- •Contents
- •Предисловие
- •Unit I. Civil engineering and ArChitecture
- •All Tenses Compared
- •Entry Test
- •I. Define the tense of the verb.
- •II. Choose the right translation of the predicate.
- •Grammar Study
- •Variant I
- •Variant II
- •Word Study
- •1. Study your active vocabulary.
- •2. Read these international words and try to guess their meaning.
- •3. Match the phrases:
- •4. Fill in the blanks:
- •Reading Practice Text 1
- •1. Read the text to yourself and try to understand what it is about.
- •2. While reading the text find the sentences where the Present Indefinite Active is used.
- •Test Paper
- •3. Read the text once more. Find the most informative sentences or parts of the sentences. Put them in order and reproduce the text. Text 2
- •1. Read the text to yourself and answer the question: What are civil engineers responsible for?
- •2. Make sure you understand the following words and phrases:
- •3. Read the text again and answer the questions given below:
- •1. Read the text and be ready to speak about modern technologies in building industry.
- •2. Answer the questions:
- •3. Look through the text about the 52-storied skyscraper and try to list all the innovations of this building project. Be ready to discuss their advantages with your partner. Conversational Practice
- •1. Remember some of the words and expressions to read the dialogue:
- •2. Read the dialogue “Ecological problems in building industry”:
- •Progress Test 1
- •2. Choose the right variant of the translation of the following sentences.
- •3. Choose the right variant to complete the sentences.
- •Unit II. Energy efficiency Past Indefinite
- •Participle II
- •Entry Test
- •I. Define the underlined forms:
- •II. Choose the right translation of the underlined V-ed forms:
- •Grammar Study
- •Test Paper
- •Variant I
- •Variant II
- •Word Study
- •1. Study your active vocabulary:
- •2. Recognize familiar words:
- •3. Match the phrases:
- •4. Fill in the blanks:
- •Reading Practice Text 1
- •1. Read the text to yourself and try to understand what it is about.
- •2. Scan through the text. Note all the words and phrases you don’t know. Look them in the English-Russian dictionary.
- •3. Find the sentences where Participle II is used.
- •4. Read the text once more and tell what information was new for you. Give your comments about this information. Text 2
- •1. Read the text to yourself and answer the question: Why is it so important to calculate air exchange rates?
- •2. Read the text again and answer the questions given below:
- •3. Look through the texts again and be ready to speak about “Toxic Materials in Modern Buildings”. Text 3
- •1. Read the text without the dictionary:
- •Conversational Practice
- •Progress Test 2
- •II. Choose the right variant of the translation of the following sentences:
- •III. Choose the right variant to complete the sentences:
- •Passive Voice (Страдательный залог)
- •Entry Test
- •I. Define the tense of the underlined passive constructions:
- •II. Choose the right translation of the underlined passive constructions:
- •Grammar Study
- •Reading Practice Text 1
- •4. Say what information was new for you. Comment on it. Text 2
- •1. Read the text and answer the question: Where and when was the first degree conferred?
- •3. Answer the questions:
- •4. Report on the types of degrees. Conversational Practice
- •1. Remember some of the words and expressions to read the dialogue:
- •2. Read the dialogue “Taking a Course”:
- •3. Answer the questions:
- •Progress Test 3
- •II. Choose the right variant of the translation of the following sentences:
- •III. Complete the sentences given below:
- •Unit IV. Science. General Problems The Sequence of Tenses
- •Entry Test 4
- •I. Open the brackets, put the necessary forms of the verbs and comment on the usage of the tenses in the sentences given below:
- •II. Choose the right translation of the underlined part of the sentence:
- •Grammar Study
- •Test Paper
- •Variant I
- •Variant II
- •Word Study
- •7. Fill in the blanks:
- •Reading Practice Text 1
- •1. Read the text to yourself and try to understand what it is about.
- •2. Scan through the text. Note all the words and phrases you don’t know. Look them in the English-Russian dictionary.
- •3. Read the text carefully once more. Find the most informative sentences or parts of the sentences. Put them in logical order and express your opinion. Text 2
- •1. Read the text. Identify the topic sentence and the sentences developing its idea.
- •Conversational Practice
- •Progress Test 4
- •II. Choose the right variant of the translation of the following sentences:
- •III. Complete the sentences given below:
- •Unit V. Hvac engineering Single Infinitive
- •Entry Test
- •I. Open the brackets, choose the necessary form of Infinitive.
- •1. Study your active vocabulary:
- •2. Match the phrases:
- •Reading Practice Text 1
- •1. Read the text and give it a title.
- •II. Translate into Russian:
- •Grammar Study
- •Word Study
- •2. Read the text again and answer the questions given below:
- •3. Look through the texts again and be ready to speak about “What knowledge and skills does hvac engineering involve”. Self-Training Work Text 2
- •1. Read the advertisement of “Redmond hvac Company” to yourself and underline main advantages of their systems.
- •2. Translate the text in written form.
- •Conversational Practice
- •1. Remember some of the words and expressions to read the dialogue:
- •2. Read the dialogue “Job Interview”:
- •3. Answer the questions:
- •4. Role-play a dialogue with your partner on the topic “Job Interview”. Use set expressions and phrases given below:
- •Unit VI. Water Supply Engineering
- •Формы на -ing
- •Причастие с относящимися к нему словами образуют оборот
- •Independent Participle Construction
- •Герундий с относящимися к нему словами образует оборот Gerundial Construction
- •Entry Test
- •I. Open the brackets, choose the necessary form of Participle
- •II. Open the brackets using Gerund in Active or Passive form.
- •Grammar Study
- •Word Study
- •1. Study your active vocabulary:
- •Reading Practice Text 1
- •1. Scan through the text. Note all the words and phrases you don’t know. Look them in the English-Russian dictionary.
- •2. Say what information was new for you. Comment on it.
- •3. Answer the questions:
- •4. Give the annotation of the text. Conversational Practice
- •1. Remember some of the words and expressions to read the dialogue:
- •2. Read the dialogue “Water Supply Engineering in the World”:
- •Unit VII. Transport engineering and communications Modal Verbs
- •Entry Test
- •I. Chose the necessary modal verb.
- •II. Translate the sentences into English using modal verbs can, may, needn’t.
- •Grammar Study
- •Word Study
- •1. Study your active vocabulary:
- •2. Match the phrases:
- •Reading Practice Text 1
- •1. Scan through the text. Note all the words and phrases you don’t know. Look them in the English-Russian dictionary.
- •Self-Training Work Text 2
- •Conversational Practice
- •1. Remember some of the words and expressions to read the dialogue:
- •2. Read Sample Job Interview Dialogue:
- •3. Answer the questions:
- •4. Role-play the dialogue with your partner using the information from the text.
- •5. Be ready to discuss the topic: “Applying for a job in transport company”. Use set expressions and phrases given below:
- •Ignacy Domeyko
- •Text 2 Kazimir Semenovich
- •Text 3 Barys Kit
- •References
Unit II. Energy efficiency Past Indefinite
Образование: V + ed или II форма нестандартного глагола.
Past Simple употребляется, как правило, с обстоятельствами (yesterday, last month (year) a week ago), a также с датами относящимися к прошлому in 1960 Before Christ (B.C. – до н.э.)
He presented his papers to a physical journal a week ago.
Participle II
Образование: V + ed или III форма нестандартного глагола.
В предложении Participle II может быть:
1. Определением. В функции определения Participle II может стоять до и после определяемого слова.
The book written by this author are very interesting.
Книга, написанная этим автором, очень интересна.
Обратите особое внимание на перевод предложений, где за подлежащим следует два слова с окончанием -ed. Первое из них, обычно, является определением в форме Participle II и при переводе ставится перед определяемым словом, второе является сказуемым в Past Simple.
The device invented showed good performance.
Изобретённый прибор показал хорошую работу.
2. Обстоятельством. В функции обстоятельства перед Participle II обычно стоят союзы when, if, unless, as.
As seen from the article these students were the best.
Как видно из статьи эти студенты были лучшими.
3. Часть сказуемого. В страдательном залоге и временах группы Perfect.
They have considerably developed their work last year.
Они значительно усовершенствовали работу в прошлом году.
Entry Test
I. Define the underlined forms:
1. The coal bought last year isn’t suite for power plant now.
a) Participle II;
b) Past Indefinite.
2. He put his record book before a lecturer.
a) Participle II;
b) Past Indefinite.
3. Name some words learned by you.
a) Participle II;
b) Past Indefinite.
4. He was doing his test paper given by his teacher.
a) Participle II;
b) Past Indefinite.
5. Yesterday we were at the conference organized by our Institute.
a) Participle II;
b) Past Indefinite.
6. The great majority of examples included in this book were typical of spoken English.
a) Past Indefinite;
b) Participle II.
7. Our lessons began at 8 o’clock last year.
a) Participle II;
b) Past Indefinite.
8. The man given you this task was our teacher of English.
a) Participle II;
b) Past Indefinite.
9. She advised him to enter BNTU.
a) Participle II;
b) Past Indefinite.
10. Tennis is the most popular game in England played all the year round.
a) Participle II;
b) Past Indefinite.
II. Choose the right translation of the underlined V-ed forms:
1. The house built in our region is very nice.
a) строили;
b) построенный;
c) перестроенный.
2. They built this nice house two years ago.
a) построенный;
b) построили;
c) строят.
3. The scientist opened this method of investigation is well-known in our country.
a) открывающий;
b) открыл;
c) открывший.
7. He thought about his examinations.
a) продуманный;
b) задуманный;
c) думал.
8. The suggestion made by the chairman was very good.
a) сделавший;
b) сделанное;
c) сделать.
9. This is my record book received two days ago.
a) получивший;
b) получающий;
c) полученная.
10. A new method found by the architect was very progressive.
a) находившийся;
b) найденный;
c) находить.