Nauryz holiday

1. Guess the meaning of the following words

Spring arrival

Rebirth

Celebration, celebrate

Leather

Handcrafted

Generously

Jewellery

Steppe tales

Foreigner

Carry on

2. Watch the video and answer the questions

1. What do people celebrate on Nauryz holiday?

2. What is Nauryz initially known as?

3. What national instruments are mentioned in the video?

4. What people provide their guests with on Nauryz celebration?

5. What is Nick’s impression about Kazakhstan?

6. How many days is Nauryz celebrated?

7. What are the main Nauryz traditions?

8. What are the ingredients of Nauryz-kozhe?

9. What is Kazakh national jewellery usually made of?

3. Discuss in pairs

1. How do your family celebrate Nauryz?

2. What is your favorite Nauryz tradition?

Writing

Write a short essay answering the question

Is it important to celebrate traditional holidays in our modern world? Why?

Task for Individual work

Prepare report/ presentation on one of the state or national holidays in Kazakhstan

Module 2 Unit 9

GRAMMAR

Sequence of Tenses. Reported Speech in statements

1 We use reported speech to report what someone has said without using their exact words.

When we change direct speech to reported speech, we often make the verb form go one tense back.

E.g. “Anar lives in Astana”, said Gulnar.

Gulnar said that Anar lived in Astana.

Tenses usually change like this: present >past;will>would;

past simple / present perfect> past perfect

Some modal verbs change, e.g. can>could, may>might,

must>had to. Other modal verbs stay the same,e.g. could, might, should,etc.

2. The pronouns often change.

“I am tired,” she said.

She said she was tired. (I----------He/She)

“We are upset,” they said.

They said they were upset. (We ------They)

“You are late,” he said.

He said he was late. (You------I)

3. Time expressions often change.

“I saw Tom yesterday.”

He said he had seen Tom the day before.

here - there

this –that

these –those

now -then, at that moment

today –that day

yesterday -the day before/the previous day

a year ago –a year before

last night –the previous day

Indirect speech with and without tense changes.

There is no tense change if:

1. the reporting verb is in the present tense(e.g. says, asks).

“The train will be late.” He says the train will be late.

“I come from Spain.” She says she comes from Spain.

1. The reported speech is about something that is still true.

“Rain forests are being destroyed.”

She told him that rain forests are being destroyed.

“ I hate football.”

I told him I hate football.

Exercises

a) Somebody says something to you which is the opposite of what they said before. Write a suitable answer beginning I thought you said ....

1. A: That restaurant is expensive.

B: is It? _I thought you said it was cheap._

2. A: Ann is coming to the party tonight.

B: Is she? I thought you said she ---

3. A: Ann likes Paul.

B: Does she? I thought ---

4. A: I know lots of people.

B: Do you? I thought you said you ---

5. A: I'll be here next week.

B: Will you? ---

6. A: I'm going out this evening.

B: Are you? ---

7. A: I can speak a little French.

B: Can you? ---

8. A: I haven't been to the cinema for ages.

B: Haven't you? ---

b) 1 Yesterday you met a friend of yours, Charlie. Here are some of the things Charlie said to you:

1. I'm living in London now.

2. My father isn't very well.

3. Sharon and Paul are getting married next month.

4. Margaret has had a baby.

5. I don't know what Fred is doing.

6. I saw Helen at a party in June and she seemed fine.

7. I haven't seen Diane recently.

8. I'm not enjoying my job very much.

9. You can come and stay at my flat if you are ever in London.

10. My car was stolen a few weeks ago.

11. I want to go on holiday but I can't afford it.

12. I'll tell Ann I saw you.

Later that day you tell another friend what Charlie said. Use reported speech.

1. _Charlie said that he was living in London now._

2. He said that ---

3. He ---

4. ---

5. ---

6. ---

7. ---

8. ---

9. ---

10. ---

11. ---

12. ---

READING

Pre reading task

Holiday Questionnaire

1. Which national holiday do you feel is unique to your own country?

2. What does the country celebrate on this holiday?

3. Name three traditions that are associated with this holiday.

4. Name three activities that people in your country do on this holiday. 

Thanksgiving is a very American holiday. It is also called Thanksgiving Day. It is celebrated on the fourth Thursday in November every year. It used to be a religious holiday to give thanks to God. There are two versions of the origins of this holiday. One is thanks for the early settlers arriving in America safely. On December the 4th, 1619, a group of English pioneers arrived at a place called Berkeley Hundred, in Virginia. The group made a promise that the day of their arrival should be a "day of thanksgiving" to God. The second version is the thanks given to Native Americans for teaching the pilgrims how to catch eels and grow corn in Plymouth, Massachusetts. In 1941, President Roosevelt made Thanksgiving a federal holiday.

The main event of any Thanksgiving is the Thanksgiving dinner. It is traditional to have baked or roasted turkey. This is usually accompanied with mashed potatoes, sweet potatoes, fall vegetables, cranberry sauce, and gravy. Pumpkin pie is the most commonly eaten dessert. The Thanksgiving holiday weekend is one of the busiest times of the year for traveling. It is a four-day or five-day weekend vacation for most schools and colleges, and many businesses and government workers get three or four days off. Thanksgiving is also the unofficial signal for Christmas preparations to begin. Once Thanksgiving finishes, stores fill their shelves with Christmas goods. It is also a bad time to be a turkey.

Post reading task

1. PUT THE TEXT BACK TOGETHER

Number these lines in the correct order.

( )	Native Americans for teaching the pilgrims how to catch eels and grow
( )	of the year for traveling. It is a four-day or five-day weekend vacation for most schools and
( 1 )	Thanksgiving is a very American holiday. It is also called Thanksgiving Day. It is celebrated on the
( )	The main event of any Thanksgiving is the Thanksgiving dinner. It is traditional to have baked or roasted
( )	fourth Thursday in November every year. It used to be a religious holiday to give thanks to God. There are two versions
( )	1619, a group of English pioneers arrived at a place called Berkeley Hundred, in Virginia. The group made a promise that the day
( )	turkey. This is usually accompanied with mashed potatoes, sweet potatoes, fall vegetables, cranberry sauce, and gravy. Pumpkin
( )	pie is the most commonly eaten dessert. The Thanksgiving holiday weekend is one of the busiest times
( )	colleges, and many businesses and government workers get three or four days off. Thanksgiving is also
( )	corn in Plymouth, Massachusetts. In 1941, President Roosevelt made Thanksgiving a federal holiday.
( )	the unofficial signal for Christmas preparations to begin. Once Thanksgiving
( )	finishes, stores fill their shelves with Christmas goods. It is also a bad time to be a turkey.
( )	of the origins of this holiday. One is thanks for the early settlers arriving in America safely. On December the 4th,
( )	of their arrival should be a "day of thanksgiving" to God. The second version is the thanks given to

2. SCRAMBLED SENTENCES

With a partner, put the words back into the correct order.

1.	American is very holiday Thanksgiving a.
2.	a be to used It holiday religious.
3.	of origins the of Versions holiday this.
4.	The given Native thanks to Americans.
5.	to How corn grow and eels catch.
6.	traditional baked turkey is have roasted It to or.
7.	potatoes mashed with accompanied usually is This.
8.	the most Pumpkin commonly pie eaten is dessert.
9.	get off three or Government four workers days.
10.	Stores goods Christmas with shelves their fill.

3. DISCUSSION (Write your own questions)

STUDENT A’s QUESTIONS (Do not show these to student B)
1.	________________________________________________________
2.	________________________________________________________
3.	________________________________________________________
4.	________________________________________________________
5.	________________________________________________________
6.	________________________________________________________

DISCUSSION (Write your own questions)

STUDENT B’s QUESTIONS (Do not show these to student A)
1.	________________________________________________________
2.	________________________________________________________
3.	________________________________________________________
4.	________________________________________________________
5.	________________________________________________________
6.	________________________________________________________

LISTENING

LISTENING GAP FILL

Christmas Eve is, of course, the day before Christmas Day. It’s quite a __________________ people who celebrate Christmas. There are so many things to do – usually last minute things. For example, you have to quickly send a Christmas card to people you forgot, especially when they sent you one. You also have __________________ Christmas shopping. I always find Christmas Eve afternoon is a good time to shop. Many people think this is a busy time, but the Christmas __________________ shops are quite empty. You just have to hope they haven’t run out of wrapping paper and sellotape. Then you have to go home __________________ your presents and put them under the Christmas tree in the living room. It’s such a lovely sight seeing a decorated tree with lots of wrapped boxes __________________.

Christmas Eve is __________________ all countries. In Denmark, for example, Christmas Eve is when people have Christmas dinner and open their presents. I think most people go to midnight mass on Christmas Eve. This is a special church __________________ midnight to remember the birth of Jesus. I think one of the oldest jokes in the world is: “What time is Midnight Mass?” It’s an easy joke to figure out. Of course, Christmas Eve is the busiest __________________ for Santa Claus. People in England call him Father Christmas. If you look really carefully, you’ll see him flying __________________ his sleigh full of presents. He used to climb down people’s chimneys to deliver his presents. __________________ he does nowadays because people don’t have chimneys.