The Past Indefinite (Simple) Tense

Випадки вживання	Приклади
Дії, що відбувалися у минулому, або факт, що мав місце в минулому (показники минулого часу: last year, in 1999, yesterday, etc.)	I was awarded a Bachelor’s degree in 2000. – Я отримав диплом бакалавра в 2000 році.

Форма минулого часу для правильних дієслів утворюється додаванням закінчення –ed.

Відмінювання дієслова tо work (працювати) у Past Indefinite Tense правильні дієслова (дія відбувалася в минулому)
I worked  Не worked  She worked  It worked We worked  You worked  They worked		I did not work He did not work  She did not work It did not work We did not work,  You did not work They did not work
Did I work? Did he work? Did she work?  Did it work? Did we work?  Did you work?  Did they work?	Yes, I did Yes, he did Yes, she did Yes, it did Yes, we did Yes, you did Yes, they did		No, I didn’t No, he didn’t No, she didn’t No, it didn’t No, we didn’t No, you didn’t No, they didn’t

Відмінювання дієслова to write (писати) у Past Indefinite Tense неправильні дієслова (дія відбувалася в минулому)
I wrote Не wrote She wrote It wrote We wrote You wrote They wrote		I did not write He did not write She did not write It did not write We did not write You did not write They did not write
Did I write? Did he write? Did she write? Did it write? Did we write? Did you write? Did they write?	Yes, I did Yes, he did Yes, she did Yes, it did Yes, we did Yes, you did Yes, they did		No, I didn’t No, he didn’t No, she didn’t No, it didn’t No, we didn’t No, you didn’t No, they didn’t

The Future Indefinite (Simple) Tense

Випадки вживання	Приклади
Дія відбудеться у майбутньому (tomorrow, in a few days, next week, one day, etc.)	One day I’ll get married. – Колись я стану одруженим.

Відмінювання дієслова to work (працювати) у the Future Indefinite Tense (дія відбувається у майбутньому)
I shall work He will work She will work It will work We shall work You will work They will work		I shall not work He will not work She will not work It will not work We shall not work You will not work They will not work
Shall I work? Will he work? Will she work? Will it work? Shall we work? Will you work? Will they work?	Yes. I shall Yes, he will Yes, she will Yes, it will Yes, we shall Yes, you will Yes, they will		No, I shan’t No, he won’t No, she won’t No, it won’t No, we shan’t No, you won’t No, they won’t

Увага! В сучасній англійській мові для формування майбутнього часу дієслів у першій особі частіше використовується допоміжне слово will, а не shall. Наприклад: I will see him next week. We will join you soon.

Вправа 4. Перепишіть текст у минулому (майбутньому) часі.

Boris wakes up when it is already quite light. He looks at his watch. It is a quarter to seven. Boris jumps out of bed and runs to the bath. He has just time to take a cold shower and a cup of tea with bread and butter. He is in a hurry to catch the eight o’clock train. At the railway station he meets three other boys from his group. They all have small backpacks and fishing-rods. In less than an hour they get off the train at a small station near a wood. They walk very quickly and soon find themselves on the shore of a large lake. The boys spend the whole day there fishing, boating and swimming. They return home late at night, tired but happy.

Вправа 5. Розкрийте дужки, використовуючи дієслова в Present, Past або Future Indefinite.

1. I (to go) to bed at ten o’clock every day. 2. I (to go) to bed at ten o’clock yesterday. 3. I (to go) to bed at ten o’clock tomorrow. 4. I (not to go) to the cinema every day. 5. I (not to go) to the cinema yesterday. 6. I (not to go) to the cinema tomorrow. 7. You (to watch) TV every day? 8. You (to watch) TV yesterday? 9. You (to watch) TV in the evening? 10. When you (to leave) home for institute every day? 11. When you (to leave) home for institute yesterday? 12. When you (to leave) home for institute tomorrow? 13. My brother (to go) to work every day. He (to leave) home at a quarter past eight. As the office he (to work) at (to be) near our house, he (to walk) there. He (not to take) a bus. Yesterday he (not to go) to work. so he (to get) up at half past nine. 14. You (to have) a PT lesson yesterday? No, I ___. 15. What you (to buy) at the shop yesterday? – I (to buy) a book. 16. Yesterday my father (not to read) newspapers because he (to be) very busy. He (to read) newspapers tomorrow. 

Домашнє завдання

Вправа 6. Визначте часові форми дієслова в реченнях. Запишіть речення у питальній та заперечній формах. Перекладіть речення.

1. At last he gave the last kiss to well-wishers and got on deck. 2. These boys and girls will study at an English technical college in a year. 3. I will test the device tomorrow. 4. Teachers sometimes hang tables and diagrams before their lectures. 5. The students will go to the institute on the first of September. 6. He always waits for his girl-friend. 7. I translated this article 2 days ago. 8. My daughter left France at the age of 5. 9. The scientist made a very interesting experiment last week. 10. My father usually stays at this hotel.

Вправа 7. Дайте відповіді на запитання, користуючись зразками.

1. I like traveling by sea and you? – So do I.

2. He can’t stand sea voyages and you? – Neither сan I.

1. I don’t know our ports of call, and you? – І я також. 2. A friend of mine enjoys traveling by sea, and you? – І я також. 3. I had a nice trip last summer, and you? – І я також. 4. I am a poor sailor, and you? – І я також. 5. We’ll go sightseeing at every port of call, and you? – І я також. 6. I think a sea voyage is rather boring, and you? – І я також. 7. My brother prefers to travel by sea, and you? – І я також.

Вправа 8. Складіть розповідь про подорож одним з видів транспорту, використовуючи активні слова та словосполучення.