4. Перепишіть наступні речення використовуючи Present / Past / Future Perfect Passive

   1. They have cancelled all flights because of fog. - …………………………………………..

   2. Workers have recently fixed this road. - …………………………………………………...

   3. They have built a new ring-road around the city. - ………………………………………...

   4. Somebody had attacked and robbed him in the street. - …………………………………...

   5. Somebody had stolen your car because you left the keys in it. - …………………………..

   6. I will have translated this passage in an hour. - ……………………………………………

   7. We’ll have taken our car by air-ferry by next Monday. - ………………………………….

5. Перекладіть подані речення англійською мовою

1. Моя сестра приїжджає в суботу. Я мушу її зустріти. 2. Сонце сідало за гори, коли я підійшов до села. 3. Я сиділа біля вікна, коли раптом почула чиїсь голоси. 4. Він гратиме в шахи з 8 до 9. 5. Ми будемо чекати на вас весь вечір. 6. В неділю о п’ятій годині я допоможу вам. 7. Щойно ми переїхали до нового будинку, як до нас завітали сусіди. 8. Останнім часом вона почувається недобре. 9. Вона сказала, що чек загублено. 10. Вашу пропозицію не можна забути.

6. Прочитайте та письмово перекладіть 2 абзац тексту

Notes to the text:

presence of monsters – присутність монстрів	construction boom – будівничий бум
decorative elements – елементи оздоблення	to vie – суперничати, змагатися
book illumination – книжкові ілюстрації	bizarre designs – дивні конструкції, малюнки
different species – різні види	lavishly decorated with stucco monsters – щедро оздоблений штукатурними монстрами
Juxtaposition – сусідство, зіставлення	spooking devils – дияволи-примари
horned beasts – рогаті чудовиська, звірі	mythical creatures – міфічні створіння
аrtisan – ремісник, майстер	bearded / winged “caryatids” – бородаті / крилаті «каріатиди» (скульптурна опора у вигляді жіночої фігури, яка підтримує антаблемент або інший архітектурний елемент)

Gothic Patterns

One of the most impressive features of Gothic art was the presence of all kinds of monsters as decorative elements in architecture and book illumination. Scholars have written many scholarly works explaining the significance these monsters and exotic animals had for the medieval mind. They reappeared as purely a decorative element in the Neo-Gothic structures and on buildings, which had nothing to do with Gothic Revival. The most common hybrid monster generally mixes different species: the Centaur (horse-man); the Minotaur (bull-man); Echidna (snake-woman); Pegasus (horse-bird); Sphinx (woman-lion-bird); Siren (bird-woman); Empusa (animal-metal); the griffin (lion-eagle); mermaid (woman-fish); vegetable lamb (plant-animal); barnacle goose (mollusk-bird), and mandrake (plant-man). In other instances, we find juxtapositions of different species: the tree that bears human heads as fruit; horses born from eggs; flash-eating mares; milk-producing birds.

The city of Kyiv also went through a period, which was marked by some elements of Gothic Revival. In the late 19^th and early 20^th centuries, Kyiv lived through an architectural and construction boom. Architects vied with each other in producing unusual or even bizarre designs, lavishly decorated with stucco monsters and exotic animals. On some of the buildings the spooking devils stare at the passers-by from the walls; horned beasts and mythical creatures sit on the roofs or under the balconies. In some cases, the artisans who created the stuccowork, gave the figures the likeness of some well-known persons, and people of Kyiv, recognizing the faces, had a hearty laugh. Quite a number of scandals followed.

With the passage of time, both the scandals and the faces were forgotten but the bearded and winged “caryatids” have stayed in their places on the houses.

Children are more observant than the adults and they continue to be fascinated by all these dragons, griffins and other fancy creatures peering at them from among the stucco leaves. But the children are not afraid – they smile at these friendly monsters, these creations of unrestrained fantasy without which the city would look much duller.

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