Causative Agents of Botulism, Food Toxic Infection and Food Intoxications11

277. Material obtained from a patient suspected to have botulism is sent to bacteriological laboratory. What medium should be used to isolate the agent?

А. Kitt-Tarozzi medium.

В. 1% alkaline peptone water.

С. Endo agar.

D. Sotton medium.

Е. Löwenstein-Jensen medium.

278. A piece of home made dried fish that was likely to be the cause of severe food poisoning was sent to the bacteriological laboratory. On investigation, tennis racket-shaped microorganisms were isolated on Kitt-Tarozzi medium. For considerable proof of the diagnosis it was necessary to introduce the material to white mice through abdomen. What diagnosis did the doctor make?

А. Salmonellosis.

В. Botulism.

С. Cholera.

D. Shigellosis.

Е. Typhoid fever.

279. Feces of a child with enteritis are emulgated in physiological solution and the emulsion drop is plated on the selective medium: 10% milk-salt or yolk-salt agar. What microorganisms are supposed to be isolated?

А. Staphylococcus.

В. Escherichia coli.

С. Streptococcus.

D. Klebsiella.

Е. Enterococcus.

280. Having eaten tinned meat, a patient began to see objects doubled, developed splitting headache, swallow disturbances, difficult breathing, and muscular weakness. He was diagnosed with botulism. What pathogenic factors are related to this disease?

А. Haemolysin.

В. Exotoxin.

С. Endotoxin.

D. Plasmocoagulase.

Е. Fibrinolysin.

281. After eating tinned mushrooms, a patient developed symptoms of bulbar paralysis: he saw objects doubled, and had swallow disturbances. The preliminary diagnosis is botulism. With the help of what reaction is it possible to determine the type of toxin?

А. Agglutination reaction.

В. Precipitation reaction.

С. Complement fixation test.

D. Immunofluorescent test.

Е. Neutralisation test.

282. After eating home-made tinned meat, a student developed symptoms of food poisoning like Clostridium botulinum: diplopia, articulate speech disturbance and paralysis of breathing muscles. What is the cause of such symptoms of the disease?

А. Neurotoxin action.

В. C. botulinum invasion into intestinal epithelium.

С. Enterotoxin secretion.

D. Endotoxic shock.

Е. Adenil-cyclase activation.

283. After eating a cake which had been left on the table for 24 hours, a patient developed signs of acute intestinal poisoning 8 hours later. What microorganism could have been the cause of the disease?

А. Clostridium perfringens.

В. Escherichia coli.

С. Staphylococcus aureus.

D. Salmonella enterica.

Е. Clostridium botulinum.

284. Infectious disease agents produce exotoxins with different biological effect. Which of these toxins is activated in gastrointestinal tract?

А. Botulotoxin.

В. Haematoxin.

С. Histotoxin.

D. Tetanospasmin.

Е. Cholerogen.

285. After eating of tinned "Tourist’s breakfast", a 39-year-old patient was taken to hospital 10 hours later. His vomiting discharge, feces, blood, urine, and the rest of the food stuff were sent for bacteriological investigation. Gram positive bacilli creating tennis racket-shaped spores which grew at

35 °C on blood-liver agar in anaerobic conditions were detected in Kitt-Tarozzi medium. What microorganism is it?

А. Clostridium botulinum.

В. Fusobacterium nucleatum.

С. Clostridium novyi.

D. Bacillus subtilis.

Е. Bacillus cereus.

286. Investigation of low quality food stuff revealed mobile, Gram-negative bacilli with vertiginous growth in a shape of coal dust on MPA after 18 hours of cultivation. Isolates didn’t ferment lactose, but fermented glucose, maltose and sucrose producing acid and gas, hydrogen sulphide. What genus are the identified bacteria representatives of?

А. Escherichia.

В. Proteus.

С. Pseudomonas.

D. Salmonella.

Е. Shigella.

287. An outbreak of food toxic infection was registered among the citizens of a town who had eaten cakes. The rest of the cakes were investigated for pathogenic microorganisms. Which of the following microorganisms could most probably cause the disease?

А. Clostridium perfringens.

В. Escherichia coli.

С. Salmonella typhimurium.

D. Staphylococcus aureus.

Е. Salmonella enterica.

288. In the waters of Canadian lakes a great amount of Clostridium botulinum was isolated and in the focus of outbreak a number of deaths of waterfowl were observed. What kind of infection is it?

А. Sapronosis.

В. Anthroponosis.

С. Zoonosis.

D. Anthropozoonosis.

Е. Nosocomial.

289. On bacteriological investigation of vomiting mass, stomach washing waters and the rest of food, Gram-positive bacilli with round ends, polymorph, slow-mobile, anaerobic ones were isolated. Microorganisms colonized irregularly with extensions on glucose-blood agar, causing erythrocyte haemolysis and producing exotoxin. What agent was isolated?

А. Proteus vulgaris.

В. Bacteroides fragilis.

С. Clostridium perfringens.

D. Clostridium botulinum.

Е. Salmonella typhimurium.

290. It is necessary to provide express prophylaxis of botulism to a patient who has eaten contaminated food. What preparation should be used for this?

А. Placental γ (gamma) - globulin.

В. Monovalent botulinic antitoxic serum.

С. Polyvalent botulinic antitoxic serum.

D. Toxoid.

Е. Interferon.

291. After eating home-made tinned vegetables, 2 cases of poisoning typical for CNS infection (seeing objects doubled, swallowing pain, and aphonia) were recorded in a family. Name the probable food intoxication agent.

А. Staphylococcus.

В. Botulism agent.

С. Shigella.

D. Salmonella.

Е. Escherichia coli.

292. A disease manifested by acute nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea was registered among the children of a kindergarten after they had eaten cottage cheese. Microscopy of preparation made of cottage cheese and vomiting discharge revealed Gram-positive microorganisms arranged in grape clusters. What is it necessary to do next for the determination of food intoxication aetiology?

А. To make further bacteriological investigation.

В. To determine antibodies in blood serum additionally.

С. To make an additional skin allergic test.

D. To conclude that staphylococcus was the cause of the disease.

Е. To make investigation of kitchen items.

293. Identification of food toxic infectious agent proved that the agent was related to Salmonella genus due to biochemical properties. What feature allowed identification of the specific relation most precisely?

А. Antigen structure.

В. Study of sensitivity to antibiotics.

С. Pathogenesis for different species of laboratory animals.

D. Serological type of agent toxin.

Е. Phage typing.

294. having eaten cottage cheese, almost all the children of a kindergarten developed signs of gastroenteritis. Bacteriological test of vomiting discharge and the rest of cottage cheese revealed Staphylococcus aureus strains. What investigation should be performed for the establishment of the source of infection?

А. Phage typing of isolated strains.

В. Determination of toxic creation strain ability.

С. Investigation of kitchen equipment.

D. Establishment of antibodies in sick children.

Е. Skin allergic test.

295. A patient presented to hospital complaining of vomiting, nausea, seeing objects doubled, and difficult swallowing. Doctor suspected a case of botulism. What methods of diagnostics should be used to confirm the diagnosis?

А. Biological test and bacteriological method.

В. Skin allergic test and serological method.

С. Bacteriological and mycological methods.

D. Protozoological and microscopic methods.

Е. Bacteriological and microscopic methods.

296. Bacteriological investigation of food stuff (tinned quality) established the presence of microorganisms which created spores and seemed to be botulism agents. Characterize the main properties of Clostridium botulinum:

А. It is a tennis racket-shaped microorganism because of subterminal spore arrangement.

В. C. botulinum is an obligate aerobe bacterium.

С. C. botulinum forms a capsule in living organisms.

D. C. botulinum doesn’t produce exotoxin.

Е. C.botulinum is a mobile Gram-negative bacillus.

297. Bacteriological investigation of sour cream revealed strains of

Staphylococcus aureus culture. How can the aetiology of isolated culture of S. aureus be proved as food poisoning agent that attacked sour cream consumers?

А. Phage type determination.

В. Plasmocoagulase activity determination.

С. Haemotoxins determination.

D. Determination of saccharolytic properties.

Е. Lecithinase determination.

298. Tinned meat is investigated for the presence of botulism toxin in the bacteriological laboratory. Specimens of the investigated material and antitoxic A, B, E sera against botulism are introduced to experimental group of mice. A specimen without serum is introduced to control group of mice. What serological reaction was performed?

А. Neutralisation test.

В. Precipitation reaction.

С. Complement fixation test.

D. Agglutination reaction.

Е. Immune double diffusion technique.

299. A 35-year-old patient is complaining of progressive muscular weakness, slight deterioration, seeing objects doubled, "net" in front of the eyes, difficulty in swallowing food and thirst. 24 hours before he drank alcohol and ate tinned mushrooms. What preliminary diagnosis is it likely to be?

А. Botulism.

В. Salmonellosis.

С. Mushrooms poisoning.

D. Methyl spirit poisoning.

Е. Escherichiosis.

300. A patient is suspected of botulism since he manifests the signs of food toxic infection. It became clear from the past case history that poisoning took place during the jubilee celebration where tinned mushrooms and fish had been eaten. What biological preparation should be used for immediate prophylaxis of botulism?

А. Antibotulinic serum.

В. Antibotulinic tetratoxoid.

С. Antibotulinic tritoxoid.

D. Eubiotics.

Е. Gamma-globulin.

301. Examining the patient suspected of food toxic infection, doctor on duty noticed clinical features of botulism. The patient remembered the meals he had eaten the day before. What food stuff might have caused the infection by botulism agent?

А. Home-made tinned meat.

В. Baked cakes of private producer.

С. Sour cream from the local milk plant.

D. Strawberries from dacha plot.

Е. Fried dietetic eggs.