- •Isbn 978-5-89838-619-1
- •Предисловие
- •Engineering profession
- •1. Read and memorize the following words and word-combinations:
- •2. From the list below choose English word-combinations which correspond to the following Russian ones:
- •The Engineering Profession
- •4. Make up sentences out of the two parts:
- •5. Give a brief summary of the text. Text 2 Engineering Specialities
- •1. Answer the following questions:
- •2. A) The following words are translator's "false friends" or pseudointernational. Write out their meanings which correspond to the context:
- •3. Put the following verbs in the alphabetical order and find their meanings in the dictionary. Then write out word-combinations with them from the text and translate them into Russian.
- •Exercises
- •1. Answer the following questions:
- •2. Translate the following international words, consult the dictionary, if necessary:
- •3. Make up sentences out of the two parts:
- •4. Complete the following diagram:
- •5. Try to translate the following text without using the dictionary: So What Is Engineering?
- •6. Give a brief summary of the text.
- •The Essential Triangle
- •Exercises
- •1. Answer the following questions:
- •2. Using the dictionary decide which of the following word-combinations are translator's "false friends" and which are international words, translate them into Russian:
- •3. Find in the text nouns derived from the following verbs and translate them:
- •4. Make up sentences out of the two parts:
- •5. Choose the definition that fits each word or phrase as it is used in the text:
- •6. Complete the table using information from the text:
- •7. Speak of the role of the scientist, the engineer and the technologist in technological and industrial progress using the following words and word-combinations:
- •1. Choose the sentences which are true to the information of Text1 (Выберите предложения, соответствующие информации текста 1):
- •2. Choose the right Russian equivalent to the following English sentence (Выберите верный русский эквивалент следующему английскому предложению):
- •3. Choose the right English equivalent to the following Russian sentence (Выберите верный английский эквивалент следующему русскому предложению):
- •Insert the proper words into the following sentences (Вставьте подходящие по смыслу слова в следующие предложения):
- •Unit 2 milling and milling machines
- •1. Read and memorize the following words and word-combinations:
- •2. From the list below choose English word-combinations which correspond to the following Russian ones:
- •Milling
- •1. Find in the text synonyms for the following English words:
- •2. Find in the text antonyms for the following English words:
- •3. Choose the definition that fits each word or phrase as it is used in the text:
- •4. Answer the following questions:
- •Text 2 Plain Milling Machines
- •1. Give different meanings of the following words:
- •2. Choose English equivalents to:
- •3. Find the words of the active vocabulary in the text. Translate the sentences they are used in.
- •4. Make up sentences out of the two parts:
- •5. Answer the following questions:
- •Milling Cutters
- •1. Find all the words with – ed endings in the text. State their origin. Translate the sentences into Russian.
- •2. Find in the text synonyms for the following English words:
- •3. Choose the definition that fits each word or phrase as it is used in the text:
- •3. Choose the right English equivalent to the following Russian sentence (Выберите верный английский эквивалент следующему русскому предложению):
- •Insert the proper words into the following sentences (Вставьте подходящие по смыслу слова в следующие предложения):
- •Unit 3 turning and turning machines (lathes)
- •1. Read and memorize the following words and word-combinations:
- •2. From the list below choose English word-combinations which correspond to the following Russian ones:
- •Types of lathes
- •1. Give the main points of the text, answering the following questions:
- •2. Choose synonyms out of the following list:
- •3. Fill in the blanks with the suitable words from the text. The words are given below:
- •4. Perform the following tasks, basing of the text:
- •5. Characterize lathes according to the following plan:
- •Engine Lathe
- •1. Give the main points of the text, answering the following questions:
- •2. Using the text, give derivatives from the following words and translate them into Russian:
- •3. Replace Russian words and word combinations by the corresponding English equivalents:
- •4. Make up questions to which the italicized words are answers:
- •5. Make up a summary of the text.
- •Vertical Eight - Spindle Semiautomatics
- •5. Give a brief summary of the text.
- •1. Choose the sentences which are true to the information of Text 1 (Выберите предложения, соответствующие информации текста 1):
- •2. Choose the right Russian equivalent to the following English sentence (Выберите верный русский эквивалент следующему английскому предложению):
- •3. Choose the right English equivalent to the following Russian sentence (Выберите верный английский эквивалент следующему русскому предложению):
- •Insert the proper words into the following sentences (Вставьте подходящие по смыслу слова в следующие предложения):
- •Unit 4 drilling and drilling machines
- •1. Read and memorize the following words and word-combinations:
- •2. From the list below choose English word-combinations which correspond to the following Russian ones:
- •Purpose and Field of Application of Drilling Machines
- •1. Answer the following questions, using the information from the text:
- •2. Translate the following groups of words, paying attention to the meaning of suffixes:
- •3. Fill in the blanks with the preposition: for, of, in, with, by, out, from, to:
- •4. Find the English equivalents for the following:
- •5. Supply the missing word:
- •Text 2 Upright Drill Presses
- •1. Underline the suffixes in the following words and state what part of speech they belong to:
- •2. Give different meanings of the following words:
- •3. Translate the following sentences observing different meanings of the italicized words and word combinations:
- •4. Guess the meaning:
- •5. Describe the function and characteristics of the principal units of an upright drill press, using the active vocabulary of the text:
- •6. Try to translate the text without using the dictionary:
- •Text 3 Radial Drills
- •1. Find in the text:
- •2. Find English equivalents:
- •4. Translate the following in writing.
- •5. Make a brief summary of the text.
- •1. Choose the sentences which are true to the information of Text 1 (Выберите предложения, соответствующие информации текста 1):
- •2. Choose the right Russian equivalent to the following English sentence (Выберите верный русский эквивалент следующему английскому предложению):
- •3. Choose the right English equivalent to the following Russian sentence (Выберите верный английский эквивалент следующему русскому предложению):
- •Insert the proper words into the following sentences (Вставьте подходящие по смыслу слова в следующие предложения):
- •2. From the list below choose English word-combinations which correspond to the following Russian ones:
- •Unit 5 grinding and grinding machines
- •1. Read and memorize the following words and word-combinations:
- •Purpose and Field of Application of Grinding Machines
- •Cylindrical Grinding Machines
- •1. Name the main points of the text answering the following questions:
- •2. Guess the meaning:
- •4. Find in the text verbs for the following nouns:
- •5. Underline the suffixes in the following words and state what part of speech they belong to:
- •6. Summarize the text. Text 3
- •Internal Grinding Machines
- •1. Name the main points of the text answering the following questions:
- •2. Fill in the blanks using the words below:
- •3. Choose the right English equivalent to the following Russian sentence (Выберите верный английский эквивалент следующему русскому предложению):
- •Insert the proper words into the following sentences (Вставьте подходящие по смыслу слова в следующие предложения):
- •Choose the right variant (Выберите правильный вариант):
- •T exts for additional reading Unit 1
- •Industrial Engineering and Automation
- •Towards Flexible Production Facilities
- •Four Industrial Revolutions
- •The Role of Science in Manufacture
- •Unit 2 Milling Cutters with Helical Teeth
- •Special Milling machines
- •Unit 3 Turning a Profit by Reducing Set-ups
- •Modular Tooling is Key to Turning Productivity
- •Numerically Controlled Chucking Lathe
- •Metal Removal Counts
- •Unit 4 Laser Drilling Technology
- •Laser drilling offers numerous benefits
- •Drilling Machines Model 2m57
- •Drilling Machines Model 2p53
- •Unit 5 Creep Feed Grinding
- •Ceramic Fills Gap between Aluminum Oxide and Superabrasives
- •Tip Grinder Boots Aero Performance
- •Список использованной и рекомендуемой литературы
- •Заключение
- •Оглавление
2. From the list below choose English word-combinations which correspond to the following Russian ones:
Hand-manipulated, rigid support, successive operations, distinguishing characteristics, to be reduced to a minimum, compressed air cushion, high-speed turning, tool steel, heat-resistant steel, carbide tool, non-cutting time, oiling system, interlocking system, operator safety, three-jaw chuck, short circuit, automatic switches, changeover, ferrous metals, non- ferrous metals, light alloys.
Безопасность оператора, подушка сжатого воздуха, система смазки, с ручным управлением, черные металлы, инструментальная сталь, последовательные операции, автоматические предохранители, твердосплавный резец, быть сведенным к минимуму, трехкулачковый патрон, отличительные характеристики, блокирующая система, жесткая опора, легкие сплавы, время простоя, высокоскоростная токарная обработка, цветные металлы, переналадка, короткое замыкание, жаростойкая сталь.
T ext 1
Types of lathes
A lathe is a machine tool in which the work is either rotated between two rigid supports called centers, or is held in chuck or on a face plate attached to the rotating spindle of the machine. On this machine the material is removed from the rotating work by the action of the cutting tool, which may be advanced either parallel or perpendicular to the axis of the work. The lathe is probably the most versatile and important tool in the machine shop.
The lathe is thought to be one of the first machines invented by man.
Modern lathes are highly efficient, accurate and complex devices, capable of doing a great quantity and variety of work. A well constructed engine lathe will, when properly operated, produce work accurate within 0.001 of an inch or even less.
Motion is transmitted to modern lathes by means of individual motors. Sometimes the motor is direct mounted, while on other machines it is connected by means of a short belt, usually of the V-type.
The size and capacity of a lathe is given in terms of swing and length of bed. The swing refers to the diameter of work that can be rotated in the lathe. Thus a 16-inch lathe will swing work as large as 16 inches in diameter. The length of a lathe should not be confused with the maximum distance between centers when the tailstock is moved to the rear end of the lathe bed. The maximum distance between centers however, determines the length of stock that can be machined.
Lathes are made in a wide variety of types and sizes, from the small precision lathe found in watch repair shops to the immense machine used in manufacturing big guns.
There also exist various attachments which can be employed on a lathe to perform functions or operations formerly done on a special machine: a milling attachment, a boring attachment and a gear-cutting attachment. Such devices greatly extend the variety of work that can be performed on a lathe.
As lathes in general are used for a great variety of operations, naturally there are many different designs and sizes. The most common type of lathes is .usually known by manufacturers as an engine lathe. The term "engine" in this connection simply means a machine, and designates that particular class of lathe which is hand-manipulated and used by machinists for general work. Lathe having gears which are changed for cutting threads of different pitch are sometimes known as plain or standard engine lathes. The tool-room lathe is classified according to the general class of work for which the lathe is designed. It is similar in appearance to an ordinary lathe, but has extra attachments and is generally considered a very accurate machine.
Other types of lathes which have some distinguishing characteristics are: the turret lathe, which is so named because tools for performing successive operations are held in a revolving turret; the bench lathe, which in so small that it is mounted on a bench, and intended for delicate work usually requiring considerable accuracy; the precision lathe, which is usually a bench-type that is capable of very accurate work and is more expensive than an ordinary bench lathe; the gap lathe, which has a gap formed in the bed in front of the face plate in order to increase the “swing” or maximum diameter that may be revolved.
The lathe consists essentially of a bed, headstock, tailstock and saddle.
The main casting of the lathe is called the bed, and usually consists of a good quality grey iron casting of rigid design.
The Headstock is bolted rigidly to the bed at the left-hand end. It carries the lathe spindle and gear-box.
The Tailstock consists of a casting fitted to the bed and capable of being firmly clamped to it at any position along its length. The casting is bored for a sliding sleeve which is moved axially by a handwheel at the right-hand end.
The saddle consists of a casting designed to carry the tool post slides, and is fitted to the ways of the bed so that it may slide along it without lateral movement. The front of this casting is called the apron.
EXERCISES