- •Contents
- •Part 1: My Academy ………………………………………………………………….38 Part 2: Higher Education in the usa.……………………….......................................56
- •Предисловие
- •Chapter 3 lifestyles around the world Part 1: Lifestyles and the Good Life
- •5. Think of constituents of a lifestyle and fill in the spider graph below. Share your ideas with the class. Constituents of the lifestyle
- •6. Summarize your understanding of the lifestyle concept in writing (60 words).
- •Before you read
- •1. Making predictions. What do you think you will read about in the text “What’s the “good life” to you?” Write down three predictions:
- •2. Read the text to compare American ideas of good life with yours expressed in pre-reading exercise. How different are they? Discuss the differences with your partner. What’s the “Good Life” to You?
- •9. Scan the text to find out what Americans consider the “good life” and how many of them think so. Fill in the chart below. The first one has been done for you.
- •10. Ask questions to these answers. Do it taking turns round the class.
- •Language Focus
- •1. Give English equivalents of the words and word partnerships used in the text.
- •2. Match the definitions on the left with the words used in the text on the right.
- •3. Insert prepositions where necessary.
- •4. Fill in the blanks with the suitable words in a proper form from the list below.
- •5. Make new words by adding suffixes or prefixes to the italicized words. Translate the sentences into Russian.
- •6. Translate from English into Russian.
- •Comprehension / Interpretation
- •Language Functions Ways of asking for reasons and giving reasons
- •Respond to the following questions in a neutral style.
- •Respond to the following questions in an informal style.
- •Say which job you would prefer and why:
- •Develop the conversation giving sane reasons for this or that decision.
- •Find out about your groupmates’ and other people’s occupation. Use the following dialogues as models.
- •Discussing the lecture. Discuss the following questions about the interview and your own experience. Refer to your notes as necessary. Use the new vocabulary as you talk.
- •Part 2: Healthy hobbies
- •Before you read
- •Healthy hobbies
- •Language Focus
- •1. Give English equivalents of the words and word partnerships used in the text.
- •2. Match the definitions on the left with the words used in the text on the right.
- •3. Fill in the blanks with the suitable words in a proper form from the list below.
- •4. Insert prepositions where necessary.
- •5. Make new words by adding suffixes or prefixes to the italicized words. Translate the sentences into Russian. -tion/-al/-ed/
- •-Less/-ly
- •Self-/-ed/-able/-ly/-ility
- •-Ed/-ment
- •6. Translate from English into Russian.
- •7. This text was translated by a computer. Read the translation and correct the mistakes. What is the main idea of the text?
- •8. Match each hobby (a –k) with the benefits people get from it (1 – 11). More than one answer is possible.
- •9. Organize the following words by putting them in the correct column.
- •10. Match the words and phrases in column a with those in column b. Tick the phrases that apply to you.
- •11. Tell about your hobby/your friend’s/your parent’s. Say what you’ve gained from it. The words in the box can help you.
- •Language Functions Agreeing and disagreeing
- •Exercises
- •2. Read the following illustrative examples of expressing agreement and disagreement.
- •3. Express your agreement or disagreement with someone’s view.
- •4. Make any statements you like. Someone will either agree or disagree with you.
- •5. Agree or disagree with the following statements.
- •6. Express partial agreement with the following statements.
- •7. Discuss the situation with your partner(s) and decide on the proper level of formality. You can use the suggested expressions if you want to.
- •In pairs / groups, decide which of these topics or words from the article are most interesting and which are most boring. Have a chat about the topics you liked.
- •Longevity: What helps most? Rank these and share your rankings with your partner. Put the most helpful at the top. Change partners and share your rankings again.
- •True / false: Read the headline. Guess if a-h below are true (t) or false (f).
- •4. Synonym match: Match the following synonyms from the article.
- •5. Phrase match: (Sometimes more than one choice is possible.)
- •6. Gap fill: Put the words into the gaps in the text.
- •7. Word search: Look in your dictionary / computer to find collocates, other meanings, information, synonyms … for the words ‘long’ and ‘life’. Share your findings with your partners.
- •8. Test each other: Look at the words below. With your partner, try to recall how they were used in the text:
- •9. Answer the questions.
- •Living without a tv
- •Read the article again. Then cover it and in pairs answer the questions from memory.
- •3. You are going to write a similar article about mobile phones. First, with a partner, make a list of advantages and disadvantages.
- •Chapter 4 education Part 1: My Academy
- •State (n.) – государство, штат; state (adj.) – государственный
- •Before you read
- •My academy
- •Comprehension / Interpretation
- •1. All students study full-time.
- •Language focus
- •Give English equivalents of the words and word partnerships used in the text.
- •Identify the word by its meaning. Make your own sentences with these words.
- •3. Insert prepositions where necessary.
- •4. Fill in the blanks with the suitable words in a proper form from the list below.
- •5. Make new words by adding suffixes or prefixes to the italicized words. Translate into Russian.
- •6. Translate the following sentences into English.
- •Language functions Opinions
- •Ways of asking for opinion and expressing opinion
- •Approval and disapproval
- •Ways of expressing approval and disapproval
- •Exercises
- •1. Read the dialogues in parts, pay attention how people express their opinion, approval and disapproval. Then learn one of them and reproduce it with other students in class.
- •2. Compile the sentences:
- •3. Ask someone's opinion on the following, using proper names. The person asked then replies.
- •4. Express your opinion on the questions discussed in an informal style.
- •5. Argue the following statements. Say whether they have a positive or negative connotation.
- •6. Reveal your attitude to the problems discussed.
- •Make short conversations in the following situations:
- •1. Prelistening Questions. Discuss these questions with your classmates.
- •2. Vocabulary Preview. These sentences contain expressions from the conversation. Use the context to match the underlined words and expressions with their definitions.
- •Now listen to the conversation again. Some of the stressed words are missing. During each pause, repeat the phrase or sentence; then fill in the missing stressed words.
- •2. Prepare good reading of the dialogue.
- •1. Vocabulary Review. Discuss your answers to the following questions with a partner. Use the underlined vocabulary from Activity 2 (Vocabulary Preview) in your answers.
- •In groups, each choose one different topic from the list below. Decide if you agree or disagree, and write down at least three reasons.
- •Part 2: Higher Education in the usa
- •Tuition fee (n.) – плата за обучение
- •Before you read
- •Higher Education in the usa
- •Comprehension / Interpretation
- •Language focus
- •1. Give English equivalents of the words and word partnerships used in the text.
- •2. Identify the word by its meaning. Make your own sentences with these words.
- •3. Insert prepositions where necessary.
- •4. Fill in the blanks with the suitable words in a proper form from the list below.
- •5. Make new words by adding suffixes or prefixes to the italicized words. Translate into Russian.
- •6. Translate the following sentences into English.
- •7. Explain how you understand these proverbs.
- •11. Writing
- •Saluton. Kiel VI fartas?
- •Want to improve your memory
- •B. From prompts to sentences
- •D. Plan your paragraphs
- •E. Homework
- •Windsor College Summer Courses in English
- •Language functions How to express your emotions
- •Ways of expressing pleasure / joy and displeasure
- •Ways of expressing excitement and disappointment
- •Ways of showing irritation, anger and sympathy
- •Ways of saying you are bored and ways of expressing surprise
- •Exercises
- •2. Read the dialogues in pairs and state what emotions are expressed in the situations described and how other people react to them.
- •3. Express pleasure, delight or enthusiasm in the following situations. Let another student respond.
- •4. Make up short situations, using one item from each column.
- •5. What would you say in the following situations? Address your remark to a fellow-student, who tries to reassure you.
- •6. Choose a situation from those given in exercise 5 to express your irritation and anger.
- •7. Express your disappointment in the following situations.
- •8. Read the illustrative dialogues in pairs, noting how different degrees of surprise can be expressed more or less formally. Then learn the dialogues and reproduce them with another student in class.
- •9. Respond with surprise to the following statements.
- •10. Read the following statements and let another student respond to them with sympathy.
- •11. Make short conversations in the following situations:
- •Using the Introduction to Predict Lecture Content
- •Taking Notes on the Introduction
- •Three Keys to Writing Effective Lecture Notes
- •Identifying the Three Keys to Taking Effective Lecture Notes
- •2. Situation
- •3. Discussion Questions
- •4. Role-Play
- •Appendixes
- •I. Writing an Essay. Discursive Essays (Дискуссионные сочинения) Тип сочинения и примерный план
- •Useful Language (For and Against Essay)
- •Useful Language (Opinion Essay)
- •Образец эссе с аргументацией «за» и «против»
- •Образец эссе с элементами рассуждения по теме
- •II. Additional Material to the Chapter Education.
- •III. Supplementary reading Books. Reading.
- •Exercises
- •Give English equivalents of the words and word partnerships used in the text and included in the list of words before the text.
- •2. Read the short descriptions (a –k) of literary works of different genres. Match the description to the type of literary work (1 – 10).
- •3. Match the words from the two boxes. Make up your own sentences with word partnerships.
- •4. Make new words by adding suffixes or prefixes to the italicized words. Translate the sentences.
- •-Ful / -less / -ly
- •5. Read, guess the name of a person described, and translate the texts below.
- •6. Read one of the most popular poem by Robert Burns My Heart’s in the Highlands first in the original and then in translation. Learn it by heart.
- •7. Translate the following sentences into English
- •8. Speak about your favorite author or a book. Use some useful expressions given at the beginning of the chapter.
- •Sources
II. Additional Material to the Chapter Education.
1. to have a good command of a subject — хорошо знать предмет
She has a good command of English.
Syn. expr.: to be good at a subject
2. to take (to have) an examination in Literature (English) — сдавать экзамены по литературе (английскому языку)
Syn. expr.: to go in for Literature
to take an examination in English — сдавать экзамен по английскому языку
to pass an examination in English — сдать экзамен по английскому языку
5. to fail an examination in Literature — провалиться на экзамене по литературе
6. a class in English — занятие по английскому языку
7. to have classes in Grammar (Home-Reading, Phonetics, Written Practice, Conversation)
8. to have seminars on History of the XXth century
9. to have a lecture on Literature, the Geography of England
10. to do one's best — сделать всё от себя зависящее I'm sure you'll do your best.
11. senior teacher — старший преподаватель
12. a time-table — расписание
13. to give a talk (lecture) on — прочесть доклад (лекцию) о
14. to attend classes (lectures) —посещать занятия (лекции)
15. to miss classes — пропускать занятия по уважительной причине или прогуливать
16. the register of attendance — ведомость посещаемости
17. to take (make) notes at a lecture on Literature — записывать лекцию по литературе
18. a composition — небольшое сочинение на тему (обычно 1—3 страницы)
19. an essay — сочинение (очерк)
20. to do a subject — изучать предмет
21. to do well in a subject — хорошо успевать по какому-либо предмету
22. to work by fits and starts — работать урывками, не систематически
23. to fall (get, lag) behind the group in Grammar — отставать от группы по грамматике
24. to lack fluency — говорить медленно (букв, не хватает беглости)
25. to catch up with the group — догнать группу
26. to help smb with Grammar (in one's work) — помогать кому-л. по грамматике (в работе)
27. an examination paper (a test-paper) in Grammar — контрольная работа по грамматике.
28. to revise (to do a revision) for an examination — готовиться к экзамену
29. a student's record book — зачётная книжка
30. to give a mark (a credit) — поставить оценку (зачёт)
31. to get a mark (a five, etc.) in a subject (for a paper) — получить оценку (пятерку и т. д.) по предмету (за работу)
III. Supplementary reading Books. Reading.
Words to remember
faith (n.) – верность, доверие
deceit (n.) – обман
revenge (n.) – месть
hatred (n.) – ненависть
dramatist / playwrite (n.) – драматург
novel (n.) – роман
novelist (n.) – романист
genre (n.) – жанр
play (n. – пьеса
essay(n.) – очерк, эссе
fable(n.) – басня
verse(n.) – стих
memoirs (n.) – мемуары (воспоминания)
article(n.) – статья
narrative (n.) – проза (рассказ, повесть)
to narrate (v.) – повествовать, рассказывать
narrative (n.) – повествование, перечень событий
first-person narration (phr.) – рассказ от первого лица
books in the original (phr.) – книги в оригинале
books in translation (phr.) – книги в переводе
books on art (history, linguistics) (phr.) – книги по искусству (истории, лингвистике)
travel books (phr.) – книги о путешествиях
fiction (n.) – вымысел, художественная литература
science-fiction (n.) – научная фантастика
thriller (n.) – боевик, триллер
horror (n.) – история ужасов (проза, связанная со страшными преступлениями и жестокостью)
epistolary novel (n.) – эпистолярная проза (роман в письмах)
fairy tale (n.) – сказка
legend /myth (n.) – легенда, миф
theme / subject (n.) – тема
plot (n.) – сюжет
the fantastic plot (n.) – фантастический сюжет
complex / imaginative plot (n.) – сложный / вымышленный сюжет
event (n.) – событие
fictional events (n.) – вымышленные события
the supernatural event (n.) – сверхестественное событие
the sequence of events (phr.) – ход / последовательность событий
twist of events (phr.) – поворот событий
crime (n.) – преступление
commit a crime (phr.) – совершить преступление
criminal (adj., n.) – преступный ( криминальный); преступник
investigation (n.) – расследование
key elements (n.) – ключевые / главные элементы
suspense (n.) – неизвестность
to keep someone in suspense (phr.) – держать кого-то в неведении
tension (n.) – напряжение
mystery (n.) – детективный роман (полный тайн): загадка
character (n.) – персонаж
characteristic feature (n.) – характерная черта
main character / hero (n.) – главный герой
point of view (phr.) – точка зрения
volume (n.) – том
to depict / to show / to describe (v.) – изображать, описывать
to share – делить, разделять (думать одинаково)
to concentrate on (v.) – концентрироваться на
to present (v.) – представлять
to create (v.) – создавать
to assume (v.) – предполагать
to tell the story (v.) – рассказывать историю
to enjoy reading (v.) – наслаждаться чтением, получать удовольствие от чтения
to carry away (v.) – увлечь, захватить (о сюжете)
to digest (v.) – усваивать, переваривать
to swallow (v.) – глотать, проглатывать
to taste (v.) – пробовать на вкус
to dip into (v.) – погружаться
to weigh (v.) – взвешивать, обдумывать
Some useful expressions
The author of the book is …
The action is set in (place / time) – действие происходит в
The author tells the story (of) – автор рассказывает историю о
depicts characters – изображает (описывает) характеры
creates the atmosphere of – создаёт атмосферу
holds the attention of the reader – держит читателя в напряжении
has keen sense of humor – обладает тонким чувством юмора
The book makes a deep impression on – книга производит глубокое впечатление на
(something) makes the novel interesting – … делает роман интересным
The book is made into a film – по книге сделан (снят) фильм
The author touches upon important problems – автор касается важных проблем
Discuss the following questions:
How do you select books for your home library?
What kind of books do young people prefer reading nowadays?
Read and translate the text
“Books in our life”
“Books and friends should be few but good,” says an English proverb. “Except a living man there is nothing more wonderful than a book! They teach us and open their hearts to us as brothers,” wrote Charles Kingsley, an English writer of the 19th century. The book is certainly one of the greatest human inventions. We enjoy reading it. The book is a friend and a teacher. We learn many things by reading books. Books teach people to live. After reading some books it is easy to understand what should be done and what must not be done. One can learn a lot by reading books.
Different people like to read different kinds of books. It depends on one's taste and character. Some people prefer detectives or science fiction. Others like historical books. Girls and women prefer love stories. Children like comics very much. An English author once wrote: “Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested”. This quotation tells us how to read books of different kinds. Most travel books are to be tasted; it’s enough to dip into them and read bits here and there. If you are fond of crime stories (Agatha Christie, Simenon and the rest of the modern favorites), you will read them quickly, you’ll “swallow” them. And then there are books that you’ll read slowly and carefully. If a book is on an important subject, and the subject you are interested in, you’ll want to chew and digest it. And you’ll want to weigh what the author says, and consider his ideas and arguments.
Books can fit almost every need, temper, or interest. Books can be read when you are in the mood; you don't need to do it all the time. Books are both more personal and more impersonal than professors. Books can express every point of view; if you need a different point of view, you can read a different book. Reading is probably the most important skill you need for successful studies. You will have to read lengthy assignments in different subjects with varying degrees of detail and difficulty. If you read inaccurately, you will fail to understand some of the information and ideas you read. If you read slowly, you will have to spend too much time reading your assignments and the rest of your work may suffer.
Books help us both in our personal life and in business. Poor reading may be a problem for you, but it can be solved. Like other skills, your ability to read English fast and accurately demands careful instruction and purposeful practice. You must keep practicing on your own to improve your reading skills.
Literature can be divided into three main categories: drama, poetry and narrative prose. These can in turn be subdivided into various genres, including:
Drama: tragedy, comedy;
Poetry: sonnet, epic poetry, ballad;
Narrative prose: short story, novel, scientific fiction, biography, autobiography.
Many great works of literature share the same universal themes: love, death, ambition, revenge, faith, fate, hatred and deceit.