- •Isbn 978-5-89838-619-1
- •Предисловие
- •Engineering profession
- •1. Read and memorize the following words and word-combinations:
- •2. From the list below choose English word-combinations which correspond to the following Russian ones:
- •The Engineering Profession
- •4. Make up sentences out of the two parts:
- •5. Give a brief summary of the text. Text 2 Engineering Specialities
- •1. Answer the following questions:
- •2. A) The following words are translator's "false friends" or pseudointernational. Write out their meanings which correspond to the context:
- •3. Put the following verbs in the alphabetical order and find their meanings in the dictionary. Then write out word-combinations with them from the text and translate them into Russian.
- •Exercises
- •1. Answer the following questions:
- •2. Translate the following international words, consult the dictionary, if necessary:
- •3. Make up sentences out of the two parts:
- •4. Complete the following diagram:
- •5. Try to translate the following text without using the dictionary: So What Is Engineering?
- •6. Give a brief summary of the text.
- •The Essential Triangle
- •Exercises
- •1. Answer the following questions:
- •2. Using the dictionary decide which of the following word-combinations are translator's "false friends" and which are international words, translate them into Russian:
- •3. Find in the text nouns derived from the following verbs and translate them:
- •4. Make up sentences out of the two parts:
- •5. Choose the definition that fits each word or phrase as it is used in the text:
- •6. Complete the table using information from the text:
- •7. Speak of the role of the scientist, the engineer and the technologist in technological and industrial progress using the following words and word-combinations:
- •1. Choose the sentences which are true to the information of Text1 (Выберите предложения, соответствующие информации текста 1):
- •2. Choose the right Russian equivalent to the following English sentence (Выберите верный русский эквивалент следующему английскому предложению):
- •3. Choose the right English equivalent to the following Russian sentence (Выберите верный английский эквивалент следующему русскому предложению):
- •Insert the proper words into the following sentences (Вставьте подходящие по смыслу слова в следующие предложения):
- •Unit 2 milling and milling machines
- •1. Read and memorize the following words and word-combinations:
- •2. From the list below choose English word-combinations which correspond to the following Russian ones:
- •Milling
- •1. Find in the text synonyms for the following English words:
- •2. Find in the text antonyms for the following English words:
- •3. Choose the definition that fits each word or phrase as it is used in the text:
- •4. Answer the following questions:
- •Text 2 Plain Milling Machines
- •1. Give different meanings of the following words:
- •2. Choose English equivalents to:
- •3. Find the words of the active vocabulary in the text. Translate the sentences they are used in.
- •4. Make up sentences out of the two parts:
- •5. Answer the following questions:
- •Milling Cutters
- •1. Find all the words with – ed endings in the text. State their origin. Translate the sentences into Russian.
- •2. Find in the text synonyms for the following English words:
- •3. Choose the definition that fits each word or phrase as it is used in the text:
- •3. Choose the right English equivalent to the following Russian sentence (Выберите верный английский эквивалент следующему русскому предложению):
- •Insert the proper words into the following sentences (Вставьте подходящие по смыслу слова в следующие предложения):
- •Unit 3 turning and turning machines (lathes)
- •1. Read and memorize the following words and word-combinations:
- •2. From the list below choose English word-combinations which correspond to the following Russian ones:
- •Types of lathes
- •1. Give the main points of the text, answering the following questions:
- •2. Choose synonyms out of the following list:
- •3. Fill in the blanks with the suitable words from the text. The words are given below:
- •4. Perform the following tasks, basing of the text:
- •5. Characterize lathes according to the following plan:
- •Engine Lathe
- •1. Give the main points of the text, answering the following questions:
- •2. Using the text, give derivatives from the following words and translate them into Russian:
- •3. Replace Russian words and word combinations by the corresponding English equivalents:
- •4. Make up questions to which the italicized words are answers:
- •5. Make up a summary of the text.
- •Vertical Eight - Spindle Semiautomatics
- •5. Give a brief summary of the text.
- •1. Choose the sentences which are true to the information of Text 1 (Выберите предложения, соответствующие информации текста 1):
- •2. Choose the right Russian equivalent to the following English sentence (Выберите верный русский эквивалент следующему английскому предложению):
- •3. Choose the right English equivalent to the following Russian sentence (Выберите верный английский эквивалент следующему русскому предложению):
- •Insert the proper words into the following sentences (Вставьте подходящие по смыслу слова в следующие предложения):
- •Unit 4 drilling and drilling machines
- •1. Read and memorize the following words and word-combinations:
- •2. From the list below choose English word-combinations which correspond to the following Russian ones:
- •Purpose and Field of Application of Drilling Machines
- •1. Answer the following questions, using the information from the text:
- •2. Translate the following groups of words, paying attention to the meaning of suffixes:
- •3. Fill in the blanks with the preposition: for, of, in, with, by, out, from, to:
- •4. Find the English equivalents for the following:
- •5. Supply the missing word:
- •Text 2 Upright Drill Presses
- •1. Underline the suffixes in the following words and state what part of speech they belong to:
- •2. Give different meanings of the following words:
- •3. Translate the following sentences observing different meanings of the italicized words and word combinations:
- •4. Guess the meaning:
- •5. Describe the function and characteristics of the principal units of an upright drill press, using the active vocabulary of the text:
- •6. Try to translate the text without using the dictionary:
- •Text 3 Radial Drills
- •1. Find in the text:
- •2. Find English equivalents:
- •4. Translate the following in writing.
- •5. Make a brief summary of the text.
- •1. Choose the sentences which are true to the information of Text 1 (Выберите предложения, соответствующие информации текста 1):
- •2. Choose the right Russian equivalent to the following English sentence (Выберите верный русский эквивалент следующему английскому предложению):
- •3. Choose the right English equivalent to the following Russian sentence (Выберите верный английский эквивалент следующему русскому предложению):
- •Insert the proper words into the following sentences (Вставьте подходящие по смыслу слова в следующие предложения):
- •2. From the list below choose English word-combinations which correspond to the following Russian ones:
- •Unit 5 grinding and grinding machines
- •1. Read and memorize the following words and word-combinations:
- •Purpose and Field of Application of Grinding Machines
- •Cylindrical Grinding Machines
- •1. Name the main points of the text answering the following questions:
- •2. Guess the meaning:
- •4. Find in the text verbs for the following nouns:
- •5. Underline the suffixes in the following words and state what part of speech they belong to:
- •6. Summarize the text. Text 3
- •Internal Grinding Machines
- •1. Name the main points of the text answering the following questions:
- •2. Fill in the blanks using the words below:
- •3. Choose the right English equivalent to the following Russian sentence (Выберите верный английский эквивалент следующему русскому предложению):
- •Insert the proper words into the following sentences (Вставьте подходящие по смыслу слова в следующие предложения):
- •Choose the right variant (Выберите правильный вариант):
- •T exts for additional reading Unit 1
- •Industrial Engineering and Automation
- •Towards Flexible Production Facilities
- •Four Industrial Revolutions
- •The Role of Science in Manufacture
- •Unit 2 Milling Cutters with Helical Teeth
- •Special Milling machines
- •Unit 3 Turning a Profit by Reducing Set-ups
- •Modular Tooling is Key to Turning Productivity
- •Numerically Controlled Chucking Lathe
- •Metal Removal Counts
- •Unit 4 Laser Drilling Technology
- •Laser drilling offers numerous benefits
- •Drilling Machines Model 2m57
- •Drilling Machines Model 2p53
- •Unit 5 Creep Feed Grinding
- •Ceramic Fills Gap between Aluminum Oxide and Superabrasives
- •Tip Grinder Boots Aero Performance
- •Список использованной и рекомендуемой литературы
- •Заключение
- •Оглавление
3. Find the words of the active vocabulary in the text. Translate the sentences they are used in.
4. Make up sentences out of the two parts:
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5. Answer the following questions:
What are the main components of a plain milling machine?
What is the base intended for?
Where is the electric coolant pump mounted?
What machine parts are housed within the column?
What machine parts are mounted on the external surfaces of the column?
Why is the column internally ribbed?
What material is used for making the column?
Where is the overarm mounted?
What is knee? Where is it mounted?
Can you name the intermediate part between the knee and the table?
What is the table of a milling machine used for?
T ext 3
Milling Cutters
A milling cutter will give an efficient performance only when it is properly used. Correct operating conditions will enable the milling cutter to machine a whole batch of workpieces between grinds.
During operation the cutter is dulled due to wear caused by rubbing of the chip on the face and by the abrasive action of the work on the flank which contacts the cutting surface. During operation the wear on the flank is at all times in advance of the wear on the face until finally the area of wear merges with the crater. From that moment on, the wear sharply increases in intensity as the partly destroyed edge can’t cut normally. So-called catastrophic wear of the tool sets in. To remedy the situation, thick layers of metal have to be ground from the tooth face and flank to restore the correct geometry of the cutting edge.
In view of this, the milling machine operator should never allow the cutter reach the catastrophic wear stage; he should remove the cutter for resharpening immediately after normal wear is detected. The beginning of dulling is indicated by chatter, the appearance of a rough machined surface and excessive heating of the cutter due to increased friction.
Friction always increases the temperature of the cutting tool. This, in turn, impairs the hardness of its cutting edge and intensifies dulling. Therefore, a cutter becomes dull both due to wear and to excessive heating during milling.
The life of a milling cutter is determined by the time of its continuous operation between grinds.
Actually there exist several types of milling cutters. In vertical mills, milling cutters with solid shafts are usually used. Milling cutters with keyed holes are predominantly for use in horizontal mills. End mills are designed for cutting slots, keyways and pockets. Two fluted end mills can be used to plunge into work like a drill. End mills with more than two flutes should not be plunged into the work. Ball end mills can produce a fillet. Formed milling cutters can be used to produce a variety of features including round edges.
EXERCISES