I. Answer the following questions on the text.

1. What is clinical psychology concerned with?

2. Clinical psychology is the largest subfield within psychology, isn’t it?

3. What specialty areas do you know within clinical psychology?

4. What do clinical psychologists do?

5. How much do clinical psychologists typically earn in Russia and abroad?

6. What type of degree do clinical psychologists need in the USA?

7. What do you know about two major training models for doctoral degrees?

8. Is it difficult to become a clinical psychologist? Why?

9. What are the benefits of a career in clinical psychology?

II. Answer the question expressing your own opinion (no less that 10 sentences).

Why do you think the profession of clinical psychologist is important nowadays?

III. Give Russian equivalents of the following.

To be concerned with; mental disorder; medical settings; to prescribe medications; mental health; learning disabilities; emotional disturbances; to specialize in; depression; to keep records; to track progress; licensed clinical psychologist; excellent communication skills.

IV. Find English equivalents in the text.

Диагноз; лечение; частная практика; специализироваться; расстройство, шизофрения, докторская степень; сосредоточивать, приблизительно; с другой стороны, обеспечивать, творческий, принимать решение, преодолевать проблемы, страховая компания, истощение физических и душевных сил.

V. Give the summary of the text.

VI. Read the text and then translate it in writing.

To help a new worker become a productive member of an industrial organization a systematic training program is necessary. This program will include orientation training to introduce the worker to his mates and to help him learn how he fits into the overall organization. If the type of work is one which the worker has never performed before, a very extensive training program may be required in which the trainee is given intensive instruction in and practice of the skills and activities. In this way, errors which could be expensive or dangerous are avoided. It has been found repeatedly in industry that pertaining is the cheapest method for bringing new workers up to maximum levels of skill in the minimum time. Some training programs are a few hours duration; others, a few days or weeks; some go on for years. These programs may incorporate classroom teaching and on-the-job training where the student «earns while he learns ».

Unit 10 Perception and Imagery

Цель – формирование представлений студентов о восприятии и воображении, использование знания иностранного языка в профессиональной деятельности и профессиональной коммуникации.

Key words

1.perception	восприятие
2. imagery	образы, воображение
3.visual	зрительный, наглядный
4.tactile	осязательный
5.olfactory	обонятельный
6.gustatory	вкусовой
7.visualize	мысленно представить себе
8.kinesthetic	кинестетический
9.hallucination	галлюцинация
10.distinguish	проводить различие, распознавать
11.advantage	преимущество
12.false	ложный, ошибочный
13.experience	испытывать, чувствовать

Text

Perception is a process which in itself is learnt; we learn from experience how to judge, or perceive, the distance from us of objects we see around us; we learn to distinguish between sounds. The importance of this for teachers is that individual children may have come to rely more on one type of perception than on another, so that one child may find it easier to learn through listening, while another learns best through looking, and a third makes about equal use of both types.

As with perception, children like adults vary in the strength of their imagery. Many children, particularly in the early years of their lives, may be possessors of almost photographic memories, and be able to "see" in their minds pages of print which they have earlier read. This ability, which has some obvious advan­tages, usually fades as the child grows older.

If we recall the sight of a favourite mountain scene, or the sound of church bells, or feel that we are going through the motions involved in boxing, we are said to experience visual, auditory and kinesthetic imagery respectively. There is also imagery associated with taste and smell but this is not usually well developed.

Again although many people get poor images of touch (tactile imagery), taste (gustatory imagery), and smell (olfactory imagery), they may occasionally experience very powerful images of, for example, the taste of a lemon or the smell of garlic.

If we visualize the beach of a town where we spent an enjoyable holiday, or have an auditory image of running water, we are experiencing memory images. But if we make our images out of elements which have their counterparts in our past life and visualize a mermaid, or a city with streets paved with gold, we are experiencing constructed images. In some forms of mental disorder, memory images are particularly vivid and are taken for perceptions. For example, a pa­tient may claim that he hears voices or sees visions. The false perceptions are called hallucinations.

EXERCISES