I. After reading the text on affiliation answer whether the following statements are true or false:

a). The need for social contact is innate.

b). The need for affiliation can occur only during a very limited period of life

c). The development of affection between the infant and the mother is completely determined by the frequency of satisfaction of primary needs

d). The development of a strong attachment between the infant and the person who cares (заботиться) for him is crucial to normal social development.

II. Answer the question expressing your own opinion. (no less that 10 sentences).

When do people affiliate from your point of view?

III. Give Russian equivalents of the following.

Imprinting-like process; to offer a sound explanation; there are ethical problems involved in conducting such research; to run a series of experiments; to show a distinct preference for; aspects of the mother other than her association with food; regardless of how the attachment is formed.

IV. Find English equivalents in the text

Удовлетворять потребность в социальных контактах; было установлено, что, предполагали, что; вызывать ответ, реакцию (4 слова), приводить к образованию привязанности; по этическим причинам; предоставить косвенное доказательство возможного существования; у людей, у детей, у обезьян; теория научения утверждает, что; удовлетворение (2 слова) первичных потребностных состояний; короче говоря; на уровне человека, в качестве испытуемых; проявлять большое сходство с человеком; напоминать по размерам; напоминать по форме; за 165 дней; оказывать предпочтение чему-либо; в среднем 16 часов в день; решить проблему; независимо от того, как.

V. Look through the text and

point out 1) what is important for imprinting to occur;

2) why the validity of the two theories was tested on infant macaque monkeys;

specify the essence of each theory in question;

describe the Harlow experiment;

report the results of the Harlow experiment

prove the importance of early attachment relationship for individual's social development.

VI. Write out words from the text according to the following criteria:

1. psychological terms;

2. words expressing assessment.

VII. Fit the meaning and the word:

1). Unhealthy fear of

2). A form of learning which fixes the distinctive signs of the of the objects of some innate behavioral actions of the parents

3). Subjective assessment of some phenomenon by preset scale

4). A need for social contact

5). Unconditioned stimulus causing reaction which on combining with an indifferent stimulus develops a classical conditioned reflex

affiliation

reinforcement

imprinting

phobia

rating

1). to end the existence of

2). to keep apart from others

3). to continue despite opposition

4). to cause to remember

5). to test the accuracy of

6). to cause to come out

7). to make an agreement about

8). to prevent from having or enjoying

to settle

to deprive

to elicit

to persist

to isolate

to extinguish

to remind

to verify