There is/there are

Конструкция there is/there are используется для выражения наличия лица или предмета (факта или явления) в каком-то месте (времени). При этом используется следующий порядок слов:

There is /are + подлежащее + обстоятельство места обстоятельство времени

Перевод на русский язык таких конструкций начинается с конца, т.е. с обстоятельства места или времени.

There are many French books in this library.	В этой библиотеке много французских книг.
There is a telephone in this room.	В этой комнате есть телефон.
There are many apple-trees in the garden.	В саду много яблонь.
There are many people on the street.	На улице много людей.

Вопросительная и отрицательная формы Present Simple Tense

Are there many French books in this library?	No, there aren’t No, there are no French books in this library.
Is there a telephone in this room?	No, there isn’t. No, there is no telephone in this room.

При этом надо иметь в виду, что, если в качестве подлежащего употребляется существительное во множественном числе, то при нем может употребляться местоимение SOME в утвердительном предложении, и местоимение ANY в отрицательном и вопросительном предложениях. Эти же местоимения используются и с неисчисляемыми существительными (water, butter, cheese, money, rain и т.д.)

There are some flowers on the table.	На столе стоят цветы.
There aren’t any cups in the cupboard.	В шкафу нет чашек.
Are there any books on the shelf? Is there any water in the cup?	На полке есть книги? В чашке есть вода?

Exercise 22. Fill in the gaps with some or any.

1. There is … milk in the bottle. 2. There are … pears on the table. 3. There is … cheese in the fridge. 4. There are … tomatoes on the kitchen table. 5. There is … lemonade in the glass. 6.There are… cookies in the box. 7. Is there … butter left? 8. There isn’t … sugar in your tea. 9. There is … ice-cream for you. 10. Is there … money in your purse?

Exercise 23. Complete the sentences with the proper form of the verb to be.

1. There … a table in the corner. 2. There … some flowers on the window sill. 3. There … a photo on the table. 4. There … some pictures on the wall. 5. There … two magazines on the sofa.

Exercise 24. Think about the place where you live, and answer the questions.

1. Is there a clock in your room? 2. Are there any books there? 3. Is there a table in your room? 4. Is there an armchair? 5. Is there a TV set in your room? 6. Is there a window? 7. Is there a mirror? 8. Are there any flower pots?

Exercise 25. Here is the description of the kitchen. Read it and put as many questions to the text as possible. Make up your own story about your own kitchen (or any other room).

It’s a modern kitchen. It is nice and clean with a lot of cupboards. There is a washing machine, a fridge, and a cooker, but there isn’t a dishwasher. There are some lovely pictures on the walls, but there aren’t any photographs. There is a boom- box near the cooker. There are some oranges and apples on the dining table. And there are some cups and plates next to the sink.

Exercise 26. Ask questions to the following statements and answer them according to the model.

Model:

There is a good programme on TV tonight. - Is there a good programme on TV tonight? – No, there isn’t.

1. There is a cat in the window. 2. There are many glasses in the cupboard. 3. There isn’t anything on the plate. 4. There are many difficult exercises in this book. 5. There are six chairs in this room. 6. There are a lot of people at the stadium.

Exercise 27. Translate from Russian into English.

1. В этом журнале много интересных статей. 2. В нашем городе много музеев и театров. 3. В этой квартире есть телефон? 4. В этой комнате два окна. 5. Театр находится в центре города. 6. На столе лежит несколько книг.

Past Simple Tense There was/there were Вопросительная и отрицательная формы Was there a meeting at the Academy yesterday? (No, there wasn’t) Were there many people at the meeting yesterday? (No, there weren’t)

Future Simple Tense There will be Вопросительная и отрицательная формы Will there be a meeting at the Academy tomorrow? (No, there won’t) Will there be many people at the meeting tomorrow? (No, there won’t)

Exercise 28. Extend the statements according to the model. Use the suggested words.

Model:

There was a pen on the desk (black). It was black.

1. There was a lake in the distance (deep). 2. There were some cottages on the river bank (pretty). 3. There was a cat on the bench (black and white). 4. There were some cakes on the plate (tasty). 5. There were some cups on the table (blue) 6. There were some girls by the window (tall). 7. There were some boxes in the corner (heavy). 8. There were different flowers in the garden (beautiful).

Exercise 29. Fill in the gaps with some or any.

1. There were … pictures in the book. 2. Were there … boys in your group last year? 3. There were … old houses in our street three years ago. 4. There were … regular busses here a year ago. 5. There was … juice in the glass. 6. Were there … mistakes in your test? 7. Were there … eggs in the fridge? 8. Were there … English speakers at the meeting?

Exercise 30. Ask questions according to the pattern and give answers.

Model:

There will be a new house here (trees). Will there be any trees here? – Yes, there will be some.

1. There will be many apples on the trees this year (plums and pears).

2. There will be some changes in the text (diagrams).

3. There will be some interesting people at the party (John and Lisa).

4. There will be an interesting movie on TV tonight (talk show).

5. There will be many people at the concert (our favorite singers).

6. There will be many boats on the river in summer (tourist ships).