vocabulary list to text a
- •Text a about myself
- •My working day
- •Vocabulary list to text b
- •Text b st. Petersburg state academy of veterinary medicine
- •Veterinary medicine in the United States
- •Veterinary medicine in the United Kingdom
- •Vocabulary list to text a
- •Text a skeletal system
- •Unit 2 the skeleton
- •Vocabulary list to text b
- •Text b the cat’s skeleton
- •Text a types of muscles
- •Vocabulary list to text b
- •Text b cat tails
- •Unit 4 animal nutrition
- •Vocabulary list to text a
- •Text a eating strategies in animals
- •Vocabulary list to text b
- •Study the table of chemical elements (minerals)
- •Study the table of b-complex vitamins
- •Unit 5 digestive system
- •Vocabulary list to text a
- •Text a types of animal digestive systems
- •Vocabulary list to text b
- •Text b the structure and function of the digestive system
- •Exercise 4. Draw a pathway of food through the digestive tract. Start with: Food enters the
- •Feces leave the body
- •Unit 6 tissues
- •Vocabulary list to text a
- •Text a types of tissues Read the text to find out about a) the types of tissues; b) their location and function.
- •Vocabulary list to text b
- •Unit 7 respiratory system
- •Vocabulary list to text a
- •Text a respiratory system
- •Text b lungs
- •Vocabulary list to text b
- •A diagram of ventilation in most mammals. The left image shows inhalation with a flattened diaphragm. The right side shows the dome shaped diaphragm forcing the air out during exhalation.
- •Exercise 11. Read the explanation of how fractional numerals are pronounced.
- •Now read the following fractional numerals: 4 1/7; 7 ¾; 2 3∕5; 16 ½; 8 1∕3 ; 32 2∕7; 5 ½; 1 ½; 9 ½; 12 ¾
- •1. To separate, separation, separately, separating. 2. To circulate, circulation, circulating, circulatory. 3. To diffuse, diffusion, diffusing, diffused. 4. To move, movement, movable, moving.
- •Vocabulary list to text a
- •Text a single and double circulatory systems
- •Text b the mammalian heart
- •Vocabulary list to text b
- •Unit 9 the nervous system
- •Vocabulary list to text a
- •Text a structure of the nervous system
- •Vocabulary list to text b
- •Text b reflexes
- •Reader text 1 surrogate-mom housecat gives birth to endangered kitten
- •Text 2 vet operates on goldfish in australia to remove life-threatening tumor
- •⃰Tumor - опухоль; fiddly - кропотливый; to bully - запугивать; to lace добавить. Text 3 petting-induced aggression of cats
- •Text 4 polar bears
- •Text 5 giant pandas
- •Text 7 animal teamwork
- •Text 9 what is a food chain?
- •Список использованной литературы
- •Периодические издания
- •Электронные ресурсы
- •Contents
Veterinary medicine in the United States
Veterinary medicine in the United States is the performance of veterinary service by the licensed professionals1, normally termed veterinarians or vets. Veterinarians are often assisted by paraveterinary workers2 including veterinary technicians and veterinary assistants, and in some cases, these para-professionals may perform work on their own.
In order to practice, veterinarians must obtain a degree in veterinary medicine, followed by gaining a license3 to practice. Previously, veterinary degrees were available as a bachelor's degree4, but now all courses result in the award of a doctorate5 and are therefore awarded a Doctor of Veterinary Medicine (DVM) if the degree is awarded in English, or a Veterinariae Medicinae Doctoris ("Doctor of Veterinary Medicine") (VMD) if the degree is awarded in Latin.
Following qualification from the doctoral degree, the prospective veterinarian must receive a passing grade6 on the North America Veterinary Licensing Exam. This exam is completed over the course of eight hours, and consists of 360 multiple-choice questions7. This exam covers all aspects of veterinary medicine, as well as visual material designed to test diagnostic skills.
There is a high level of competition for admission to veterinary schools; there are currently only twenty eight veterinary schools in the United States which meet the accreditation standards8 set by the Council on Education of the American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)9, and five in Canada. Entrance requirements vary among veterinary schools, and various pre-professional degree programs have been developed to assist undergraduates10 in meeting these requirements.
Notes
1. licensed professionals - ветеринары, имеющие лицензию на ветеринарную практику; 2. paraveterinary workers - ветеринарный фельдшер; 3. to gain a license - получить лицензию; 4. a bachelor's degree - степень бакалавра; 5. a doctorate - докторская степень; 6. a passing grade - минимальный проходной балл; 7. 360 multiple - choice questions - 360 вопросов с выборочным ответом; 8. meet the accreditation standards - соответствовать требованиям аккредитации; 9. American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) - Американская ассоциация ветеринарной медицины; 10. undergraduates - студенты.
Exercise 22. Read the text and compare veterinary medical school in the United Kingdom and in our country.
Veterinary medicine in the United Kingdom
Veterinary medicine in the United Kingdom is the performance of veterinary service by licensed professionals, termed 'veterinary surgeons', normally referred to as 'vets', and strictly regulated by statute law, notably the Veterinary Surgeons Act of 1966.
Vets are often assisted by registered veterinary nurses1, who are able to both assist the vet and to autonomously practice a range of skills of their own, including minor surgery under direction from a responsible vet.
The practice of veterinary medicine in the United Kingdom is regulated by the Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons (RCVS)2. It gives a license3 to both veterinary surgeons and veterinary nurses.
Veterinary surgeons require both a degree in veterinary science or veterinary medicine, and must hold a current registration with the RCVS in order to practice. Veterinary medicine degree courses are usually five years in length, although Cambridge University's degree takes six, and in some cases, a four year accelerated course4 is available. Only eight British Universities offer the degree (Bristol, Cambridge, Edinburgh, Glasgow, Liverpool, Nottingham, London, Surrey).
Continuing professional development (CPD)5 is a mandatory and key part of career development. The RCVS recommends a minimum of 105 hours CPD over a three-year period.
Vets may choose to specialize in any of a number of areas of veterinary medicine, through certificate qualifications, modular certificates or diplomas, with each specialty taking around two years to complete. Certificates cover a wide range of areas, including small animal medicine, small animal surgery, large animal medicine, welfare ethics and law, public health, cardiology and orthopedics. A certificate is also available in advanced veterinary practice (Cert AVP)6.
Some vets also undertake the training to become Official Veterinarians (OVs)7, which authorizes them to carry out tasks on behalf of the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, such as testing cattle for tuberculosis or issuing of documentation for the export of animals and animal products.
Notes
1. nurse – медицинская сестра; 2. The Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons - Королевская коллегия ветеринарных хирургов; 3. to give a license - выдавать лицензию; 4. accelerated course - ускоренный курс; 5. continuing professional development - повышение квалификации; 6. advanced veterinary practice - дополнительные курсы по повышению квалификации; 7. Official Veterinarian - государственный ветеринарный врач.