1. Read the following international words and give their Russian equivalents:

Formal, idea, group, computer, program, jargon, element, result, partner, expert, potential, visual, slide, engineer, aspect, project

2. Study the following text:

Business presentations

A presentation is a formal talk to one or more people that “presents” ideas or information in a clear, structured way. Preparing for a business presentation requires organization, research and proper planning. Not only do you need to keep your attendees engaged with relevant information, you must reassure and inspire them to take action once the presentation is over. To ensure a successful presentation, start planning as far in advance as possible.

First of all, define your main purpose for the presentation. Determine exactly what you want to accomplish in straightforward terms. Then learn more about your audience, including their goals, preferences, needs and interests. This helps tailor the presentation so the group responds well to your information. As an example, if you present information about a computer program to a group unfamiliar with programming, avoid technical jargon and use layman’s terms to get your point across.

Create a rough outline of how you plan to address your purpose. Set up clearly defined sections of your presentation, with an introduction, middle and conclusion that reaffirms your points.

Research and provide proof for each fact-based element of your presentation to lend credence to your assertions. You may find that if you discuss the previous year’s sales results you will want to include a chart of your individual results along with the specific actions leading to those results.

Prepare a list of possible questions you may be asked and jot down answers. Plan to bring partners or experts along with you to field potential questions about any issues on which you're not well-versed, such as a technical matter.

Rehearse your business presentation in front of someone familiar with your concept. Ask for suggestions on how to improve the presentation.

Schedule a meeting room or location at least a few weeks in advance of your business presentation and ensure that it has all the equipment you need.

It is very important to start a presentation in a good way because a good start will draw the attention of the public, makes them willing to listen and prepares them for what you’re about to tell. People like to know what to expect, especially in the case of presentations. They want to know what your presentation is about, how much time it takes, why you’re giving it and if or when they can ask questions. You could start like this. ‘This presentation is about recent developments in nanotechnology. I’d like to talk about this subject because of the great impact these developments can have on our future lives. The presentation takes about 20 minutes and there’s room for questions in the end.’

Now it’s time to introduce yourself. Briefly explain who you are and what you do and above all: why you and not someone else is doing this presentation. You could express your great interest in the subject or the experience you had with it. Just make sure the public can accept you as an expert, but don’t brag.

During the presentation you should consider your audience. Because your goal is to effectively convey information and in many cases, call the audience to action, you need a speaking style and delivery that engages people. A few common tactics include spreading eye contact throughout the room, walking around, eliciting audience participation, and sharing stories and illustrations.

A smart presenter tries to appeal to multiple senses. Because people have different learning styles, it helps to use both audio and visual aids and delivery to convey information. Some presenters go further and hand out samples of goods and props to bring a sense of touch to the presentation. Slides, handouts and other visual aids can enhance a presentation and make information -- particularly facts, figures and other details -- more accessible to visual learners.

Respect the time of your audience. Particularly in sales presentations where clients have no obligation and perhaps see no need to sit through a lengthy presentation, you must have a clear, concise message. A good presenter filters out unnecessary detail and delivers information and messages that are important and of interest to the audience. A 20-minute sales presentation that covers the highlights of a product, its technology and potential effect on a client’s operations can often be more effective than a detailed one that explains the technology and its development in detail, but takes an hour. If the audience doesn’t include curious scientists or engineers, a briefer presentation is more likely to succeed.

Ending a presentation well is just as important as having the right opening. As people will remember the end of your presentation best, it is a great opportunity to repeat and emphasize your main message. Make a short summary of what you said and give the conclusions. It can be helpful to think about the very last sentences in advance. Some nice, well spoken last words can ignite a good applause. For example: ‘…and that is why I believe this plan is the best, most effective and most attractive option! Thank you!’.

For most presentations, you’ll have to answer questions afterwards. Try to ask for questions in a graceful way. For example: ‘I hope I have been able to explain all aspects of our project. If there are any questions left, I’m very willing to answer them.’