4. Answer the questions on the text:

What is science, technology? How are they interconnected?

When did industrial technology begin?

.Who invented the steam engine? When?

4. When was radio invented? Who did it?

5. When was television invented? Who did it?

6. Who invented the telephone? When?

7. When was the first car and the first digital computer invented?

8. What famous scientists and inventors do you know? What scientific fields are you interested in?

5. Translate the following word combinations, paying atten­tion to the prepositions

comes from, the field of knowledge, deals with facts, among these facts, wide variety of subjects, search for clues to the origin of the uni­verse, consist of general principles, a part of scientific knowledge, can be divided into, new fields of science, at the same time, the boundaries between scientific fields, numerous areas of science, influence on our lives, the basis of modem technology, inventions of scientists, our views about, in the universe, on the earth, through the ages, speak of technol­ogy, about 200 years ago, with the development of the steam engine, the growth of factories, production of goods, aspect of people's lives, the development of the car, contributed much to modem technology, for example, from iron, for centuries, the structure of the metal.

6. Insert the proper preposition:

1. The word "science" comes …. the Latin word "scientia", which means "knowledge".

2. Science covers the broad field …. knowledge that deals …. facts and the relationship …. these facts.

3. Some scientists search … clues to the origin …the universe.

4. A theory is considered to become a part … scientific knowledge if it has been tested experimentally and proved to be true.

5. The discoveries and inventions … scientists also help to shape our view ….. ourselves and our place in the universe.

6. Peo­ple had made different objects … iron … centuries … they learnt the structure … the metal.

7. Technology means the use … people's inventions and discoveries to satisfy their needs.

8. The development … the car influenced where people lived and worked.

7. Use the following sentences to make questions. Begin your question with the words(s) in brackets

Model: I get up in the morning. (What time / usually?) What time do you usually get up?

1. I write a dictation. (How often?)

1. Tom works. (Where?)

2. Chemists discover new elements. (How often?)

3. Scientists carry out investigations. (Where / usually)?

4. Science influences our life. (Why?)

5. This mechanism breaks down. (How often?)

6. We send our works abroad. (Where?)

7. Our Professor told us about a new technol­ogy. (When?)

8. My friend made a report at the meeting. (When?)

9. You will prepare a paper for a scientific conference. (When?)

8. Speak about the role of science, scientists and technology in our life

UNIT11. ALBERT EINSTEIN.

1.Memorize the following words:

ability - здатність

discovery- відкриття

quantum theory – квантова теорія

to express – виражати, висловлювати

equation - рівність

roughly - приблизно

to solve- розв’язувати

unified field theory – єдина теорія поля

to combine - поєднувати

relativity – відносність

explanation – пояснення

2. Translate the following international words without a dictionary

Clerk, effect, energy, gravitation, idea, journal, logical, magic, magnetism, photoelectric, physical, physicist, problem, quantum, result, revolution, revolutionary, special, talented, theory, university

3. Read and translate the text:

Albert Einstein was born in Germany on March 14, 1879. His unusual ability to mathematics and physics began to show itself at a technical school in Zurich. At the age of 21, after four years of university study, Albert Einstein got a job as a clerk at an office. But already in 1905 he made revolutionary discoveries in science. He published three papers. In the first he explained the photoelec­tric effect by means of Planck's quantum theo­ry. The second paper de­veloped a mathematical theory of Brownian-motion. He presented his third paper on "Special Theory of Relativity" to a physical journal. Ein­stein expressed his theory in the equation E = me, roughly that energy equals mass times the square of the speed of light. All over the world scientists read the work with great surprise. Few physicists understood its impor­tance at that time. Everybody wanted to know as much as possible about the author.

Albert Einstein was a very talented man, a great think­er. He had an ability to look at the world with eyes full of wonder. All problems were new to him and he liked to solve them in his own way.

Einstein's fame among scientists grew slowly but surely. For a few years he lived in Prague where he worked as a professor. When he came to Prague, he often told his students: "I shall always try to help you. If you have a problem, come to me with it, we shall solve it together."

He liked questions and answered them at once, for there were no simple or foolish questions for him. He spoke much with his students about scientific problems and his new ideas. His advice to young students was, "Don't take easy problems."

Einstein continued his research. His unified field theory was the result of 35 years of intense work. He expressed it in four equations where he combined the physical laws that control forces of light and energy with the mysterious force of gravitation.

In 1922 Einstein got the Nobel Prize in physics not for the theory of relativity but for a logical explanation of the photoelectric effect.

He gave all his life to the increase of human knowledge. His ideas produced revolution in the natural science of the 20th century.