- •Введение
- •Contents
- •Фонетика (phonetics)
- •1. Основы теории (phonetic theory)
- •§ 1. Английская артикуляция (English Articulation)
- •1. 1. Органы речи
- •1. 2. Особенности английской артикуляции
- •1. 3. Упражнения для губ и языка
- •§ 3. Транскрипция (Transcription)
- •§ 2. Фонема (Phoneme)
- •§ 4. Классификации английских фонем (English Phonemes Classifications)
- •4. 1. Классификация фонем по участию шума и голоса
- •4. 2. Классификация гласных фонем
- •4. 3. Классификация согласных фонем
- •I. Губные согласные
- •§ 5. Особенности английской фонетической системы (English Phonetic System)
- •§ 6. Ассимиляция (Assimilation)
- •Носовой взрыв
- •Потеря взрыва при сочетании двух взрывных согласных
- •§ 7. Редукция
- •§ 8. Интонация (Intonation)
- •8. 1. Синтагма
- •8. 2. Компоненты и функции интонации
- •8. 3. Тонограмма
- •8. 4. Шкала
- •8. 5. Ядро
- •8. 6. Фразовое ударение
- •8. 7. Ритм
- •8. 8. Особенности мелодики английского предложения
- •§ 9. Интонационные контуры (Nuclear Tones)
- •9.1. Низкий нисходящий тон (Low Fall)
- •9. 2. Низкий восходящий тон (Low Rise)
- •9.3. Высокий нисходящий тон (High Fall)
- •9.4. Нисходяще-восходящий тон (Fall-Rise)
- •9.5. Высокий восходящий тон
- •9.6. Восходяще-нисходящий тон
- •9.7. Ровный тон
- •2. Фонетическая практика (phonetic practice) lesson 1
- •Lesson 2
- •Слогоделение
- •Lesson 3
- •Материал для чтения (Low Fall)
- •Lesson 4
- •Регрессивная ассимиляция
- •Материал для чтения (редукция)
- •Lesson 5
- •Связующее [r]
- •Сочетания [z – ð] и [s – θ] в потоке речи
- •Материал для чтения (Low Rise)
- •Lesson 6
- •Логическое ударение
- •Синтагматическое членение предложения
- •Употребление низкого восходящего тона в предложениях, содержащих просьбу
- •Материал для чтения
- •Lesson 7
- •Сочетание согласного с [w]
- •Употребление низкого нисходящего тона в вопросах и восклицаниях
- •Материал для чтения (High Fall)
- •Lesson 8
- •Произношение частицы to перед инфинитивом
- •Ударение в сложных существительных
- •Чтение предлогов и местоимений в конце предложения
- •Употребление низкого восходящего тона в предложениях с перечислением
- •Lesson 9
- •М атериал для чтения (Fall Rise)
- •Lesson 10
- •Сочетание согласного с [r]
- •Сочетание дифтонга с гласным [ə]
- •Глагол «have»
- •Материал для чтения
- •Lesson 11 Английский алфавит
- •Влияние ритма на ударение
- •Reading material (Level Tone)
- •Dialogue 1
- •Dialogue 2
- •Lesson 12 Интонация обращения
- •Интонация приветствий
- •Revision
- •I. Read the sentences.
- •II. Ответьте на вопросы:
- •Introductory course
- •Professions
- •I. Artist
- •II. Director
- •VII. Tutor
- •VIII. Mind the use of prepositions.
- •2. Animals, Birds and Insects
- •I’m not just an animal person
- •I couldn’t live without my pet
- •The Days of the Week
- •The Names of the Months
- •Columbus Day (the second Monday in October)
- •1. Mark the sentences as true, false or not given in the text.
- •2. Choose the appropriate ending or part of each sentence.
- •Unit 2. Describing people Describing People
- •Vocabulary
- •1. Appearance
- •2. Character
- •Sharing Doesn’t Always Come Easy
- •Revealing faces (The shape of your face can give a clue to your personality)
- •Text 2. Aunt Emily
- •Vocabulary
- •3. Word combinations
- •4. Word combinations
- •6. Learn the proverbs and popular phrases. Use them in your conversation.
- •Happy Birthday to You
- •At the Hairdresser’s
- •I Want You, Fiona
- •Unit 4. Holidays Text 1. Christmas Eve
- •Text 2. Christmas
- •Text 3. England. New Year
- •Auld Lang Syne
- •Vocabulary
- •Would you like to celebrate the New Year abroad?
- •How would you like to spend your winter vacations?
- •1. Translate or explain in English:
- •2. What Russian Christmas traditions do you know?
- •1. Give antonyms to the following words.
- •2. Translate or explain in English.
- •3. How will you translate the word pantomime into Russian in the first sentence of the text?
- •1. Do you know any other interesting traditions connected with the New Year?
- •2. Do you have any New Year traditions in your family?
- •1) Are you superstitious? 2) Do people in Russia and England have the same superstitions?
- •I know of no reason
- •Over the River and Through the Woods
- •Symbols of Thanksgiving
- •Grammar
- •Introductory course
- •1. Sentence
- •1. 4. Imperative sentences
- •1. 5. Types of questions
- •1. Tag questions
- •2. Yes/no questions
- •3. Choice questions
- •1. 6. Types of negative sentences
- •1. 7. The verbs ‘be’ & ‘have’
- •4. Present forms of be
- •II. Have
- •1) «Иметь, обладать».
- •3. Present forms of have as a notional verb
- •1. 8. Sentence word order
- •1. Basic word order in English declarative sentences
- •2. Sentence patterns with objects
- •3. Patterns with adverbs of indefinite time, frequency and others like always, also, never, often, seldom, probably, usually, etc.
- •4. Word order with attributes
- •2. The noun
- •2. 1. Classifications
- •I nouns
- •II nouns
- •III. Notes
- •2. 2. Plural of nouns
- •I. General rule
- •II. General rule exceptions
- •IV. Uncountable nouns different to Russian
- •V. Other nouns different to Russian
- •VI. Groups of words followed by the predicate in the singular
- •3. The numeral
- •I. Cardinal numerals answer the question How many?
- •II. Ordinal numerals answer the question Which?
- •III. Note
- •4. Pronouns
- •4. 1. Personal, possessive, reflexive
- •4. 2. Reciprocal pronouns
- •4. 3. Demonstrative pronouns
- •4. 4. Defining pronouns
- •4. 5. Indefinite and negative pronouns
- •5. Articles
- •5. 1. The indefinite article (a/an)
- •6. The possessive case
- •6. 1. General rule
- •6. 3. Notes
- •7. The present simple
- •7. 1. Formation
- •8. The present continuous tense
- •8. 1. Formation
- •8. 3. Spelling rules (present participle)
- •8. 4. Verbs of state (not used in Present Continuous)
- •9. The future simple tense
- •9.1. Formation
- •What Are You Gonna Do at Two?
- •Dialogue 1. In Prison
- •I. Ask questions.
- •III. Make the sentences negative.
- •IV. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form.
- •V. Choose the correct form.
- •I. Ask questions.
- •III. Make the sentences negative.
- •IV. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form.
- •V. Choose the correct form.
- •Situations for asking questions
- •I. Four types of stressed syllables
- •Word stress
- •III. Consonants
- •IV. Digraphs (two vowel letters which are read as one vowel sound)
- •VII. Vowels in unstressed position
- •Dialogue 1. Formal Introductions
- •Dialogue 2. Informal Introductions
- •Dialogue 3. Coincidences
- •Dialogue 4. Time
- •Dialogue 5. Birthdays
- •Dialogue 6. Recipes
- •Dialogue 7. Weather
- •Dialogue 8. Weddings
- •Dialogue 9. Animals
- •Dialogue 10. Safety
- •Dialogue 11. Happiness
- •Dialogue 12. Transportation.
- •Dialogue 13. Mistakes
- •Dialogue 14. Musical Instruments
- •Dialogue 15. Effort
- •Introductory course
- •I. What do people do when they meet in his country?
- •I prefer a big family
- •Written speech practice
- •1. Presentation of written work
- •2. Punctuation marks and dictation terms
- •3. Teacher’s notes on student’s mistakes
- •Introductory course
- •Voc. 1 (part 1)
- •Voc. 1 (part 2)
- •Voc. 2. Character
- •Voc. 1. Relatives by birth
- •Voc. 2. Relatives by marriage
- •Voc. 3. Word combinations
- •Voc. 4. Word combinations
- •Voc. 6. Proverbs
- •Introductory course
- •Voc. 1 (part 1)
- •Voc. 1 (part 2)
- •Voc. 2. Character
- •Voc. 1. Relatives by birth
- •Voc. 2. Relatives by marriage
- •Voc. 3. Word combinations
- •Voc. 4. Word combinations
- •Voc. 6. Proverbs
- •I am sailing (Rod Stewart)
- •If it takes forever
- •I just called (Stevie Wonder)
- •I saw her standing there
- •Imagine (John Lennon)
- •Freddy mercury & queen
- •2.1 Romeo and Juliet
- •2.2 Romeo and Juliet
- •4. Limerick
- •5. The Picture
- •6. Hate or Love?
- •7. Horror
- •8. Just a Cold
- •9. Reading Updike
- •10. Johnny the Fireman
- •11. Time To…
- •12. The Butler Did It!
- •13. Asking for Trouble
- •14. A House
- •15. What’s The Difference?
- •16. Avocados
- •17. Sandwich
- •18. What’s Up?
- •19. Beam Me Up, Scotty!
- •20. Live Long and Prosper!
- •21. What Do You Think?
- •22. The Magic Word
- •23. 1. Abracadabra
- •23. 2. Abracadabra
- •24. Vanity of Vanities
- •25. He Who Increases Knowledge
VII. Tutor
1. репетитор; 2. преподаватель, работающий индивидуально со студентами в британских университетах и колледжах;
VIII. Mind the use of prepositions.
1. work in, at + place / in + area of work; I work in/at a factory. Kim works in publishing.
2. work for + name of company; I’d like to work for Vodafone.
3. work as + job; How long have you worked as a teacher?
4. work on + project; Now we are working on a new design.
5. work with + person / equipment; Do you work with Jim? We have to work with chemicals.
2. Animals, Birds and Insects
1. ant
2. bear
3. bee
4. beetle
5. bug
6. butterfly
7. camel
8. cat (kitten)
9. cheetah
10. cock (Br)
rooster (Am)
11. cow (calf)
12. crocodile
13. deer
14. dog (puppy)
15. donkey / ass (old)
16. duck
17. eagle
18. elephant
19. elk
20. fox
21. frog
22. giraffe
23. goat
24. goose
25. hamster
26. hare
27. hedgehog
28. hen (chicken)
29. horse
30. kangaroo
31. leopard
32. lion
33. monkey
34. mosquito
35. owl
36. parrot
37. peacock
38. penguin
39. pig / swine (old)
40. pigeon / dove
41. rabbit
42. roe
43. sheep (lamb)
44. snake
45. sparrow
46. squirrel
47. swallow
48. swan
49. tick
50. tiger
51. turkey
52. tortoise
turtle
53. whale
54. wolf
55. woodpecker
EXERCISES
Ex. 1. Fill in the name of the profession.
1. I want to become a ……………………....................and write for newspapers or magazines. 2. Einstein was a……………………............... 3. When she married she quit work and became a………………… 4. If you have a toothache, you’d better see a …………….. 5. My hair needs cutting, I should call my ……………… 6. This is the……………….......... who wrote that article about punk rock. 7. I don’t know the town, will you be my ………….........? 8. Who is the………………. of this faculty? 9. If you are lost ask a……………...................... to help you. 10. This man is the ………………...... of our volleyball team. 11. He was offered the position of the……………… in this company. 12. When everybody came, the family ……………… opened the envelope and read aloud the will. 13. Naomi Campbell was а …………………and demonstrated clothes. 14. The ………………...... delivers letters in the morning. 15. Maggie is a ………….............., she looks after other people’s children. 16. He is a very good ………………............. His photos are excellent. 17. Students who need money for study often work as ...………………… at restaurants or cafes. 18. If you study at the faculty of foreign languages, you can become either a ........................................ or an ...................................... 19. ……………...... work under the ground. 20. Kazimir Malevich is a famous Russian …………………….. 21. He entered a musical school, he wants to become a ....………………... 22. Paul McCartney isn’t only a ................................but also a ................................. of many Beatles’ songs. 23. I want to speak to the .....……………………. of this school. 24. When a child, he wanted to become a …………........................ and help to keep order and catch criminals. 25. He was a ............................. during the war and brought down many German planes. 26. Brad Pitt is a famous American ............................. and his wife Angelina Jolie is an ........................ too. 27. The bus ……………..................... took the money and gave me a ticket. 28. According to the Bible, Jesus was a .............................. before he became thirty. 29. Our lock is out-of-order, let’s call a …………………....30. The ......……………… at the service centre said that our car would be ready in a week. 31. He has joined the army, so he is a ....................... now. 32. They are ....................... and grow corn. 33. He feels very bad, we’d better call a ............
Ex. 2. Complete the sentences. Speak about yourself.
1. My friend wants to be a………………… 2. My granny was a……………… 3. When I was a child, I dreamt to be a……………… 4. I could never be a……………….
Ex. 3. What animals make these noises?
“OINK” – ………………….. , “BAA” – ……………… , “MEOW” – ……………….. , “WOOF” – ……………… , “MOO” – ……………………., “COCKADOODLEDOO” – ……………………… .
Ex. 4. Translate the words, use them to complete the sentences. Look up their pronunciation.
bark, bleat, cluck, croak, crow, growl, grunt, hoot, mew, moo, neigh, quack, purr, roar.
1. Cats …………. when they are hungry and ………….. when they are happy. 2. Dogs …………........ or ………….. when they are angry. 3. Lions …………. 4. Sheep and goats ……….... 5. Horses …….... 6. Pigs …………….. 7. Cows ………… 8. Frogs ………. and ducks ………. 9. Cocks ……….., hens ………. and owls ………. .
Ex. 5. Complete the sentences with the names of the animals. Consult the dictionary.
hens, frogs, ducks, butterflies, hares, kittens, cows, snakes, wolves, bears, horses, lambs, birds, goats, fish, puppies, pigs, chickens;
1. ……… fly and ……….. swim. 2. …………flutter. 3. ……….. hop. 4. ……….. slither. 5. .............. trot or gallop. 6. Cats have ………… and dogs have …………… 7. …………. have foals. 8. Sheep have ………….. . 9. …………. have calves. 10. ……….. have piglets. 11. …… and ………......have cubs. 12. ………. have ducklings. 13. ………….. lay eggs from which …………. hatch. 14. Tadpoles turn into ………... . 15. Caterpillars turn into ……………… .
Ex. 6. Do the crossword Animals.
Across: 1. Always with a bag. 4. The biggest in the sea. 6. What grace! 7. He can’t change his spots. 8. Man’s best friend. 9. A busy honey-maker. 11. A swine that can be plural. 12. A smart town’s bird. 14. Once she laid a golden egg. 15. Walks by himself. 17. A bird in a tailcoat. 19. A big-eared fellow. 20. Quicker than wind. 23. You can find him on the symbol of the USA. 24. Something between a deer and a camel. 26. It’s the last straw that broke the ….’s back. 28. In a red fur coat. 29. All its beauty is in its tail. 30. There’s a Russian opera called «……. Lake» 32. He sings «cock-a-doodle-doo» in American English. 33. The plural of goose.
Down: 1. A future mice-hunter 2. What a neck! 3. The wisest. 4. A tree’s dentist. 5. So snug in the rug! 8. Sounds very dear. 9. Winnie-the-Pooh 10. It was young 100 years ago. 12. A nut cracker. 13. Sometimes in sheep’s clothing. 16. Big and yellow. 18. Another pig. 21. White when it snows, grey when it rains. 22. Don’t touch me! 25. The king. 26. Gives us milk. 27. Rhymes with ‘funky’ 30. It hisses and slithers. 31. Don’t make an … of yourself!
Ex. 7. Choose the correct explanation.
I. Don’t make an ass of yourself.
1. Не притворяйся. 2. Не веди себя так странно. 3. Не выставляй себя на посмешище.
II. He killed two birds with one stone.
1. Он добился цели. 2. Он разрешил две проблемы одним махом. 3. Он хорошо поохотился.
III. Let’s take the bull by the horns.
1. Давай приступим к делу. 2. Давай продолжим, то, что начали. 3. Давай покончим с этим.
IV. He has butterflies in his stomach.
1. Он нервничает. 2. У него болит желудок. 3. Он на вершине блаженства.
V. Don’t let the cat out of the bag.
1. Не давай ему волю. 2. Не проговорись. 3. Не выноси сор из избы.
VI. It’s raining cats and dogs.
1. Моросит дождь. 2. Идет грибной дождь. 3. Дождь льет как из ведра.
VII. That cat won’t jump.
1. Этот номер не пройдет. 2. Это неправда. 3. Это нечестно.
VIII. It’s a pretty kettle of fish.
1. Это все вранье! 2. Ну и дела! 3. Вот это результат!
IX. They smelled the rat.
1. Они заподозрили неладное. 2. Они испугались. 3. Они удивились.
X. He can’t say “boo” to a goose.
1. Он плохо говорит по-английски. 2. Он не может ничего сказать об этом. 3. Он не способен никого обидеть.
XI. He is a wolf in sheep’s clothing.
1. Oн элегантно одет. 2. Он жестокий человек. 3. Он враг, скрывающийся под видом друга.
XII. Can the leopard change his spots?
1. Может ли дикий зверь стать ручным? 2. Может ли человек изменить свой характер? 3. Может ли человек измениться к лучшему?
Ex. 8. Read the blogs and say if you are an animal person or not.
