Revision

THE PERFECT FORMS

THE PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

to have + III форма глагола (Past Participle)

Regular verbs + -ed

Irregular verbs see list of irregular verbs

*I have seen = I’ve seen; He has seen = He’s seen

Present Perfect Tense используется для передачи:

Present Perfect Tense также передает действие, которое началось в прошлом и продолжается до сих пор. Такое действие обычно передается другим временем – Present Perfect Continuous. Однако в английском языке есть ряд глаголов, которые не употребляются в Continuous (см. стр. 28). Таким образом, когда, используя эти глаголы, требуется передать действие, начатое ранее и продолжающееся до сих пор, используется не Present Perfect Continuous, а время Present Perfect.

Например: I have known him for 5 years. Я знаю его уже 5 лет.

I have been in Paris for three months already. Я нахожусь в Париже уже 3 месяца.

Exercise 96. Write the past participles of the following verbs:

Exercise 97. Put the verb in brackets in the correct form.

Model:

My friend has opened (open) a veterinary clinic recently.

1. I _________ (not/do) my homework yet.

2. Grandma __________already (water) the flowers.

3. I ________ (lose) my gloves somewhere.

4. He _________ (not/finish) his lunch yet.

5. I ________ (forget) his address.

6. ________ (the doctor/take) your temperature yet?

Exercise 98. Translate from English into Russian.

1. The student has just translated the text. 2. I have already read the book. 3. We’ve had much work this week. 4. Animal breeders have carried out many experiments on the crossing of animals recently. 5. The student has started his work this morning. 6. The farmer has bought new cattle this year. 7. The importance of preventive medicine has increased considerably in recent years. 8. Have you ever seen this film? 9. Modern genetics has already provided new practical methods for animal husbandry.10. He hasn’t seen his doctor yet.

How long/for/since

Exercise 99. Fill in since or for

Exercise 100. Ask questions and answer them according to the model using SINCE or FOR.

Model:

How long has Mary lived here?

Mary has lived here for three years.

1. I / want / to be a veterinarian / childhood.

2. Bill / be / a teacher / 1995.

3. They / work / in the clinic / six month.

4. Peter / know / them / last year.

5. His dog / be / ill /Tuesday.

6. The professor / think / about this experiment / two years.

Exercise 101. Fill in the blanks with for or since.

1. How long have you known John?

I’ve known him … we were at school.

2. How long have you had that dress?

I’ve had it … Christmas.

3. How long have you been in Asia?

I’ve been in Asia … seven years.

4. I’m sorry I’m late. How long have you been here?

I’ve been here … two hours, … 5 o’clock.

5. How long have you been a vegetarian?

I’ve been a vegetarian … 2 years.

6. When did you last go to America?

I haven’t been to America … July, 2010.

Ever/never

Exercise 102. Make up questions with ever using the words in brackets and answer them.

Model:

(ride / horse?) Have you ever ridden a horse? Yes, I have / No, I haven’t / I’ve never ridden a horse.

1. (perform / operation?)

2. (save / someone’s life?)

3. (speak with / famous person?)

4. (have / dog?)

5. (break / leg?)

6. (examine / sick animal?)

7. (make / wrong decision?)

8. (hear of / this disease?)

9. (apply / the new method of treatment?)

10.(suffer from / indigestion?)

Already/just/yet

Exercise 103. Fill in the gaps with since, for, already, just, yet, ever, never

1. I’ve … finished my homework, so my books are still on the table.

2. I haven’t seen her … 2010.

3. Have you … finished eating? I haven’t even started … .

4. We’ve studied here … three years.

5. Mary has … driven a car before.

6. I haven’t invited anyone to the party … .

7. They have … translated this article, you may take it.

8. He has … spoken to the dean.

9. He hasn’t phoned … Sunday.

10. I’ve studied biology … 7 years.

11. Have you … fixed a fractured femur?

Exercise 104. Match column A with column B.

NB! Have gone to – Have been to – Have been in

He has gone to the cinema. (He hasn’t come back yet. He is still at the cinema).

She has been to London. (She has visited London. She has come back).

I’ve been in Moscow for a month. (I am in Moscow now).

Exercise 105. Fill in the gaps with have/has been (to) or have/has gone (to).

1. “Where are Tom and Lucy?” “They … the theatre.”

2. I don’t live in London. I … only … there once.

3. I am alone in the house. My parents … on holiday.

4. “Is John at home?” “No, he … the Academy.”

5. Anita has just come home. She … the Academy.

6. “Where are Julia and Dave?” “They … the sports center with their friends.”

Сравните употребление Present Perfect и Past Simple

Exercise 106. Open the brackets using the verbs in the Present Perfect or Past Simple Tense.

1. I … (not/go) to the Academy yesterday because I was ill.

2. Kate … (go) to the theatre last week.

3. Mary travels a lot. She … (visit) many countries.

4. I … (switch) off the light before going out this morning.

5. I live in London now, but I … (live) in Paris for many years.

6. What time … (you/go) to bed last night?

7. ... (you/ever/meet) a famous person?

8. My friend is a writer. He … (write) many books already.

9. We … (not/have) a holiday last year.

10. The weather … (not/be) very good yesterday.

Exercise 107. Make up questions to the following sentences according to the model:

Model:

I’ve completed the experiment. – Have you really completed the experiment?

1. I’ve performed many experiments this week.

2. We’ve examined 500 samples of blood.

3. They’ve developed a new method.

4. I’ve made great progress in my studies.

5. This professor has published three articles on his new method recently.

6. We’ve built a new clinic this year.

Exercise 108. Put the verbs in brackets into the Past Simple or the Present Perfect.

Scientists 1) … (discover) a new animal in the jungle recently. They believe it 2) … (exist) for a million years. The animal 3) … (develop) two tails for moving between the trees and eyes that can see in the dark. John Jones 4) … (find) the animal when he 5) … (explore) the northern Ablu jungle. He 6) … (see) the animal on a tree so he 7) … (stop) and 8) … (catch) it. “I 9) … (always/want) to discover something new,” he 10) … (say) yesterday. The Bronx Zoo 11) … (buy) the animal. They 12) … (show) it to the public yesterday.

Exercise 109. Translate from Russian into English.

1. Ты бывал когда-нибудь в Англии? 2. Я не могу вам ничего рассказать об этом человеке, так как я никогда его не видел. 3. Он написал отличную работу сегодня. 4. Они много работали на этой неделе. 5. Они уже перевели эту статью. 6. Я никогда не был на ферме. 7. Я знаю его много лет. 8. Хочешь пообедать с нами? Нет, спасибо, я уже пообедал. 9. Мне всегда нравились фильмы о животных. 10. Мы уже сдали все экзамены. 11. Мы только что закончили важный эксперимент. 12. Я никогда не могла работать с дикими животными. 13. Я всегда хотел стать хирургом. 14. В этом году мы построили новую клинику. 15. В этом столетии ученые уже сделали много интересных открытий.

Exercise 110. Correct the mistakes.

1. We have bought a new sofa last month.

2. Jim lives in Germany for three years.

3. My father has went fishing.

4. She is just moved house.

5. We have eaten lunch at one o’clock.

6. Sophie has do her homework.

7. Ann and Tom have got married ten years ago.

8. I am at school since nine o’clock.

Exercise 111. Translate from Russian into English. Explain why Present Perfect Tense is used in the following sentences:

1. The patient has already restored his health. 2. Have you ever performed any operation? 3. This scientist has just published his new book on the function of the pancreas. 4. We haven’t sent for the doctor yet, do it now, please. 5. Why hasn’t her health changed since she was discharged from the hospital? 6. The patient hasn’t slept since early morning. 7. The doctor has observed no changes in the lungs so far. 8. Physiologists have already studied the functions of the human heart. 9. The assistant has already prepared the instruments for the operation. 10. The doctor has observed some progress in the recovery of this patient lately.

Exercise 112. Rewrite the following sentences in the Present Perfect Tense according to the model. Use the appropriate adverbs (just, already, recently, etc):

Model:

Dr. Smith examined this patient last week.

Dr. Smith has just examined this patient.

.

1. They detected a few symptoms of the infection yesterday.

2. We developed a new approach to the problem at the last conference.

3. Our surgeons used new experimental drug during the last operation.

4. These doctors considered liver transplantation a week ago.

PAST PERFECT TENSE

had + Past Participle

Past Perfect Tense употребляется для передачи:

Exercise 113. Match column A with column B to make correct sentences. Which is the first action in each pair?

Exercise 114. Read the situations and make up sentences from the words in brackets.

Model:

You went to Jill’s house but she wasn’t there. (she / go / out)

She had gone out.

1. You went back to your home town after many years. It wasn’t the same as before. (it / change / a lot)

2. You went to the cinema last night. You arrived at the cinema late. (the film / already / begin)

3. I was very pleased to see Tim again after such a long time. (I / not / see / him for five years)

4. I offered Sue something to eat but she wasn’t hungry. (she / just / had / breakfast)

5. Last year we went to Denmark. It was our first time there. (we / not / be / there before)

Exercise 115. Join the sentences using the words in brackets.

Model:

She cleaned the house. Then, she watched TV. (after)

After she had cleaned the house, she watched TV.

1. I found a solution to my problem. Then, I felt happier. (when)

2. The boys finished their homework. Then, they went out to play. (before)

3. The doctor disinfected the instruments. Then, the operation began. (after)

4. The veterinarian examined the animals. Then, he administered the drug. (before)

5. The sick animal recovered. Then, we saw it. (by the time)

Exercise 116. Use Past Perfect of the verbs in the box to complete the sentences.

to leave, to go, to see, to live, to fly, to die

1. I didn’t read the text in class because I … my book at home.

2. The children didn’t want to go to the cinema because they ... already ... the film.

3. Kate wasn’t at home last week because she ... to visit her uncle.

4. Linda never knew her father because he ... before she was born.

5. I was excited when the plane took off because I... never ... before.

6. My grandfather was always afraid of animals because he ... never ... in the country.

Exercise 117. Complete the sentences using Past Perfect.

1. I watched a new film after…

2. I went for a walk after…

3. I fell asleep after…

4. I began to read a book after…

5. I helped my mother about the house after…

6. I administered the drug after…

7. I started the experiment after…

Exercise 118. Put the verbs in the brackets in the appropriate tense.

1. The patient (to be) under medical care before the surgeon (to begin) the operation.

2. They (to isolate) some strains of this virus before they (to start) a new set of experiments.

3. My experiments (to fail) because I (choose) the wrong method.

4. The patient (to sleep) well before the nurse (to come).

5. We (to accumulate) certain experience before we (to decide) to perform this operation.

6. I (to publish) seven articles by the end of last year.

7. The assistant (to disinfect) the instruments before the operation began.

8. We (to perform) numerous experiments before we published new data on the main functions of leucocytes.

Exercise 119. Translate from Russian into English.

1. Ветеринар пришел к 5 часам. 2. Студенты осмотрели больное животное до того, как пришел врач. 3. Помощник приготовил инструменты до того, как началась операция. 4. Мы опубликовали статью после того, как провели эксперимент. 5. К концу месяца мы закончили наше исследование. 6. Я пошел гулять с собакой после того, как накормил ее. 7. Студенты изучали биологию до того, как начали изучать биохимию. 8. Мы перевели статью к четвергу. 9. Мы обнаружили определенные изменения в тканях после того, как провели исследование.

Сравните Past Perfect, Past Continuous и Past Simple:

Exercise 120. Put the verbs in brackets into the Past Simple, Past Perfect or Past Continuous.

1. They … (walk) in the park when the storm broke.

2. Andy was glad to hear that he … (pass) the exam.

3. The doctor … (examine) our dog yesterday.

4. The doctor … (examine) our dog when it started barking.

5. The doctor … (examine) our dog and administered the drug.

6. We … (clean) the instruments before the operation began.

7. I … (make) a report when somebody came into the class.

8. He felt terrible because he … (have) a heart attack.

9. I knew that the patient … (suffer) from pneumonia.

10. He understood that microorganisms … (enter) the animal’s body through the digestive tract.

Exercise 121. Translate the sentences paying attention to the tense of the predicate.

1. The patient had restored his health by the end of September.

2. The patient had had a flu before they took him to the clinic.

3. He had undergone medical therapy before the operation.

4. The doctor had observed an unusual case of mitral valve disease (аномалия митрального клапана) before he reported on it at the conference.

5. I had read the book by the end of semester.

6. The students had finished their practice by October.

7. Two pigs had shown some symptoms of indigestion by the end of the week.

8. The assistant had given water to the sick animal before the vet came to the farm.

FUTURE PERFECT TENSE

will have + Past Participle

Future Perfect Tense употребляется:

Exercise 122. Put the verbs in the brackets in the Future Perfect Tense.

1. Phone me after 8 o’clock. We (finish) dinner by then.

2. Tim is on holiday and he is spending his money very quickly. If he continues like this, he (spend) all his money before the end of his holiday.

3. By next month I (be) in Moscow for exactly one year.

4. By the end of the trip, she (travel) more than 3,000 miles.

5. I hope I (buy) my own flat by the time I’m thirty-five.

6. When you come on Friday she (type) your article.

Exercise 123. Complete the sentences using Future Perfect of the verbs in the box.

1. Helen … this pretty doll by her daughter’s birthday.

2. Steven … his lesson by tomorrow.

3. I … student for 7 years by next September.

4. I … dinner by 3 o’clock.

5. By Tuesday Jill … these novels by O’Henry.

6. Fernando … his operation by August and should be much fitter.

7. I … this document by 7 p.m. this afternoon.

8. The train … by the time you get to the station.

Сравните употребление Future Continuous и Future Perfect Continuous

Exercise 124. Put the verb in brackets into the Future Continuous or Future Perfect Continuous.

1. Tomorrow afternoon we’re going to examine animals on the farm from 3 o’clock until 4.30. So at 4 o’clock we … (examine) animals.

2. – Will you be free at 6 o’clock? – Yes, the examination … (finish) by that time.

3. This time tomorrow we … (check) the results of the experiment.

4. I promise that we … (check) the results of the experiment by 9 o’clock.

5. Do you think you still … (do) the same job in ten years’ time?

6. I … (be) here for a year by January.

7. She won’t be at home at 10 o’clock. She … (write) a test.

8. She … (write) a test by 5 o’clock tonight.

Exercise 125. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct future tense.

1. My grandmother is very old. She … (be) ninety next month.

2. I’m afraid I … (fail) my exams this year.

3. This time next week, they … (lie) on a sandy beach.

4. The film … (start) by the time they get to the cinema.

5. Martin … (do) the work by Sunday evening.

6. The lecture … (start) at 9 o’clock.

7. The veterinarian … (come) by 11 o’clock.

8. This time tomorrow, I … (work) at the clinic.

9. Tomorrow the surgeon … (operate) the patients from 5 till 7 o’clock.

10. I believe, I … (be) a good specialist.

Exercise 126. Translate from Russian into English.

Они закончат операцию к 3 часам. 2. К сентябрю все студенты пройдут вступительные экзамены. 3. Они построят новую клинику к концу следующего года. 4. Хирург прооперирует собаку к 6 часам. 5. Животное поправится к началу недели. 6. Мы исследуем эту проблему до начала конференции. 7. Профессор опубликует новые данные по диагностике к концу семестра. 8. Мы проведем вакцинацию стада к началу осени. 9. Он соберет образцы крови (blood samples) больных животных к концу недели.10. Надеюсь, он выздоровеет к началу семестра.

REVISION

Exercise 127. Translate the sentences. Define the tense of the predicate.

1. By the time the hospital is built, we’ll have graduated from the Academy.

2. Some scientists had worked in the laboratory before they started their work at the University.

3. Since the 19^th century scientists have made great progress in genetic experiments.

3. The surgeon hasn’t discharged this patient from the clinic yet.

4. All of these patients had had positive results before the operation.

5. Prof. Dmitriev has just delivered his lecture on the exchange of gases in the lungs.

6. The doctor hasn’t prolonged the treatment because the patient feels well.

7. Vet’s assistants will have collected urine samples of sick animals by tomorrow.

8. I’ll have read this book by the end of the week.

Exercise 128. Put questions to the underlined words. Start them with the words given in the brackets.

1. This year we have used new techniques in our experiments. (What…)

2. They have already proved that a new drug against cancer is effective. (What …)

3. This surgeon has recently performed a new kind of operation. (When…)

THE PERFECT CONTINUOUS FORMS

THE PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE

to have been +V–ing

Present Perfect Continuous используется для передачи:

Exercise 129. Read the situations and complete the sentences.

Model:

The rain started two hours ago. It’s still raining now.

It has been raining for two hours.

1. We started waiting for the bus 20 minutes ago. We’re still waiting now.

We … for 20 minutes.

2. I started biology classes in September. I’m still learning biology now.

I … since September.

3. Ann began looking for a job six month ago. She’s still looking now.

Ann … for six month.

4. Mary started working in the Academy’s clinic on 18 January. She’s still working there now.

Mary … since 18 January.

5. I started treating animals a year ago. I’m still treating animals.

I … for a year.

Exercise 130. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form of the Present Perfect Continuous.

1. … his car all day? (Jim/repair)

2. I … this book for several weeks. (read)

3. … a lot this year? (Ben/swim)

4. John won’t pass his exams. He … any homework lately. (not/do)

5. We … on this project since December. (work)

6. Sam … how to ride a horse for three months. (learn)

7. Molly … with me since last month. (stay)

Exercise 131. Match column A with column B to make correct sentences.

Exercise 132. Translate from Russian into English.

1. Я учу японский (Japanese) с августа. 2. Они работают в Москве с 1 января. 3. Весь день идет дождь. 4. Я жду врача уже около часа. 5. Сколько времени идет снег? 6. Дети плавают уже полчаса. 7. Вы слишком долго смотрите телевизор. 8. Я изучаю эту проблему уже несколько лет. 9. Они работают на ферме с 8 часов. 10. Его состояние (condition) ухудшается (deteriorate) с прошлого месяца.

Сравните употребление Present Continuous и Present Perfect Continuous

Exercise 133. Open the brackets using the verb in Present Continuous or Present Perfect Continuous Tense.

Exercise 134. Put the verbs in brackets into the Present Continuous or Present Perfect Continuous.

1. Who … (use) my toothbrush?

2. What … (you/do)? I … (write) a letter.

3. Sam … (talk) to his boss for an hour now.

4. Where … (you/go)? - To the cinema. Would you like to come with me?

5. Have you seen my bag? I … (search) for it all morning.

6. I … (clean) my house since 8 o’clock.

7. He … (wash) the car at the moment.

8. Why are your eyes red? – I … (cut) onions.

Сравните употребление Present Perfect и Present Perfect Continuous

NB! С глаголами, которые не употребляются во временах Continuous (know/love/believe etc.) мы используем Present Perfect:

I’ve known him for 5 years.

She has loved him all her life.

Также, говоря о длительных периодах времени, мы часто используем Present Perfect:

I’ve lived here since childhood.

Exercise 135. Read the situations and write two sentences using the words in brackets.

Model:

Tom started reading a book two hours ago. He is still reading it and now he is on page 53.

(read/for two hours) He has been reading for two hours. (Present Perfect Continuous)

(read/53 pages so far) He has read 53 pages so far. (Present Perfect)

1. Linda is from Australia. She is travelling round the Europe at the moment. She began her tour three months ago.

(travel/for three month)

(visit/six countries so far)

2. Paul is a tennis player. He began playing tennis when he was ten years old. This year he is national champion again – for the fourth time.

(win/the national championship four times)

(play/tennis since he was ten)

3. When they left college, Mary and Sue started making films together. They still make films.

(make/ten films since they left college)

(make/films since they left college)

Exercise 136. Underline the correct form.

A. Scientists have recently identified / have been identifying a new species of animal in the rain forest of Borneo. They have been searching / have searched for this creature for several years, and say it is a type of lemur.

B. Scientists think they have found / have been finding two new moons circling the planet Pluto. Astronomers have been looking / have looked closely at Pluto since 1978. The telescope has worked / has been working for fifteen years, and it has been producing / has produces more than 700,000 images of the universe.

C. Australian scientists have been discovering / have discovered a new coral reef over 60 km long in the Gulf of Carpentaria. Recently divers have managed / have been managing to reach the reefs and take photographs.

Exercise 137. Correct the mistakes.

1. I have looked for him all day. I can’t find him.

2. He has trying to fix the car all morning.

3. I have buying lots of food this week.

4. It has been snowed, but it’s stopped now.

5. How long they have been cleaning the house?

6. I’ve been knowing him for two years.

7. Have you cried? Your eyes are red.

THE PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE

had been +V –ing

Past Perfect Continuous используется для передачи:

Exercise 138. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form of the Past Perfect Continuous.

1. Sophie … (paint) the walls all day before she finished them.

2. … (you/wait) long when the dean announced he couldn’t see you?

3. Tom … (look) for a job for six month when he found one.

4. We … (watch) TV for half an hour when the doorbell rang.

5. Mike … (work) as a doctor for forty years when he retired.

6. I … (live) in France for ten years when I met my husband.

Exercise 139. Read the situations and make sentences from the words in brackets.

Model:

I was very tired when I arrived home.

(I / work / hard all day) I had been working hard all day.

1. There was nobody in the room but there was a smell of cigarettes.

(somebody / smoke / in the room)

2. Ann woke up in the middle of the night. She was frightened and didn’t know where she was.

(she / dream)

3. The two boys came into the house. They were very tired.

(they / play / football)

4. When I got home, Mike was sitting in front of TV. He had just turned it off.

(he / watch / TV)

Exercise 140. Put the verbs in brackets into the Past Perfect Simple or Past Perfect Continuous.

Yesterday was a bad day for Andrew. He 1) … (not/sleep) well because it was a terrible storm. After he 2) … (have) a shower, he made breakfast. After he 3) … (eat), he got into his car and drove to work. He 4) … (only/drive) for five minutes when he remembered that he 5) ... (leave) his briefcase at home. He turned the car around and went home again. Then, he realized that he 6) … (lock) himself out. The keys were still inside the house! Andrew was already late for work, so he decided to leave the briefcase and go to work. When he arrived, his secretary told him that his boss 7) … (try) to call him at home. When he asked his boss why he 8) … (call), he told him that it hadn’t been necessary for him to come to work that day. Poor Andrew drove home again.

Exercise 141. Translate from Russian into English. До того, как я стал ветеринаром, я пять лет изучал медицину. 2. Врач сказал, что животное долго страдало. 3. Хирург проводил операцию уже два часа. 4. Они сказали, что работают в этой лаборатории с тех пор, как закончили институт. 5. Я решил отдохнуть, так как все утро осматривал животных. 6. Она заболела потому, что слишком много работала. 7. Больные принимали антибиотики пять дней, когда, наконец, температура упала. 8. Врач сказал, что оперирует животных уже десять лет.

THE FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE

will have been +V –ing

Эта форма очень редко употребляется в художественной литературе и практически не используется в устной речи и научно-технической литературе.

Future Perfect Continuous используется для передачи:

NB! Future Perfect Continuous переводится на русский язык глаголом несовершенного вида.

Exercise 142. Translate from English into Russian.

1. He’ll have been reading a book for two hours when I come.

2. By next summer we’ll have been living here for two years.

3. By tonight I’ll have been working for seven hours.

4. By the time you come they will have been playing for more than an hour.

5. By the 1st of June he will have been working here for twenty years.

Exercise 143. Translate from Russian into English.

1. К началу следующего года, мы будем работать над этой проблемой уже 10 лет. 2. В сентябре исполнится два года с тех пор, как мы учимся. 3. К 2016 году вы не будете жить в этой стране достаточно долго, чтобы принять участие в выборах (elections). 4. Сколько вы уже будете здесь работать к тому времени, как выйдете на пенсию (retire)? 5. В следующем месяце исполнится 25 лет, как мы живем вместе. 6. К тому времени, как мы закончим эксперимент, он будет продолжаться 72 часа.

REVISION

Exercise 144. Choose the correct tense.

1. We (vaccinate / have been vaccinating) this herd for three hours already.

2. She (was waiting / has been waiting) for the nurse since morning.

3. He (was working / had been working) as a vet for twenty years before he retired.

4. We (will be investigating / will have been investigating) this case for three months by the end of the year.

Exercise 145. Put questions to the underlined words.

1. My mother has been suffering from a bad pain in the substernal area (за грудиной) for three hours. 2. The patient had been complaining of a considerable muscular pain before he was taken to the hospital. 3. By three o’clock the professor will have been delivering the lecture for half an hour.

TEST A

1. Choose the correct form of the verb.

1. The patient … of pain in the chest before the operation on his knee.

1. had complained b) complained c) has complained

2. Although the patient … the injections of antibiotics for several days she showed little improvement.

1. was receiving b) received c) had been receiving

3. By 3 o’clock tomorrow this young surgeon … his first operation.

1. will perform b) will have performed c) performs

4. This scientist just … his book on the function of the pancreas.

1. published b) had published c) has published

5. The blood count (анализ крови) …to normal since the operation.

1. was returning b) is returning c) has been returning

6. By 2018 we … our diplomas.

1. will have got b) will get c) get

7. The physician … lung cancer before X-ray examination finally confirmed the diagnosis.

1. suspected b) had suspected c) suspects

2. Fill in the gaps with SINCE or FOR.

1. I’ve been reading a book … I got up this morning.

2. Jane’s father has been a vet … twenty years.

3. She has been working at the Academy … April.

4. I have lived here … I was born.

5. Jane has been my best friend … our study at the Academy.

TEST B

1. Choose the correct form of the verb.

1. The patient … already his health and he can walk.

1. restored b) had restored c) has restored

2. The patient … numerous foci of inflammation (очаги воспаления) and discomfort in the chest before he underwent the course of treatment.

1. has had b) had c) had had

3. We … the doctor yet.

1. didn’t see b) hadn’t seen c) haven’t seen

4. The patient … of cough with purulent sputum since the time he applied to the hospital.

1. complained b) has been complaining c) was complaining

5. I hope that we … this set of experiments by the end of this year.

1. will have completed b) will complete c) complete

6. The physician … carefully all analysis before they started the first chemotherapy cycle.

1. had checked up b) checked up c) was checking

7. My sick pet and me …. for a veterinary surgeon since 10 o’clock.

1. have been waiting b) are waiting c) have waited

II . Fill in the gaps with SINCE or FOR.

1. She has been working in the Academy … three months.

2. I love my cat! I’ve had had it … ages.

3. Have you been learning English … a long time?

4. My father has been the manager of a vet firm … 2010.

5. I have known Jane … I entered the Academy.