15. Read and translate

Кожухотрубчатый теплообменник – plate hear exchanger – природный газ – parallel-flow heat exchanger – площадь поверхности – cross-flow heat exchanger – электростанция – counter current – пучок труб – to occupy – отличаться – turbulence – змеевиковый теплообменник – fins and grooves – блочный теплообменник – finned heat exchanger – интенсификация процесса теплообмена – compose of – межтрубное пространство – sheet metal – малоуглеродистая сталь – gasket – теплоноситель – according to.

Unit 10

Industrial equipment: pumping

1. Read and translate the international words

Element, biological, chemicals, irrigation, pharmaceutical, viscosity, compression, rotodynamic, rotary, selection, hydraulically, drainage, control, machine.

2. Read and translate the verbs

To transfer, to convert, to deliver, to utilize, to push, to increase, to cause, to create, to trap, to relate, to work, to avoid, to install, to achieve, to use, to convert, to vary, to classify, to give, to impart.

3. Match the English word combinations in column a to their Russian equivalents in column b

A flow rate water supply positive displacement pump hydraulic energy flow system pressure head tangential acceleration centripetal force discharge pipe lobe pump piston stroke non-return valve rotational speed bladed impeller typically oil pump per unit time

B тангенциальное ускорение лопастной насос объемный (поршневой) насос гидравлическая энергия нагнетательный трубопровод система регулирования потока обычно в единицу времени лопастное колесо высота нагнетания насоса центростремительная сила водоснабжение расход обратный клапан масляный насос ход поршня частота вращения

4. Read and translate

Pumps are the essential element in any flow system. Pumps work by using mechanical forces to push the material, either by physical lifting, or by the force of compression. They can be classified as rotodynamic or positive displacement.

Rotodynamic pumps are based on bladed impellers which rotate within the fluid to impart a tangential acceleration to the fluid and a consequent increase in the energy of the fluid. Centrifugal pumps are rotodynamic pumps which convert mechanical energy into hydraulic energy by centripetal force on the liquid. Typically, a rotating impeller increases the velocity of the fluid. The casing of the pump then acts to convert this increased velocity into an increase in pressure.

A positive displacement pump causes a liquid or gas to move by trapping a fixed amount of fluid or gas and then forcing that trapped volume into the discharge pipe. Positive displacement pumps can be further classified as either rotary-type or lobe pumps similar to oil pumps used in car engines. For example, in piston pump the swept volume created by piston movement is the quantity delivered by the pump for each piston stroke, and total flow rate is related to the number of strokes per unit time.

S imilarly, the gear pump (Fig. 10.1) traps a fixed quantity in the space between adjacent teeth and the casing, and total flow rate is related to the rotational speed of the gear wheels. If the flow range in a system is larger than can be achieved with a single machine, several similar pumps may be installed in parallel Non-return valves must be installed to avoid pump interaction.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pump