1 Answer the following questions:

1 What was the consequence of the 1648 Peace of Westphalia?

2 Which organizations influence world affairs?

3 What are the 2 principal types of international organizations?

4 What are peculiar criteria of IGOs?

5 What issues do the “networks of interdependence“ span?

6 Which part of the “networks of interdependence“ belongs to IGOs and NGOs?

7 How widely do IGOs vary in their purposes and breadth of membership?

8 What are usual purposes of most IGOs?

9 What are the criteria and functions of NGOs?

10 What is the relationship between IGOs and NGOs?

2 Give Russian equivalents for the following word-combinations:

secular authority, reassertion of authority, supranational institutions, diverse in scope and purpose, to undermine continuing autonomy, to manage global change, to maintain comprehensive information, to measure international organization, conventionally defined organizations, overlapping memberships, networks of interdependence, entire range of global issues, breadth of membership, economic interdependence, expansion of activities, due to diversity, universal membership organizations, to span every facet, borderless globalized world, intersocietal organizations.

3 Give English equivalents for the following words and word-combinations:

взаимодействие государств, определять мировую политику, выходить за национальные границы, оказывать глобальное влияние, современная информация, иметь в виду, оставаться выдающимся, состоять из государств, быть ограниченным в членстве и целях, узкий спектр, проведение общей политики.

4 Make up nouns from the following verbs and adjectives using suffixes:

to sign, to reassert, to bound, to perform, to exert, to grow, to describe, to exist, to continue, to manage, to maintain, to interpret, to identify, to define, to cite, to add, to include, to represent, to defend, to persist, to derive, to compose, to approximate, to promote, to engage, to reflect, to produce, to expand, to agree, to pursue, to advance, to allow, to participate, to correlate;

capable, significant, supreme, diverse, comprehensive, permanent, regular, entire, legal, broad, particular, active.

5 Make up adjectives using suffixes:

peace, Europe, history, Universe, region, globe, religion, autonomy, principle, government, commerce, institution, convention, defense, economy, health, culture, environment, crime, science, character, authority, function, care, society;

to depend, to create, to dominate, to vary, to continue, to pervade, to comprehend, to communicate, to respect, to relate, to include, to cooperate, to persist, to derive, to compare, to produce, to use, to help, to extend, to describe.

6 Give as many synonyms as possible to the following words:

to create, to integrate, to shape, to undermine, to manage, to span, to persist, to limit;

treaty, interaction, affair, scope, alliance, cooperation;

dominant, severe, diverse, continuing, complex, entire, preeminent.

7 Give antonyms adding negative affixes if necessary:

secular, capable, significant, regular, permanent, direct, normal, conventional, available, complex, legal, governmental, important, broad, limited, different, useful.

8 Explain the meaning of the following adverbs and make up sentences with them:

significantly, severely, sharply, relatively, conventionally, primarily, comparatively, virtually, formally.

9 Insert prepositions where necessary:

1 Most IGOs engage … a comparatively narrow range … activities the purposes … which are usually economic and social.

2 The history … world politics … the past 350 years has largely been a chronicle … interactions … states.

3 It is useful to think … NGOs as intersocietal organizations that help promote agreements … states … issues … international public policy.

4 The 1648 Peace … Westphalia ended the secular authority … the Pope … creating sovereign and independent territorial states.

5 IGOs are all composed … states, but vary widely … their purposes and breadth … membership.

6 The variation … the organizations … each subcategory is great, particularly … single-purpose IGOs.

7 … principle, IGOs are defined … permanence and institutional procedures.

8 … instance, more than one thousand NGOs actively consult … various agencies … the extensive UN system and maintain … offices … more than one hundred cities.

9 IGOs meet … relatively regular intervals, and have specified procedures … making decisions and a permanent secretariat or headquarters staff, although they do not have direct access … many … the material resources normally available … states.

10 The partnership … NGOs and IGOs enables both types to work together … pursuit … common policies and programs.