Oxytocine main effects:

• uterus contractions stimulation (especially pregnant one);

• milk releasing stimulation;

• diuretic and natriuretic action, water-salt metabolism regulation;

• drink behaviour regulation;

• adenohypophyseal hormones secretion increasing;

• participation in forgetting processes;

• hypotensive effect.

Vasopressine main effects:

• water reabsorbtion activation in kidney;

• sodium-uresis increasing;

• vessels smooth myocytes contraction stimulation;

• dypsia center stimulation;

• participation in memorizing mechanisms;

• taking part in thermoregulation mechanisms;

• participation in neuroendocrine functions and autonomic nervous system regulation as mediator;

• participation in biological rhythms organization;

• taking part in emotional behaviour;

• osmotic pressure regulation.

Glucocorticoids effects-1

Antiinflammatory effects:

• lyzosomes membranes stabilization, proteolytic enzymes exit inhibiting;

• capillaries permeability and leucocytes exit decreasing;

• antibodies production reducing;

• antihistaminic effect.

Haematologic effects;

• lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils and basophils content decreasing in blood due to their transfer to the tissues (bone marrow, lymphatic nodes) during lymphoid tissue destruction;

• neutrophils number increasing due to their exit from bone marrow;

• erythrocytes number increasing because of erythropoiesis stimulation.

Glucocorticoids effects-2

3. hormones excessiveness antigrowth effects:

   • calcitriol effects, fibroblasts mitosis, collagen decomposition inhibiting up to osteoporosis;

   • wounds repair inhibiting due to fibroblasts proliferation decreasing and connective tissue reduction;

   • somatotropine secretion inhibiting;

   • myoatrophy and weakness;

4. glomerular filtration velocity stimulation;

5. stomach secretion stimulation, HCl releasing increasing, mucocytes number and mucus production decreasing – ulcerogenic effect;

6. prolonged excessiveness can lead to euphoria, psychotic, paranoyal and depressive states.

Glucocorticoids effects-3

Vascular effects:

• creation the possibility to make catecholamines vasoconstrictory effect;

• supporting normal arterial pressure and blood volume due to vessels sensitivity support to vaso-active agents;

• vascular permeability decreasing;

adaptive effects:

• catecholamines synthesis increasing;

• participation in stress mechanism;

• homeostasis support.

Glucocorticoids metabolic effects

Carbohydrate exchange – contrinsular action:

• hyperglycaemia;

• glyconeogenesis;

• glucose transport inhibiting in muscular and fatty tissue;

• compensatory hyperinsulinemia at hyperglycemia;

• glycogenogenesis.

Proteinic exchange:

catabolic effect:

• proteins decomposition in muscular, epithelial and lymphoid tissues;

• aminoacids coming to blood and liver;

• urea production and nitrogen excretion activation;

• negative nitrogenic equilibrium;

anabolic effect – enzymes and some proteins synthesis in liver;

antianabolic effect – proteins synthesis (de novo) inhibiting in liver at translation.

Lipid (fatty) exchange:

• lipolytic effect in tissues;

• hyperlipidemia and hypercholesterolemia;

• ketogenesis activation in liver;

• lipogenesis stimulation and fat redistribution activation in fatty tissue of trunk central axe and face;

• appetite and fat consumption stimulation.