7. Fill in the box. Use the most appropriate words in the sentences below.

Verb	Noun	Adjective
		opposing
	motivation
	responsibility
threaten
		incapable
relate
manage
	achievement
		manufacturing
	satisfaction

1. The manager … his employees that they can lose their job, and they started to work more efficiently.

2. Mostly people are … by high salary.

3. When I started to work in a bank, I was … of taking … for myself.

4. Does your work bring you any …?

5. What products were … in your country last year?

6. People with little self-discipline do not look for responsibility and … at work.

7. Both theories have … , people who are of quite different opinion.

_________________

Pre-reading task:

1. Match the following words and word combinations with their Ukrainian equivalents.

1) labour relations	a) оплачувана відпустка;
2) job security	b) трудові відносини;
3) benefit	c) стимул;
4) sick pay	d) визнання;
5) paid holidays	e) страхова допомога;
6) incentive	f) надійність роботи;
7) recognition	g) виплата за бюлетенем по хворобі;
8) office staff	h) офісні працівники;
9) repetitive job	i) ротація;
10) job rotation	j) нудна робота.

Another well-known theorist of the psychology of work, Frederick Herzberg, has argued that good working conditions are not sufficient to motivate people.

2. Read the text and find out why. Text b

“Satisfiers” and “Motivators”

It is logical to suppose that things like good labour relations, good working conditions, job security, good wages, and benefits such as sick pay, paid holidays and a pension are incentives that motivate workers. But in The Motivation to Work, Frederick Herzberg argued that such conditions – or ‘hygiene factors’ – do not in fact motivate workers. They are merely ‘satisfiers’ – or, more importantly, ‘dissatisfies’ where they do not exist. Workers who have them take them for granted. As Herzberg put it, ‘A reward once given becomes a right’. ‘Motivators’, on the contrary, include things such as having a challenging and interesting job, recognition and responsibility, promotion and so on. Unless people are motivated, and want to do a good job, they will not perform well.

However, there are and always will be plenty of boring, repetitive and mechanical jobs, and lots of unskilled workers who have to do them. How can managers motivate people in such jobs? One solution is to give them some responsibilities, not as individuals but as part of a team. For example, some supermarkets combine office staff, the people who fill the shelves, and the people that work on the checkout tills into a team and let them decide what product lines to stock, how to display them, and so on. Other employers encourage job rotation, as doing four repetitive jobs a day is better than doing only one. Many people now talk about the importance of a company’s shared values or corporate culture, with which all the staff сan be identified: for example being the best hotel chain, or hamburger restaurant chain, or airline, or making the best, safest, most user-friendly, most ecological or most reliable products in a particular field. Unfortunately, not all the competing companies in an industry can seriously claim to be the best.