4. Answer the questions on the text:

1. How did Korolyov start his career?

2. What kind of works was he captivated by?

3. What did he devote all his great talent to?

4. What kind of engine did he install first?

5. Who tested the durable glider engine?

6. When was a rocket system under Korolyov’s guidance evolved?

7. Why is academician S.Korolyov is known as a great scientist and designer?

8. Why was it always interesting to listen to him?

5. Find in the text synonyms for

Always, prominent, to connect, investigation, to begin, to end, to assist, as, technique, to take part, to take place, to work out

6. Write all the words you know of the same root

Science, to explore, to know, to install, to use, to mean, to guide, man, think, to participate

7. Make up adjectives adding the suffixes -ful, -less, and/or –able and translate these words

Use, help, power, loss, home, tail, worth, value, consider, appreciate, compare, reason, obtain, avail

8. Open the brackets with the adjectives and complete the sentences, using combinations as…as, not so…as or put the adjective into superlative degree

1. Kyiv is (large) than Moscow. 2. John is (short) than William. 3. Henry is (tall) of all. 4. This summer is (hot) than last summer. 5. December 22 is (short) day of the year. 6. This is (beautiful) house in the city. 7. He is (good) student in the group. 8. Which is (large) city in our country? 9. Mathematics is (difficult) for me than physics. 10. The Dnieper is (long) river of Ukraine.

9. Speak about life and work of academician s.Korolyov

UNIT10. SCIENCE, SCIENTISTS AND TECHNOLOGY

1.Memorize the following words:

field – поле, галузь

relationship –відношення, взаємозв’язок

variety – різноманітність, різновид

to search – шукати

clue - ключ, клубок

cell – клітина, елемент

boundary – межа, кордон

tool – верстат, станок

shelter – притулок, захисток

nuclear – ядерний

steam engine – парова машина, паровий двигун

2. Translate the following international words without a dictionary

Latin, fact, structure, problem, system, method, theory, princi­ple, test, group, nature, basis, technology, machine, material, indus­try, aspect, radio, television, telephone, communication, metal, computer, type, symbol, temperature, thermometer, business, centre

3. Read and translate the text:

The word "science" comes from the Latin word "scientia", which means "knowledge". Science covers the broad field of knowledge that deals with facts and the relationship among these facts.

Scientists study a wide variety of subjects. Some scientists search for clues to the origin of the universe and examine the structure of the cells of living plants and animals. Other researchers investigate why we act the way we do, or try to solve complicated mathematical problems. Scientists use systematic methods of study to make observations and collect facts. They develop theories that help them order and unify facts. Scientific theories consist of general principles or laws that attempt to explain how and why something happens or has happened. A theory is considered to become a part of scientific knowledge if it has been tested experimentally and proved to be true.

Scientific study can be divided into three major groups: the natural, social, and technical sciences. As scientific knowledge has grown and become more complicated, many new fields of science have appeared. At the same time, the boundaries between scientific fields have become less and less clear. Numerous areas of science overlap each other and it is often hard to tell where one science ends and another begins. All sci­ences are closely interconnected.

Science has great influence on our lives. It provides the basis of mod­ern technology – the tools and machines that make our life and work easier. The discoveries and inventions of scientists also help shape our view about ourselves and our place in the universe.

Technology means the use of people's inventions and discoveries to satisfy their needs. Since people have appeared on the earth, they have had to get food, clothes, and shelter. Through the ages, people have invented tools, machines, and materials to make work easier.

Nowadays, when people speak of technology, they generally mean industrial technology. Industrial technology began about 200 years ago with the development of the steam engine, the growth of factories, and the mass production of goods. It influenced different aspects of people's lives. The development of the car influenced where people lived and worked. Radio and television changed their leisure time. The telephone revolutionized communication.

Science has contributed much to modern technology. Science at­tempts to explain how and why things happen. Technology makes things happen. But not all technology is based on science. For example, peo­ple had made different objects from iron for centuries before they learnt the structure of the metal. But some modern technologies, such as nu­clear power production and space travel, depend heavily on science.