Vocabulary

workforce – рабочая сила

grievance – жалоба

negotiations – переговоры

induction program – программа трудоустройства

framework of pay –система оплаты

Exercises

1. And answer the following questions

1. What are the prime objectives of the Personnel Department?

2. What needs to be done after staff have been appointed?

3. How is the Personnel Department involved in the payment of wages and salaries?

4. How does the law protect the employee?

5. What do you think might be included in an induction program?

6. What problems would you expect if an off job training program was to be arranged?

7. What do you think would be the purpose of interviewing candidates for a job?

8. Why should the Personnel Department be concerned about the employees’ attitude to work?

9. How do you think grievances should be dealt with?

2.Give Russian equivalents to the following sentences.

1. The Personnel Department is concerned with the provision and maintenance of a workforce.

2. Highly motivated workers will be more productive.

3. There will have to be contact with line and departmental managers to ascertain staffing requirements.

4. Further training may be necessary, either in the firm (on-job) or at college (off-job).

5. The whole framework of pay is obviously of concern to personnel, including salary scales, overtime and bonus payments where appropriate.

6. There is generally a core time during which all staff are expected to be present.

Additional texts: Electric Circuits

The concepts of electric charge and potential are also essential in the study of electric currents. When an extended conductor has different potentials at its ends the tree electrons of the conductor itself are caused to drift form one end to the other. In order for this flow to continue it is necessary that the potential difference be .maintained by some electrical source such as an electrostatic genera­tor, or, much more frequently, a battery or a direct-current generator. The wire and the electrical source together form an electric circuit, the electrons drifting around it as long as the conducting path is maintained. In effect such a flow of electrons constitutes an electric current.

Batteries and direct-current generators are sources of potential, difference which urge the electrons around a cir­cuit continually in one direction, producing a unidirection­al current. For this reason such a source is said to have a fixed polarity, one terminal being called positive and the other negative . If it is desired to reverse the flow, then the terminals of the circuit must be reversed with respect to the source.

From the early days of electrical science, current has been regarded as a flow of electricity from, the positive ter­minal to the negative terminal in the external circuit con­nected to a source. Now we know a current through a conduct­or to be actually a movement of elections, and since these have negative charges, they travel around the external circuit from the negative .terminal, to the positive terminal. The electron flow is, therefore, opposite to the conventional direction of current, making it necessary, in order to avoid confusion, to distinguish one from the other by name.