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  1. Listen and decide whether the statements t (true) or f (false).

  1. The customers want one table for two.

  2. There are two customers eating together.

  3. The two customers order the different starter.

  4. Both customers order the steak for their main course.

  5. The customers order hot drinks.

  6. Customers don’t order a dessert.

  1. Началоформы

  2. Конецформы

  1. Началоформы

  2. Конецформы

  3. Началоформы

  4. Конецформы

  5. Началоформы

  6. Конецформы

  1. Listen and write the correct word to fill the gaps.

    1. A table for two, ____.

    2. Are you ready to ____?

    3. What would you like for your ____?

    4. I'd like French onion ____, please.

    5. What would you like to ____?

    6. I'll ____ a fresh orange juice.

Writing

1. Write about the following topic: Nowadays food has become easier to prepare. Has this change improved the way people live? Give reasons for your answer using your own ideas and experience.

Progress Report Card

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Vocabulary

Grammar

Reading

Listening

Speaking

Writing

Unit 10. Map of the world.

Use of English

The Passive voice.

  • passive voice is used when the action is more important than the agent E.g.: My bike was stolen.

  • when the person who carries out the action is known, unimportant or obvious E.g.: The shop was burgled.

  • when we want to emphasize the agent E.g.: The city cathedral was built by my great great-grandfather.

  • When we want to make statements more polite or formal E.g.: A mistake was made.

Form of Passive

Subject + finite form of to be + Past Participle (3rd column of irregular verbs)

Tense

Subject

Verb

Object

Present Simple

Active:

Rita

writes

a letter.

Passive:

A letter

is written

by Rita.

Present Progressive

Active:

Rita

is writing

a letter.

Passive:

A letter

is being written

by Rita.

Present Perfect

Active:

Rita

has written

a letter.

Passive:

A letter

has been written

by Rita.

Past Simple

Active:

Rita

wrote

a letter.

Passive:

A letter

was written

by Rita.

Past Progressive

Active:

Rita

was writing

a letter.

Passive:

A letter

was being written

by Rita.

Past Perfect

Active:

Rita

had written

a letter.

Passive:

A letter

had been written

by Rita.

Future I

Active:

Rita

will write

a letter.

Passive:

A letter

will be written

by Rita.

Future II

Active:

Rita

will have written

a letter.

Passive:

A letter

will have been written

by Rita.

Modals

Active:

Rita

can write

a letter.

Passive:

A letter

can be written

by Rita.

Conditional I

Active:

Rita

would write

a letter.

Passive:

A letter

would be written

by Rita.

Conditional II

Active:

Rita

would have written

a letter.

Passive:

A letter

would have been written

by Rita.

Note: The present perfect continuous, the future continuous and the past perfect continuous are not normally used in the passive.

In colloquial English, get is often used instead of be to express something happening by accident. E.g.: John got hit by a taxi while he was cycling down the street.

  • When changing the sentence from active into passive: the object of the active sentence becomes the subject of the passive.

  • The active verb changes into a passive form.

  • The subject of the active sentence becomes the agent and is either introduced with the preposition by or omitted.

  • Only transitive verbs can be changed into passive: E.g.: She wrote an article. An article is written by her. But: He lives in Almaty. (the verb live is intransitive, so the sentence cannot be changed into the passive)

  • By + agent is used to say who or what did the action. E.g.: The baby was rescued by a firefighter.

  • By + agent is omitted in the passive sentence when the agent is unknown, unimportant or obvious. E.g.: Someone has broken the lock. The lock has been broken.

  • With + instrument / material / ingredient is used to say what the agent used. E.g.: The salad is made with tomatoes, cucumbers and onions.

  • Verbs which take two objects can have two passive forms. E.g.: Sara told Tom a secret. A secret was told to Tom. Tom was told a secret.

  • In the passive, the preposition that follows a verb is placed after the verb. E.g.: Chris turned the radio on. The radio was turned on by Chris.

  • Let changes to be allowed to in the passive. E.g.: Mum let us watch TV. We were allowed to watch TV.

Impersonal Passive

Use impersonal constructions for verbs without an object (intransitive verbs) to form passive sentences, E.g.: he says – it is said

In English, Impersonal Passive is only possible with verbs of perception (e.g. say, think, know).

E.g.: They say that women live longer than men. – It is said that women live longer than men. They say that women live longer than men. – Women are said to live longer than men.