Vocabulary

trickle - течь

trap -удерживать, улавливать; поглощать

mph - miles per hour

flung – past oт fling – метать, бросать,

marvel – изумляться

oscillate – [‘osileit] – качаться, колебаться,

i’mmensely – чрезвычайно

hygroscopic [,haigrə’skopik]- гигроскопичный

sturdy – прочный, крепкий,

agitate – трясти, взбалтывать

Exercise 1

Find Russian equivalents to the following words in the text. Learn them by heart.

Включать, выключать, лоток/желоб, наполнять, измерять, поступающий, стекать, избавиться, опустошить, крохотный, вращение, центрифуга, отличать, ткань, бесконечный, вероятность, недостаток, огромный, чрезмерно, ослабевать, растягивать, прочный, выдерживать/терпеть

Exercise 2

Which words from Exercise 1 are coded here?

arty, bawradck, tcherst, ominngic, nardi, ingsnipn, nyit, barfic, sumerae, durtys

Exercise 3

Match the beginnings of the word combinations to their endings

1) switch 2) get rid 3) fill 4) switch 5) put up

a) of b) with c) off d) on e) up

Exercise 4

Match two parts of the sentences

1) Please switch the lights off 2) The electricity has been switched off, 3) We got rid of 4) He brought her breakfast in bed 5)  A ship's speed is measured 6) He filled up 7) This is the one major drawback 8) I'm not going to put up 9) Soft, springy materials like rubber and skin don't tear easily 10) The president was 11) He gazed up at her

a) the tank with oil. b) all the old furniture. c) with huge brown eyes. d) so I can’t watch TV now. e) in knots. f) with their smoking any longer. g) on a tray. h) as you leave. i) immensely popular j) because they stretch before breaking apart. k) of the new system.

Exercise 5

Make the underlined sentences negative and interrogative. Use grammar references.

Lesson 7 What is 3d printing? Part 1

3D printing or additive manufacturing is a process of making three dimensional solid objects from a digital file. The creation of a 3D printed object is achieved using additive processes. In an additive process an object is created by laying down successive layers of material until the entire object is created. Each of these layers can be seen as a thinly sliced horizontal cross-section of the eventual object.

How does 3d printing work?

It all starts with making a virtual design of the object you want to create. This virtual design is made in a CAD (Computer Aided Design) file using a3D modeling program (for the creation of a totally new object) or with the use of a 3D scanner (to copy an existing object). A 3D scanner makes a 3D digital copy of an object.

3d scanners use different technologies to generate a 3d model such as time-of-flight, structured / modulated light, volumetric scanning and many more.

Recently, many IT companies like Microsoft and Google enabled their hardware to perform 3d scanning, a great example is Microsoft’s Kinect. This is a clear sign that future hand-held devices like smartphones will have integrated 3d scanners. Digitizing real objects into 3d models will become as easy as taking a picture. Prices of 3d scanners range from very expensive professional industrial devices to 30 USD DIY devices anyone can make at home.

To prepare a digital file for printing, the 3D modeling software “slices” the final model into hundreds or thousands of horizontal layers. When the sliced file is uploaded in a 3D printer, the object can be created layer by layer. The 3D printer reads every slice (or 2D image) and creates the object, blending each layer with hardly any visible sign of the layers, with as a result the three dimensional object.