Facultative-anaerobic Gram-negative Enzymatic Rods – Causative Agents of Cholera9
233. What specific prophylaxis is provided in cholera focus?
А. Immunization by cholera vaccine.
В. Antibiotics that are introduced perorally.
С. Disinfection.
D. Cholera patients’ isolation and hospitalization.
Е. Intensification of sanitary supervision of food enterprises and reservoirs.
234. One of the stages to identify the isolated agent in the the patient suspected of cholera, is the establishment of monotrichial mobility. What method is used for it?
А. Loeffler’s staining method.
В. Stab culture into gel.
С. Method of "hanging" or "crushed" drop.
D. Stab culture into MPA.
Е. Growth of culture in peptone water.
235. Feces of a patient diagnosed with cholera were delivered to the laboratory of extremely dangerous infections. What method of bacteriological diagnostics should be used to prove or cancel the diagnosis?
А. Skin allergic test.
В. Bacterioscopic.
С. Biological.
D. Virological.
Е. Bacteriological.
236. Characterizing the strain isolated from the feces, bacteriologist used such phrases as Isaev-Pfeiffer phenomenon, O-serum, Yermolieva method, alkaline agar, and Diedonne medium. What do you think the isolated coproculture is?
А. Vibrio cholerae.
В. Shigella flexneri.
С. Streptococcus pyogenes.
D. Klebsiella pneumoniae.
Е. Vibrio parahaemolyticus.
237. During the first inoculation of investigated water on 1% alkaline peptone water, soft bluish film appeared on the medium surface 6 hours later. The agent of what disease are such cultural properties typical for?
А. Cholera.
В. Plague.
С. Tuberculosis.
D. Shigellosis.
Е. Pseudotuberculosis.
238. A patient complaining of persistant diarrhea and vomiting, muscle pain in legs, weakness, and nausea, was admitted to the infectious department. Having examined the patient, a doctor made preliminary diagnosis of cholera. How should the material from the patient be investigated to confirm the diagnosis as soon as possible?
А. Direct and indirect IFT.
В. Agglutination test.
С. Bacteriological method.
D. Serological method.
Е. Biological method.
239. Microscopic investigation of the material obtained from a patient with enteritis-type disease revealed Gram-negative, a bit curved rodlike bacteria stirred in concentrations which looked like fish flocks. On what nutrient medium should the patient’s feces be inoculated to isolate pure culture of the agent?
А. On MPA.
В. On Endo agar.
С. On MacConkey agar.
D. On blood agar.
Е. In 1% alkaline peptone water.
240. Microscopy of "crushed drop" stained by Gram on feces of a patient suspected to have cholera identified Gram-negative, a bit curved, and mobile bacilli. What additional investigation can be carried out for express diagnostics?
А. Phagolysis reaction.
В. Immune fluorescent test.
С. Microorganism fermentative activity determination.
D. Agglutination test.
Е. Precipitation test.
241. Vibrio cultures isolated from the feces and vomiting discharge of the patient suggested a case of cholera. What reaction can establish the causative agent of the disease?
А. Agglutination test with sera having antibodies to O-antigen.
В. Widal test.
С. Precipitation test.
D. Agglutination test with sera with antibodies to H-antigen.
Е. Passive haemagglutination test with erythrocyte antigen diagnosticum.
242. A patient suspected to have cholera is admitted to the infectious department. What basic investigative methods should be used to prove the diagnosis?
А. Skin allergic test.
В. Biological test.
С. Bacteriological.
D. Serological.
Е. Immunological.
243. An outbreak of diarrhea was registered in village N. Since there was a suspicion of cholera, patients’ feces were sent to the bacteriological laboratory for immediate proof of the assumption. What express methods should be used in the given case?
А. Immunofluorescent test, microagglutination test.
В. Immunofluorescent test, ring test.
С. Immunofluorescent test, complement fixation test.
D. Immunofluorescent test, agglutination test.
Е. Immunofluorescent test, precipitation test.
244. A patient with diarrhea is admitted to the infectious hospital. Bacteriological investigation of his feces revealed Gram-negative curved bacilli. What disease is it likely to be?
А. Cholera.
В. Typhoid fever.
С. Salmonella gastroenteritis.
D. Diphtheria.
Е. Intestinal plague.
245. Gram-negative comma-shaped bacteria were detected in the stroke of the patient’s feces. What properties should be investigated microscopically to obtain additional information of the identified microorganism?
А. Mobility.
В. Presence of capsule.
С. Spores.
D. Cysts.
Е. First fluorescence.
246. Pure culture of mobile, small, a bit curved Gram-negative bacilli, growing within 6 hours in 1% alkaline peptone water in a shape of soft blue film, was isolated in the material obtained from a patient with acute gastroenteritis. What organisms are characterized by such features?
А. Vibrios.
В. Spirochetas.
С. Clostridia.
D. Bacilli.
Е. Spirillas.
247. Rather mobile, a bit curved Gram-negative bacilli that produced positive reaction with Inaba diagnostic serum, were isolated from the patient’s vomiting discharge. What symptoms will the patient most probably develop without treatment?
А. Dehydration of the organism.
В. Bacteremia.
С. Endotoxic shock.
D. Skin eruption.
Е. Ulcers of small intestine.
248. In cholera pathogenesis exo- and endotoxin aggressive ferments play a considerable role. The main symptom of the disease is dehydration. Which of the following pathogenetic actions is the major cause of dehydration?
А. Adenyl-cyclase activation.
В. Neuramine acid chipping off.
С. Hyaluronic acid destruction.
D. Membrane phospholipids defect.
Е. Mucine destruction.
249. A 30-year-old male with profuse diarrhea and vomiting resulted in dehydration presented to the infectious hospital. Vibrio cholera was detected in the patient’s discharge. Which of the agent’s pathogenetic factors is most favorable for the development of the disease?
А. Exotoxin.
В. Endotoxin.
С. Plasmocoagulase.
D. Neuraminidase.
Е. Fibrinolysin.
250. For specific prophylaxis of cholera inactivated (killed) vaccine was used earlier, which appeared to be less effective. It was necessary to improve the properties of the vaccine. What antigen of Vibrio cholerae should be added to make the vaccine more effective?
А. Cholerogen-toxoid.
В. Cholera endotoxin.
С. Cholera H-antigen.
D. Cholera species antigen.
Е. Cholera type antigen.
251. Parenteral introduction of cholera vaccine is often ineffective. Enteral chemical bivalent vaccine consisting of toxoid and somatic type antigens was offered. Why was enteral introduction of this vaccine beneficial?
А. Because of the formation of local immunity.
В. Because of the formation of general immunity.
С. Because of the formation of antitoxic immunity.
D. Because of the formation of antibacterial immunity.
Е. Because of the formation of specific type of immunity.
252. In one of the sea ports, 30 cases of acute intestinal infection followed by profuse diarrhea, vomiting, and severe dehydration were registered. Fecal discharge looked like "rice water stool". What disease was it likely to be?
А. Cholera.
В. Typhoid fever.
С. Shigellosis.
D. Plague.
Е. Salmonellosis.
253. A patient, who has recently come from India, is admitted to infectious department with a suspicion of cholera. Which of the following methods can be used for express diagnostics of cholera?
А. Microscopic.
В. Skin allergic.
С. Biological.
D. Bacteriological.
Е. Serological.
254. Lake water used for every day purposes was tested in the regional bacteriological laboratory. During bacteriological inoculation pure culture of Vibrio cholerae was isolated. What nutrient medium was used for investigation?
А. 1% alkaline peptone agar.
В. MPB.
С. MPA.
D. Endo agar.
Е. Triple Sugar Iron agar.
255. Typical mobility of microorganisms is observed during investigation of negative material containing cholera agent by means of phase-contrast and dark field illumination. What particularities of microbe cell is the mobility of the agent associated with?
А. Microorganism is monotrichous.
В. Microorganism is peritrichous.
С. Microorganism is spirilla.
D. Microorganism has cilia.
Е. Microorganism has fimbria.
256. For specific systematic prophylaxis of cholera it is necessary to choose the proper vaccine. Consequently, biotype of Vibrio cholerae causing the disease within recent years is to be identified. This biotype is:
А. V. cholerae, eltor.
В. V. cholerae, metschnikovii.
С. V. cholerae, cholerae (V. cholerae, classic).
D. V. cholerae, albensis.
Е. V. cholerae, proteus.
257. Determination of Vibrio cholerae serotype can be used to identify a selected strain and to predict the epidemiological situation. How can it be performed?
А. With the help of agglutination test with choleric O-specific and choleric type specific sera.
В. With phagolysis by Mukherjee.
С. Through studying biochemical properties of Heiberg.
D. By definition the sensitivity of Vibrio cholerae to polymyxin.
Е. Through agglutination reaction with chicken erythrocyte.
258. Vomiting discharge of a patient suspected to have cholera is sent to the bacteriological laboratory. Pathologic material was utilized for "hanging drop" preparation. What method of microscopy is used to identify the causative agent through its mobility?
А. Phase-contrast microscopy.
В. Electrone microscopy.
С. Immunoelectrone microscopy.
D. Fluorescent microscopy.
Е. Immersion microscopy.
259. Vomiting mass of a patient suspected to have cholera was sent to the bacteriological laboratory. Pathological material produced "hanging drop" in the dark field illumination. Dark field illumination made it possible to determine the mobility of a pathogen as an important diagnostic sign. What substance had to be processed for microscopic observation?
А. None.
В. Luminescent serum.
С. Bleach solution.
D. Methylene blue solution.
Е. Alkaline peptone water.
260. Microscopy of the patient’s vomiting mass revealed slightly curved Gram-negative bacilli identified as Vibrio cholerae. What test is likely to differentiate classical biotype of Vibrio cholerae from El Tor biotype?
А. Growth of bacteria on agar with polymyxin.
В. Reaction of agglutination test with O1 choleric serum.
С. Fermentation of lactose.
D. Growth on 1% alkaline peptone agar.
Е. Viewed "fish flocks" at microscopy.
261. An 18-year-old girl from rural India developed diarrhea with fluid loss up to 8 liters a day. What microorganism might cause the disease?
А. Vibrio cholerae.
В. Campylobacter jejuni.
С. Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli.
D. Salmonella typhi.
Е. Shigella dysenteriae.
262. Microscopy of the vomiting mass of a patient with acute gastroenteritis yields Gram-negative microorganisms in slightly curved sticks. What experimental method will identify the pathogen as Vibrio cholerae?
А. Study of antigenic and biochemical properties.
В. Identification of enzyme pathogenicity.
С. Determination of toxigenic properties in precipitation reaction.
D. Determination of sensitivity to antibiotics.
Е. Infective material from the patient or laboratory animals.
263. What is the express method of diagnostics that helps to make an adequate laboratory diagnosis of cholera based on?
А. Biological characteristics of Vibrio cholerae.
В. Protection of Vibrio cholerae in the studied material.
С. Presence of several serotypes.
D. Undemanding to growth media.
Е. Cultural properties.
264. The onset of the decease is accompanied by convulsions, signs of dehydration of the organism and rice water stool from the small intestine. Mucous coat is swollen and haemorrhagic. What infectious disease is characterized by such clinical features?
А. Cholera.
В. Plague.
С. Anthrax.
D. Influenza.
Е. Typhoid fever.
