- •English for the master’s programm
- •In finance Содержание
- •Unit 1 money and its functions
- •Match each of the word on the left with the correct
- •3. Which of the following are true or false?
- •4. Match the terms with their Russian equivalents:
- •5. Match the two parts of the sentences:
- •6. Translate the sentences into English:
- •7. Translate the text in writing: Careers in Finance
- •The function of financial markets
- •1. Answer the questions:
- •2. Match each of the words on the left with the correct explanation on the right:
- •3. Complete the text by inserting the following words in the gaps:
- •4. Translate the sentences into English:
- •Primary and Secondary Markets
- •Unit 3 regulation of the financial system
- •Internationalization of financial markets
- •Answer the questions:
- •Match each of the words on the left with the correct explanation on the right:
- •Speak on:
- •4. Make written translation of the text into Russian:
- •5. Translate the text into English:
- •How bonds and common stocks are valued
- •Match each of the words on the left with the correct explanation on the right:
- •3. Translate the text into English:
- •Voting rights of shareholders
- •Preferred Stock
- •Common stock
- •Answer the questions:
- •Complete sentences by inserting the following words in the gaps:
- •Complete the text by inserting the following words in the gaps:
- •Speak on:
- •5. Make written translation of the text into Russian:
- •6. Translate the text into English:
- •Forward exchange contract
- •Fixed and option contracts
- •Answer the questions:
- •2. Match each of the words on the left with the correct explanation on the right:
- •3. Complete the text using these words:
- •4. Speak on:
- •5. Make written translation of the text into Russian:
- •6. Translate the text into English:
- •Unit 7 banking
- •Match the words with the definitions:
- •2. Complete the sentences using the words from the box:
- •3. Which of the following sentences are true or false?
- •4. Match the terms with their Russian equivalents:
- •5. Match the two parts of the sentences:
- •6. Make written translation of the text into Russian:
- •Islamic Banking
- •Unit 8 commercial and central banks
- •1. Answer the following questions:
- •2. Match the terms with their Russian equivalents:
- •3. Fill in the gaps with the correct variants:
- •4. Complete the sentences by inserting the following words in the
- •5. Make the written translation of the text into Russian: micro credit
- •Insurance companies
- •Life Insurance Companies
- •Property and Casualty Insurance Companies
- •Answer the questions:
- •Match each of the words on the left with the correct explanation on the right:
- •Translate the sentences into English:
- •Unit 10 pension funds
- •Annuities
- •Answer the questions:
- •Complete the text by inserting the following words in the gaps:
- •3. Speak on:
- •4. Translate the text into English:
- •Unit 11
- •Investment Funds
- •Answer the questions:
- •2. Match each of the words on the left with the correct explanation on the right:
- •4. Make the written translation of the text into Russian:
- •5. Translate the text into English:
- •Unit 12 taxation
- •Match each of the words with the correct explanation on the right:
- •2. Complete the sentences by inserting the words in the gaps:
- •3. Which of the following sentences are true or false?
- •4. Match the terms with their Russian equivalents:
- •5. Translate the sentences into English:
- •6. Render the text: концепция платежеспособности
- •Unit 14 classification of taxes
- •1. Answer the following questions:
- •2. Match the terms with their Russian equivalents,
- •3. Fill in the gaps with the correct variants.
- •4. Complete the sentences by inserting the following words in the
- •5. Translate the sentences into Russian:
- •6. Render the text переложение налогового бремени
4. Make the written translation of the text into Russian:
Finance companies acquire funds by issuing commercial paper or stocks and bonds and use the proceeds to make loans (often for small amount) that are particularly suited to consumer and business needs. The financial intermediation process of finance companies can be described by saying that they borrow in large amounts but often lend in small amounts - a process quite different from that of commercial banks, which issue deposits in small amounts and then often make large loans.
A key feature of finance companies is that compared to commercial banks and thrift institutions they are virtually unregulated. States regulate the maximum amount they can loan to individual consumers and the terms of the debt contract, but there are no restrictions on branching, the assets they hold, and how they raise their funds. The lack of restrictions enables finance companies to better tailor their loans to customer needs than banking institutions.
There are three types of finance companies. Sales finance companies make loans to consumers to purchase items from a particular retailer or manufacturer. Sales finance companies compete directly with banks for consumer loans and are used by consumers because loans can frequently be obtained faster and more conveniently at the location where an item is purchased. Consumer finance companies make loans to consumers to buy particular items such as furniture or home appliances, for home improvements, or to help refinance small debts. Business finance companies provide specialized forms of credit to businesses by purchasing accounts receivable (bills owed to the firm) at a discount; this provision of credit is called factoring.
5. Translate the text into English:
Прямой противоположностью спекулятивным фондам является разновидность доходных фондов, ориентированная на краткосрочные вложения - фонды денежного рынка. Эти фонды специализируются на краткосрочных обязательствах государства (казначейские обязательства), депозитных сертификатах банков и векселях наиболее надежных фирм. Некоторые из них вообще инвестируют средства исключительно в казначейские обязательства. Для поддержания ликвидности такие фонды традиционно вкладывают средства лишь в те активы, которые удовлетворяют «правилу 180 дней», т.е. срок погашения этих активов не должен превышать 180 дней.
Следствием такой политики является чрезвычайно высокая надежность и ликвидность вложений в эти фонды с одной стороны, и весьма невысокая доходность с другой. Степень надежности и ликвидности фондов денежного рынка такова, что некоторые организации, ведущие денежные счета клиентов, держат остатки средств по счетам в таких фондах, что не мешает клиентам выписывать чеки и снимать наличные с таких счетов.
Разброс по доходам фондов денежного рынка невелик и в среднем эта доходность колеблется у всех фондов одновременно. Этот факт объясняется, в первую очередь, тем, что доходность фондов денежного рынка привязана к доходности государственных обязательств, а те, в свою очередь, к ставке центрального банка или заменяющего его органа. Можно ожидать, что практически все фонды денежного рынка будут увеличивать или уменьшать свою доходность одновременно и в одном и том же масштабе. С другой стороны, такие фонды, вкладывающие средства в разных странах, могут давать существенно различные результаты в соответствии с поведением национальных валют и ставок центральных банков.
