- •Пособие по теории и истории международных отношений
- •Содержание
- •Unit 1 continuity, change, and cycles in world politics
- •1 Answer the following questions:
- •2 Give Russian equivalents for the following word-combinations:
- •7 Translate from Russian into English:
- •8 Questions for discussions:
- •Unit 2 the emergence of the modern state system
- •Geopolitics
- •1 Answer the following questions:
- •2 Give Russian equivalents for the following word-combinations:
- •3 Give English equivalents for the following words and word-combinations:
- •4 Make up nouns from the following verbs and adjectives using suffixes:
- •9 Translate from Russian into English:
- •10 Questions for discussions:
- •Unit 3 how states make foreign policy decisions to cope with international circumstances Military Capabilities
- •Economic Characteristics
- •Type of Government
- •1 Answer the following questions:
- •2 Give Russian equivalents for the following word-combinations:
- •3 Give English equivalents for the following words and word-combinations:
- •4 Make up nouns from the following verbs and adjectives using suffixes:
- •5 Give as many synonyms as possible to the following words:
- •6 Give antonyms adding negative affixes, if necessary:
- •7 Explain the meaning of the following adverbs and make up sentences with them:
- •8 Insert prepositions where necessary:
- •9 Translate from Russian into English:
- •10 Questions for discussions:
- •Unit 4 the role of leaders in foreign policy decision making
- •Factors Affecting the Capacity to Lead
- •1 Answer the following questions:
- •2 Give Russian equivalents for the following word-combinations:
- •3 Give English equivalents for the following words and word-combinations:
- •4 Make up nouns from the following verbs and adjectives using suffixes:
- •5 Give as many synonyms as possible to the following words:
- •6 Give antonyms adding negative affixes if necessary:
- •7 Explain the meaning of the following adverbs and make up sentences with them:
- •8 Insert prepositions where necessary:
- •9 Translate from Russian into English:
- •10 Questions for discussions:
- •Unit 5 great-power rivalries and relations
- •The quest for great-power hegemony
- •The First World war
- •The Consequences of World War I
- •The Second World war
- •The Consequences of World War II
- •The Cold war
- •Consequences of the Cold War
- •The future of great-power politics: a cold peace?
- •Scenarios for the Twenty-First Century
- •1 Answer the following questions:
- •2 Give Russian equivalents for the following word-combinations:
- •3 Give English equivalents for the following words and word-combinations:
- •4 Make up nouns from the following verbs and adjectives using suffixes:
- •5 Give as many synonyms as possible to the following words:
- •6 Give antonyms adding negative affixes if necessary:
- •7 Explain the meaning of the following adverbs and make up sentences with them:
- •8 Insert prepositions where necessary:
- •9 Translate from Russian into English:
- •10 Questions for discussions:
- •Unit 6 the plight and policy posture of the less developed global south
- •1 Answer the following questions:
- •2 Give Russian equivalents for the following word-combinations:
- •9 Translate from Russian into English:
- •10 Questions for discussions:
- •Unit 7 foreign aid to the global south
- •The Global South in the new millennium
- •1 Answer the following questions:
- •2 Give Russian equivalents for the following word-combinations:
- •3 Give English equivalents for the following words and word-combinations:
- •4 Make up nouns from the following verbs using suffixes:
- •5 Give as many synonyms as possible to the following words:
- •6 Give antonyms adding negative affixes if necessary:
- •7 Explain the meaning of the following adverbs and make up sentences with them:
- •8 Insert prepositions where necessary:
- •9 Translate from Russian into English:
- •10 Questions for discussions:
- •Unit 8 universal and regional intergovernmental organizations (igOs)
- •1 Answer the following questions:
- •2 Give Russian equivalents for the following word-combinations:
- •3 Give English equivalents for the following words and word-combinations:
- •4 Make up nouns from the following verbs and adjectives using suffixes:
- •5 Make up adjectives using suffixes:
- •10 Translate from Russian into English:
- •11 Questions for discussions:
- •Unit 9 nongovernmental actors on the world stage
- •Politically active minority groups: ethnopolitical nationalists and indigenous peoples in the fourth world
- •1 Answer the following questions:
- •2 Give Russian equivalents for the following word-combinations:
- •3 Give English equivalents for the following words and word-combinations:
- •4 Make up nouns from the following verbs and adjectives using suffixes:
- •5 Make up adjectives using suffixes:
- •6 Give as many synonyms as possible to the following words:
- •7 Give antonyms adding negative affixes if necessary:
- •8 Explain the meaning of the following adverbs and make up sentences with them:
- •9 Insert prepositions where necessary:
- •Unit 10 religious movements
- •10 Translate from Russian into English:
- •11 Questions for discussions:
- •1 The most active ngOs and their role in the world politics.
- •1 Answer the following questions:
- •1 What was the goal of the Crusades?
- •2 Give Russian equivalents for the following word-combinations:
- •3 Give English equivalents for the following words and word-combinations:
- •4 Make up nouns from the following verbs and adjectives using suffixes:
- •5 Make up adjectives using suffixes:
- •6 Give as many synonyms as possible to the following words:
- •7 Give antonyms adding negative affixes if necessary:
- •8 Explain the meaning of the following adverbs and make up sentences with them:
- •9 Insert prepositions where necessary:
- •10 Translate from Russian into English:
- •11 Questions for discussions:
- •12 Read the following passage, give literary translation, express your opinion. Religious Movements
- •Unit 11 trade and monetary issues in a globalized political economy
- •The Global context for interpreting contemporary world economic change
- •1 Answer the following questions:
- •2 Give Russian equivalents for the following word-combinations:
- •3 Give English equivalents for the following words and word-combinations:
- •4 Make up nouns from the following verbs and adjectives using suffixes:
- •10 Translate from Russian into English:
- •11 Questions for discussions:
- •Unit 12 world demographic patterns, problems and possibilities
- •Global demographic patterns and trends
- •1 Answer the following questions:
- •1 What is population growth altering?
- •2 Give Russian equivalents for the following word-combinations:
- •10 Translate from Russian into English:
- •11 Questions for discussions:
- •Unit 13 the ecological security and preservation of the global commons
- •1 Answer the following questions:
- •1 What are the current environmental problems?
- •2 Give Russian equivalents for the following word-combinations:
- •3 Give English equivalents for the following words and word-combinations:
- •4 Make up nouns from the following verbs and adjectives using suffixes:
- •5 Make up adjectives using suffixes:
- •6 Give as many synonyms as possible to the following words:
- •7 Give antonyms adding negative affixes if necessary:
- •8 Explain the meaning of the following adverbs and make up sentences with them:
- •9 Insert prepositions where necessary:
- •1 Security was equated … “national security“, which typically connoted freedom ... The fear, risk and danger posed … the threat … war.
- •10 Translate from Russian into English:
- •11 Questions for discussions:
- •12 Read the following passage, give literary translation, express your opinion. National Security and Environmental Security: Competing or Complementary?
- •The Making of an Ecological Disaster The Aral Sea
- •Unit 14 a global village?
- •The Telecommunications Revolution
- •The pc and the Internet
- •The Media: Markets or Monopoly?
- •Global Health or Global Infection?
- •Global Migration
- •1 Answer the following questions:
- •1 What is the “global village“?
- •2 Give Russian equivalents for the following word-combinations:
- •3 Give English equivalents for the following words and word-combinations:
- •4 Make up nouns from the following verbs and adjectives using suffixes:
- •5 Make up adjectives using suffixes:
- •6 Give as many synonyms as possible to the following words:
- •7 Give antonyms adding negative affixes if necessary:
- •8 Explain the meaning of the following adverbs and make up sentences with them:
- •9 Insert prepositions where necessary:
- •10 Translate from Russian into English:
- •11 Questions for discussions:
- •12 Read the following passage, give literary translation, express your opinion. The Internet Cyberspace: Pros and Cons
9 Translate from Russian into English:
В результате Вестфальского мира европейские правители отвергли власть Римской Католической церкви и систему папского правления, получив законное право установления любой формы правительства.
Для описания первичных единиц правления используются такие термины, как «государство» и «нация», однако мы должны быть осторожными в их употреблении, так как они не всегда взаимозаменяемы.
Говоря о внешней политике и механизме принятия ее решений, политики в первую очередь рассматривают цели, которые они хотят достичь за границей, ценности, которые лежат в основе их достижения, и средства для их достижения.
Как считают геополитики, именно местоположение страны, ее границы влияют на стиль внешней политики государства и на выбор политических лидеров.
Благодаря своему островному положению, Великобритания всегда имела возможность не вмешиваться в запутанные отношения и спорные моменты на континенте.
Многие страны, граничащие с экономически мощными державами, подвергаются вторжениям, так как они не могут состязаться с ними на равных условиях.
По мнению геополитиков, еще одним фактором, который влияет на поведение стран на международной арене, является контроль над морями, то есть страны с протяженной береговой линией и многочисленными портами имеют преимущество.
При выборе уместной внешней политики лидеры стран принимают во внимание не только местоположение страны, но и топографию, размеры страны и ее населения, климат, расстояние между странами.
10 Questions for discussions:
Peace of Westphalia and its consequences.
The terms “state” and “nation” and their relationship.
The influence of the geopolitical factor on a state’s foreign policy behavior.
Unit 3 how states make foreign policy decisions to cope with international circumstances Military Capabilities
The proposition that states’ internal capabilities shape their foreign policy priorities is supported by the demonstrable fact that states’ preparations for war strongly influence their later use of force. Thus while all states may seek similar goals, their ability to realize them will vary according to their military capabilities.
Because military capabilities limit a state’s range of prudent policy choices, they act as a mediating factor on leaders’ national security decisions. For instance, in the 1980s Libyan leader Muammar Qaddafi repeatedly provoked the United States through anti-American and anti-Israeli rhetoric and by supporting various terrorist activities. Qaddafi was able to act as he did largely because neither bureaucratic organizations nor a mobilized public existed in Libya to constrain his personal whims and militaristic foreign policy preferences. However, Qaddafi was doubtlessly more highly constrained by the outside world than were the leaders in the more militarily capable countries toward whom his anger was directed. Limited military muscle compared with the United States precluded the kinds of bellicose behaviors he threatened to practice.
Conversely, Saddam Hussein, the Iraqi dictator, made strenuous efforts to build Iraq’s military might (partly with the help of U.S. arms sales) and by 1990 had built the fourth-largest army in the world. Thus the invasion of Kuwait became a feasible foreign policy option. In the end, however, even Iraq’s impressive military power proved ineffective against a vastly superior coalition of military forces, headed by the United States, which forced Saddam Hussein to capitulate and withdraw from the conquered territory. The conflict reignited in 1998 when Iraq resisted UN inspection of its weapons-production facilities.