- •Contents
- •Предисловие
- •Unit I. Civil engineering and ArChitecture
- •All Tenses Compared
- •Entry Test
- •I. Define the tense of the verb.
- •II. Choose the right translation of the predicate.
- •Grammar Study
- •Variant I
- •Variant II
- •Word Study
- •1. Study your active vocabulary.
- •2. Read these international words and try to guess their meaning.
- •3. Match the phrases:
- •4. Fill in the blanks:
- •Reading Practice Text 1
- •1. Read the text to yourself and try to understand what it is about.
- •2. While reading the text find the sentences where the Present Indefinite Active is used.
- •Test Paper
- •3. Read the text once more. Find the most informative sentences or parts of the sentences. Put them in order and reproduce the text. Text 2
- •1. Read the text to yourself and answer the question: What are civil engineers responsible for?
- •2. Make sure you understand the following words and phrases:
- •3. Read the text again and answer the questions given below:
- •1. Read the text and be ready to speak about modern technologies in building industry.
- •2. Answer the questions:
- •3. Look through the text about the 52-storied skyscraper and try to list all the innovations of this building project. Be ready to discuss their advantages with your partner. Conversational Practice
- •1. Remember some of the words and expressions to read the dialogue:
- •2. Read the dialogue “Ecological problems in building industry”:
- •Progress Test 1
- •2. Choose the right variant of the translation of the following sentences.
- •3. Choose the right variant to complete the sentences.
- •Unit II. Energy efficiency Past Indefinite
- •Participle II
- •Entry Test
- •I. Define the underlined forms:
- •II. Choose the right translation of the underlined V-ed forms:
- •Grammar Study
- •Test Paper
- •Variant I
- •Variant II
- •Word Study
- •1. Study your active vocabulary:
- •2. Recognize familiar words:
- •3. Match the phrases:
- •4. Fill in the blanks:
- •Reading Practice Text 1
- •1. Read the text to yourself and try to understand what it is about.
- •2. Scan through the text. Note all the words and phrases you don’t know. Look them in the English-Russian dictionary.
- •3. Find the sentences where Participle II is used.
- •4. Read the text once more and tell what information was new for you. Give your comments about this information. Text 2
- •1. Read the text to yourself and answer the question: Why is it so important to calculate air exchange rates?
- •2. Read the text again and answer the questions given below:
- •3. Look through the texts again and be ready to speak about “Toxic Materials in Modern Buildings”. Text 3
- •1. Read the text without the dictionary:
- •Conversational Practice
- •Progress Test 2
- •II. Choose the right variant of the translation of the following sentences:
- •III. Choose the right variant to complete the sentences:
- •Passive Voice (Страдательный залог)
- •Entry Test
- •I. Define the tense of the underlined passive constructions:
- •II. Choose the right translation of the underlined passive constructions:
- •Grammar Study
- •Reading Practice Text 1
- •4. Say what information was new for you. Comment on it. Text 2
- •1. Read the text and answer the question: Where and when was the first degree conferred?
- •3. Answer the questions:
- •4. Report on the types of degrees. Conversational Practice
- •1. Remember some of the words and expressions to read the dialogue:
- •2. Read the dialogue “Taking a Course”:
- •3. Answer the questions:
- •Progress Test 3
- •II. Choose the right variant of the translation of the following sentences:
- •III. Complete the sentences given below:
- •Unit IV. Science. General Problems The Sequence of Tenses
- •Entry Test 4
- •I. Open the brackets, put the necessary forms of the verbs and comment on the usage of the tenses in the sentences given below:
- •II. Choose the right translation of the underlined part of the sentence:
- •Grammar Study
- •Test Paper
- •Variant I
- •Variant II
- •Word Study
- •7. Fill in the blanks:
- •Reading Practice Text 1
- •1. Read the text to yourself and try to understand what it is about.
- •2. Scan through the text. Note all the words and phrases you don’t know. Look them in the English-Russian dictionary.
- •3. Read the text carefully once more. Find the most informative sentences or parts of the sentences. Put them in logical order and express your opinion. Text 2
- •1. Read the text. Identify the topic sentence and the sentences developing its idea.
- •Conversational Practice
- •Progress Test 4
- •II. Choose the right variant of the translation of the following sentences:
- •III. Complete the sentences given below:
- •Unit V. Hvac engineering Single Infinitive
- •Entry Test
- •I. Open the brackets, choose the necessary form of Infinitive.
- •1. Study your active vocabulary:
- •2. Match the phrases:
- •Reading Practice Text 1
- •1. Read the text and give it a title.
- •II. Translate into Russian:
- •Grammar Study
- •Word Study
- •2. Read the text again and answer the questions given below:
- •3. Look through the texts again and be ready to speak about “What knowledge and skills does hvac engineering involve”. Self-Training Work Text 2
- •1. Read the advertisement of “Redmond hvac Company” to yourself and underline main advantages of their systems.
- •2. Translate the text in written form.
- •Conversational Practice
- •1. Remember some of the words and expressions to read the dialogue:
- •2. Read the dialogue “Job Interview”:
- •3. Answer the questions:
- •4. Role-play a dialogue with your partner on the topic “Job Interview”. Use set expressions and phrases given below:
- •Unit VI. Water Supply Engineering
- •Формы на -ing
- •Причастие с относящимися к нему словами образуют оборот
- •Independent Participle Construction
- •Герундий с относящимися к нему словами образует оборот Gerundial Construction
- •Entry Test
- •I. Open the brackets, choose the necessary form of Participle
- •II. Open the brackets using Gerund in Active or Passive form.
- •Grammar Study
- •Word Study
- •1. Study your active vocabulary:
- •Reading Practice Text 1
- •1. Scan through the text. Note all the words and phrases you don’t know. Look them in the English-Russian dictionary.
- •2. Say what information was new for you. Comment on it.
- •3. Answer the questions:
- •4. Give the annotation of the text. Conversational Practice
- •1. Remember some of the words and expressions to read the dialogue:
- •2. Read the dialogue “Water Supply Engineering in the World”:
- •Unit VII. Transport engineering and communications Modal Verbs
- •Entry Test
- •I. Chose the necessary modal verb.
- •II. Translate the sentences into English using modal verbs can, may, needn’t.
- •Grammar Study
- •Word Study
- •1. Study your active vocabulary:
- •2. Match the phrases:
- •Reading Practice Text 1
- •1. Scan through the text. Note all the words and phrases you don’t know. Look them in the English-Russian dictionary.
- •Self-Training Work Text 2
- •Conversational Practice
- •1. Remember some of the words and expressions to read the dialogue:
- •2. Read Sample Job Interview Dialogue:
- •3. Answer the questions:
- •4. Role-play the dialogue with your partner using the information from the text.
- •5. Be ready to discuss the topic: “Applying for a job in transport company”. Use set expressions and phrases given below:
- •Ignacy Domeyko
- •Text 2 Kazimir Semenovich
- •Text 3 Barys Kit
- •References
Grammar Study
Study grammar again and do the following exercises.
Ex 1. In every sentence find Participle II and underline it:
1. Belarusian architects made a great contribution to eco-building industry.
2. “Turning Torso” designed by Spanish architect Santiago Calatrava was the first turning skyscraper in Sweden.
3. Civil engineers decided to build a skyscraper without professional training never manage to do this.
4. When a new control system was installed it operated at peak efficiency.
5. The construction cite equipped with modern apparatus is our proud.
6. A man presented us with flowers was unknown to us.
7. The complaint given to our chief was not true.
Ex 2. Give Russian equivalents of the following phrases:
1. The improvements proposed by an architect...
2. The chemicals allowed to use...
3. The innovative project made in BNTU...
4. A decision found by an engineer...
5. A economic recession fixed by the government…
6. An excellent mark given by the lecture...
Ex 3. Put Participle II instead of infinitive in brackets:
1. The test (to write) in the classroom was correct.
2. This book (to take) in the library was very interesting.
3. As (to see) from the list this student was sent down.
4. Toxic materials (to add into) the substance was found.
5. The job of a civil engineer (to require) special qualification is a difficult one.
6. The contract (to sign) by two sides is a valuable document.
Test Paper
Translate the sentences from English into Russian.
Variant I
1. His information about this process followed by great surprise.
2. The head of the department, appointed last week, was a very kind man.
3. The model described by this scientist was of great importance for modern science long ago.
4. This brickwork made by the workers were fixed with mortar.
5. Quantitative measurements of building material’s efficiency were available to help our engineers in making right decision.
Variant II
1. It must be admitted that the choice of building materials can be analyzed from different points of view.
2. His attitude to the question was a problematic one.
3. The postgraduate student awarded Master’s Degree was rather clever.
4. The work suggested by the chief of the construction was not an easy one.
5. The lecture attended by all the students was of great importance for them.
Word Study
1. Study your active vocabulary:
energy costs – энергозатраты
environmentally sustainable – не наносящий вреда окружающей среде
energy efficiency – энергоэффективность
luminous efficiency – световая отдача
quantitative measurements – количественные измерения
insulating value – изоляционная способность
recycled materials – переработанное сырье
composite elements – составные элементы
cancer-causing chemicals – химические соединения, являющиеся причиной онкологических заболеваний
sustainable materials – экологически чистые материалы long-term energy costs – долгосрочные затраты на энергоносители
R-value – расчетный коэффициент термоустойчивости
operating a building – эксплуатация здания
shading coefficient – коэффициент экранирования
building envelope – внешнее покрытие здания
petrochemical-derived foams – материалы, полученные из продуктов переработки нефти
fenestration – распределение оконных проемов
overhang – консольная часть здания
system efficiency – КПД системы
adhesives – склеивающие строительные материалы
airtight – герметический
plywood – клееная фанера
air scrubbers – воздушные фильтры
“sick building syndrome” – термин, используемый для описания недомоганий, связанных с нехваткой воздуха
particle board – древесностружечная плита
air exchange (cycling) rates – коэффициент инфильтрации
molds – плесень