4. Answer the following questions:

What two meals had Romans of the Republican Era?

When did not Romans raise livestock?

What custom was gradually introduced?

Did the diet also include fish, game from the hunt, milk, cheese?

Were the most widely consumed foods boiled cereals or legumes?

5. Translate into Russian using чем … тем …:

The more you learn, the more you know.

The more one studies nature, the better one knows its laws.

The better products, the better meal.

The sweeter water, the drier mouth.

The older the cow, the more time one need to cook it.

Lesson 3

1. Read the words and put down their Russian equivalents:

soaked ____________________________________________________

affair _____________________________________________________

sweets ____________________________________________________

aromatic ___________________________________________________

stuffed _____________________________________________________

d'oeuvres ___________________________________________________

Barbarian ___________________________________________________

Digestible ___________________________________________________

2. Master the active vocabulary:

pickle - рассол; уксус для маринада

famished - голодный, изголодавшийся; умирающий от голода

refuge - убежище; прибежище

poverty - бедность, нищета, нужда, скудость

seafood - морепродукты

almonds – миндаль

3. Read and translate the text: Roman Cuisine in the Imperial Age

The Romans in the Imperial Age had two main daily meals, but they often added a breakfast of bread soaked in wine, grapes, olives, milk, and eggs. The midday meal was a light affair of cold dishes. Dinner was the main meal: a feast of hoer d'oeuvres (mixed seafood) followed by game, pork, veal, goat, fowl, fish, and sweets with a honey base, fresh and dried fruit. Meals were accompanied by sweets and aromatic wines.

Cuisine in the Middle Ages

The cuisine of the Barbarians who invaded Italy from the 5th century AD was considerably different from that of the Romans; it was based on roast meats, stuffed pastries, and oven-baked pies. For the Italian population reduced to poverty and servitude, food was rather poor and consisted of cereals, milk, cheese, and vegetables. Gradually, culinary art began a revival, especially after 1000 AD, in the agricultural centers around the monasteries where the famished and terrorized population had taken refuge. The general tendency was to make food healthier, more appetizing and digestible, eliminating elaborate preparation and introducing more fresh fruit and vegetables.

4. Answer the following questions:

1. Did the Romans in the Imperial Age add a breakfast of bread soaked in wine or a breakfast of bread and butter?

2. When was the general tendency to make food healthier?

3. Did culinary art begin a revival after 1000 AD?

4. Were meals accompanied by sweets or aromatic wines?

5. What was the main meal?

5. Change the words according to the model. Translate the words.

Model: translation, to translate – переводить

Preparation, to __________________ - ___________________________

Introduction, to _________________ - ____________________________

Elimination, to _________________ - ____________________________

Population, to __________________ - ____________________________

6. Which of the following words are nouns? verbs? adjectives? adverbs? Why?

General, healthier, gradually, monasteries, Italian, considerably, began, food, to make, popular.