- •Письменный перевод для инженеров Technical English Translation
- •Тема 1. Лексические вопросы перевода
- •XXIV. Сравните оригинал и перевод. Определите трансформации, использованные при переводе: civil engineering
- •Railway construction
- •Machine building
- •Traffic management
- •Information systems and technologies
- •XXV. Определите уровни эквивалентности, опираясь на перевод:
- •Тема 2. Грамматические вопросы перевода
- •I. Define form and function of non-finite forms of the verb and translate the following sentences:
- •XXXV. Suggest Russian translation to English Idioms:
- •Analysis and translation of simple sentence
- •Sentence structure
- •II. Analyze and translate the following attributive phrases:
- •Analysis and translation of composite sentence
- •I. Analyze and translate the following sentences:
- •2. At the beginning of the century scientists succeeded in breaking the tiny nucleus of an atom by attacking it with even tinier particles propelled at enormous speeds.
- •3. The size of atoms varies, depending upon the number of electrons revolving around the nucleus.
- •4. Anything that destroys the hydrogen ion by combining with or destroying its positive charge is said to neutralize the acid.
- •5. We find the condenser to be, on the whole, two conductors separated by a dielectric medium or an insulating material.
- •6. The unit of heat is called a calorie, the word calorie coming from the latin word calor which means heat.
- •7. The most active metals combine directly with hydrogen when heated in its presence.
- •8. A steam turbine is known to operate by means ot heat which it derives from steam and which it converts into mechanical work.
- •9. An elastic body is one that tends to return to its original shape when the deforming force is removed.
- •10. In the processes taking place in a nuclear reactor leading to the release of atomic energy, it is only the atomic nuclei, which are involved while the electrons may be neglected.
- •11. A farad being too large a unit for practical use, a microfarad is generally employed for measuring capacity.
- •12. It should be kept in mind that molecules, atoms, and electrons are all so small that the most powerful microscope in the world is insufficient to reveal them.
- •13. Some of the oxides do not appear to react with water at all.
- •14. The atoms, which form the molecules, are, of course, smaller than the molecules, the electrons of which the atoms are composed being still smaller.
- •15. Measurements made on rocks containing radioactive elements can be interpreted to provide rough values of the age of the earth.
- •Тема 3. Стилистические вопросы перевода
- •Subjective recommendations
- •Stylistic tips
- •Individual shortcomings of authors’ articles
- •Тема 4. Перевод и реферирование текстов
- •Designing Environmentally Friendly Communities
- •Diners May Be Willing to Pay More to Eat at 'Green' Restaurants
- •Mechanical Metallurgy Examples
- •Характеристика режущих инструментов
- •Bridge rebuilding will mean changes for Metra commuters
- •Тенденции года 2012
Traffic management
RAILWAY ENGINEERING OF THE 21-st CENTURY
At present railway transport becomes the key infrastructural element of the national economy. Its rapid growth stimulates the ever-increasing demand for the freight and passenger transportation and for improved rail services – in comfort, speed, quality, reliability, safety and efficiency. The scientific progress in railway engineering will facilitate more intensive and up-to-date processes in the development of railways and will be a sort of a motive power of the whole transport system. Much of the technology behind high-speed rail is an improved application of standard gauge rail technology using overhead electrification by building a new rail infrastructure with 21-st century engineering which includes elimination of structures such as roadway at grade crossings, frequent stops and curves. |
В настоящее время железнодорожный транспорт становится главным инфраструктурным элементом народного хозяйства. Его быстрый рост стимулирует все возрастающее требование к грузовым и пассажирским перевозочным процессам и улучшенному обслуживанию на железной дороге - удобству, скорости, качеству, надежности, безопасности и эффективности. Научный прогресс в строительстве и эксплуатации железных дорог будет способствовать более интенсивным и современным процессам и станет движущей силой всей транспортной системы. При строительстве новой инфраструктуры железных дорог с инженерией 21 века за высокоскоростными железными дорогами стоит применение усовершенствованной технологии для стандартной колеи, которая включает устранение таких сооружений, как пересечение пути на одном уровне, частые остановки и крутизну. |
Information systems and technologies
STATISTICS
The branch of mathematics concerned with collecting and interpreting data is called statistics The data are often collected by interviewing a sample group of people who are meant to represent the whole population. If the sample group has been put together carefully, the findings should be fairly accurate for the entire population. The information gained from the sample group can be very useful to government agencies and businesses, helping them find out tastes, opinions, and the probable outcome of events.
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Отрасль математики, занимающаяся сбором и интерпретацией данных, называется статистикой. Часто сбор данных производится путем опроса выбранной группы людей, которая, по предположению, представляет все население. Если члены группы тщательно отобраны, результаты должны быть довольно точными для всего населения. Полученная от выбранной группы информация может оказаться весьма полезной для правительственных органов и деловых кругов, помогая им выявить вкусы, мнения и вероятный исход каких-либо событий. |