Process

Sensor device

Purpose

Pathogen

Mediator

Fig 1. Feedback loop

Special type of control - test of finished goods, that is definition or use of one or several characteristics of a product under the influence of set of physical, chemical, natural and operational factors and conditions.

Formation of quality of production happens during the certain period and depends on the conditions created by technological operations of all production cycle. Control of the parameters having impact on quality of end products is especially important.

Control of technological processes and quality of production - an integral part of processes of management of quality in production. It allows to define suitability and a level of quality of production, possibility of its further use. Depending on extent of influence on technological process or production control is subdivided on active and passive.

At active control there is an opportunity to improve organizational forms or technical means for receiving quality production.

Passive control gives the chance to establish the fact: whether in the necessary limits there are physical parameters of controlled object. It is applied when it is necessary to separate qualitative raw materials from low-quality or at rejection of production. Thus step-by-step or complex control is exercised: check of physical quantity of each parameter (the maintenance of various elements in sterns, water, drains, etc.) is made on which property of this production depends.

Distinguish entrance, operational and acceptance types of control.

Entrance control is exercised at receipt of production.

Operational control is applied in productions. In the conditions of division of labor when workers are connected among themselves under the terms of production, separate deviations, mistakes reduce the general quality. At the agricultural enterprises during the working day (change) quality is controlled by workers, foremen, experts. Daily heads of divisions estimate quality of work. In crews, on farms, in shops branch groups and posts of daily control are created.

Acceptance control is exercised at delivery of production.

With complication of production the number of parameters and need for their control grows. The industry produces measuring equipment of different function. Devices of active control "warn" about deviations from the set parameters in production, and acceptance devices fix a condition of quality of already made production (grain protein content, sugar in beet, fat in milk, etc.).

Quality of goods is controlled by manufacturers, and in trade - commodity researchers at acceptance of goods from suppliers, in a storage time of goods on base, in a distribution network before realization. In many agricultural enterprises laboratories agrochemical, dairy, on quality of forages which help to improve breeding work are created, to improve technology.

Metrological ensuring quality is an establishment and application of the technical means, rules, norms necessary for achievement of unity and the demanded accuracy of measurements of volumes and quality of the performed works, the made production. Metrological providing the agricultural enterprise will be organized by laboratories of quality, engineering service of economy, control service of quality.

Deviations from requirements of the specifications and technical documentation (standards, specifications) testify to decline in quality of a product and are called as defects. Defects can be obvious, hidden, remediable and incorrigible.

The deviation of quality of production comes from the set parameters, as a rule, towards its deterioration and has the general and private manifestations.

Are among the general deviations an obsolescence, physical and an obsolescence of production, loss of initial properties at operation and storage.

Private deviations from quality are extremely various and caused by external factors: in operation violations of the rules, mistakes of developers and manufacturers, failures in production discipline, defects of the equipment, etc. The instability of quality caused by private deviations from the set parameters has casual character. Emergence of deviations can be expected only with a certain degree of probability.

Seriously instability and variability of requirements influence quality. Change of requirements of consumers even at compliance of production of standard and technical documentation worsens perception of quality or leads to its full loss.

It is possible to draw a conclusion that quality of production is in constant dynamics and is the extremely unstable category.