- •1. Basic properties and functions of biological membranes.
- •2. Transport of substance through membrane.
- •3. Methods of research of structure and functions of biological membranes: optical microscopy, electronic microscopy
- •4. Methods of research of structure and functions of biological membranes: method of diffraction of X-rays radiation, luminescent methods, nuclear magnetic resonance research
- •5. Potential of rest:
- •6. Potential of action.
- •7. Properties of liquids.
- •8. Superficial tension. Method of falling drops.
- •10. Sensors. Kinds of sensors.
- •11. Application of sensors.
- •9. The general scheme of transfer and registration of the information. Electrodes.
- •14. Kinds of X-rays.
- •16. Law of weakening of X-rays.
- •17. Methods of using of X-rays in medicine.
- •18. Structure of a nucleus, nuclear forces. Energy of connection of nucleons.
- •19. Radioactivity. Kinds of radioactive disintegrations.
- •20. The basic law of radioactive disintegration. A half-life period.
- •21. Ionizing radioactive radiation and its biological action.
- •22. The absorbed and exposition doze. Power of a doze.Relative biological efficiency.
- •23. Heart. Biophysical property of heart.
- •24. Rhythm of heart. Parameters of cardiac activity.Heart tones.
- •25. Electric activity of cells of a myocardium.
- •26. The electrocardiogram. Main assignments of ecg.
- •27. Basic peaks of ecg.
- •28. Imposing of electrodes at ecg. Main assignments.
- •30. Basic rhythms of eeg.
- •31. Technique of record of electroencephalogram.
- •32. Methods of research of electroencephalograms. Magnetoencephalography.
- •33. Luminescence and its kinds.
- •34. Stimulated radiation. Laser.
- •35. Mechanisms of action of laser radiation on biological tissues.
- •36. Aplication of laser radiation in medicine. (lilr, hilr)
- •38. Dispersion of light.
- •40. Law of Buger-Lambert-Ber. Optical density and transparency of substance.
- •41. Method of determination of substance concentration. Method of the caliber graph, method of comparison.
- •42. Polarization of light by bio-systems. Light natural and polarized.
- •43. Phenomenon of double refraction. Dichroism.
- •44. Research of microstructures in polarizing light.
- •45. Rotation of a plane of fluctuations of polarized light.
- •46) Special methods of light microscopy. Method of a dark field.Method of a light field.
- •47) Method of phase contrast. Polarizing microscopy.
- •48) The method interference contrast. Method of research in a view of a luminescence.
- •49) Device of a microscope. Characteristics of microscope.
- •50) Kinds of muscles and its properties.
- •51) Contractive apparatus of the muscles.
- •52) Basic provisions of model of sliding strings.
- •53) Biomechanics of a muscle.
- •54) Electromechanical interface in muscles.
- •55) Stages of a breath. Gas exchange in lungs.
- •56) Surfactant, its importance.
- •57) Biomechanics of external breath.
- •58) Ventilation of lungs. Act of inhalation, act of exhalation.
- •59) Elastic draft of lungs.
- •60) Pulmonary resistance. Extensibility.Minute volume of breath.
- •61) Bernoulli’s equation. Static and dynamics pressure.
- •62) Viscosity of liquid. Laminar and turbulent fluid flow.
- •63) Current of a liquid on a horizontal pipe. Puazal’s law.
- •64) Definition of speed of blood-groove.
- •65) Physical bases of rheography.
- •66) Hemodynamics. Linear and volumetric speed of blood-groove.
- •67) Physical model of vascular system.
- •68) Measurement of pressure of blood.
- •69) Systolic, diastolic, pulse pressures. Pulse wave.
- •70) Work of heart.
- •71) Systolic and minute volume of a blood-groove.
- •72) Biophysical features of an aorta. Arterial and venous pulse.
- •73) Introscopy, its kinds.
- •74) Computer tomograph.
- •75) Magnetic-resonant tomography.
- •76) Ultrasonic (Ultrasonic diagnostics).
- •77) Influence of electromagnetic fields. Diathermy, darsonvalism, inductothermy, uhf-therapy.
- •78) Physiotherapy. Ultrasonic therapy, microwave therapy.
- •79) Amplipulse therapy, microcurrent therapy, magnetotherapy.
- •80) Mobility of ions. Electrophoresis its kinds.
- •81) Medicinal electrophoresis.
- •82) Galvanizing.
- •83) Electrosecurity.
- •84) Primary stages of photobiological processes.
- •85) Photochemical reactions.
- •86) Chemiluminescence and its diagnostic importance.
- •87) Migration of energy.
- •88) Action of ultra-violet radiation on proteins and nucleonic acids.
- •89) Modelling. The basic stages of modeling.
- •90) Modelling. Classification of models.
76) Ultrasonic (Ultrasonic diagnostics).
Ultrasound is the most modern, and also one of the most informative methods of diagnostics of the majority of diseases, including gynecology. In what advantage of ultrasonic before other, not less modern methods of diagnostics? Absolute harmlessness for the patient is basic advantage of ultrasonic. It does not render any harmful influences on an organism, there is no beam loading.
The method of ultrasonic - diagnostics takes leading positions in diagnostics of the majority of diseases of bodies of a belly cavity, urination systems, a thyroid gland, salivary and mammary glands, heart. Probably, it is easier to tell, where use of ultrasonic is impossible or is limited.
77) Influence of electromagnetic fields. Diathermy, darsonvalism, inductothermy, uhf-therapy.
The organism of the person is subject to influence of electromagnetic fields (EMF). Living tissues test biological effects of EMF. EMF interacts only with such physical environments at which there are free or connected electric charges. In the environments containing charges of both types, EMF creates a current of conductivity, and a current of displacement which at the big frequency of a field becomes greater.
At diathermy on the naked site of a body two lead plates connected with a therapeutic contour of the lamp generator are imposed.
At darsonvalism It is possible to take such current by means of an oscillatory contour with the automatic breaker. In this case there are electromagnetic fluctuations in the form of impulses.
At inductothermy the site of a body is located inside of coils of the solenoid connected to a therapeutic contour of the generator.
The UHF-therapy, the most widespread electromedical method, represents influence on tissues of a body sick person of an electric field of ultrahigh frequency.
78) Physiotherapy. Ultrasonic therapy, microwave therapy.
Physiotherapy - the area of medicine studying physiological and medical action of natural and artificial physical factors, developing methods of their use with the preventive and medical purposes; set of physical methods of treatment and their practical application.
Ultrasonic therapy is a medical application of mechanical fluctuations of ultrahigh frequency.
Microwave therapy is one of the basic methods of electrotreatment at which the patient is irradiated by electromagnetic waves of the microwave range, using energy of an electromagnetic field of the microwave of small capacity.
79) Amplipulse therapy, microcurrent therapy, magnetotherapy.
Currents of average frequency: a bipolar current of average frequency - amplipulse therapy, currents of average frequency for muscular stimulation.
Microcurrent therapy - a complex method of influence on an organism the modulated impulses of an electric current of midget amplitude.
The magnetotherapy is an application of constant, variable or pulse low-frequency magnetic fields in the medical purposes.