4. Answer the questions on the text:

1. What semiconductors do you know?

2. What can you say about one of the famous scientists of the world academician A.F. Yoffe?

3. What was academician Yoffe famous for?

4. Where are the semiconductors applied?

5. Where was a systematic theory of semiconductors developed?

6. How long was a solar battery that could provide enough power to meet the world’s demands?

7. Why do the scientists want to convert the solar energy?

8. Semiconducting elements may serve equally well as sources of heat and cold, may not they?

5. Pick up synonymic pairs out of the following list of words

To attain, investigation, since, to convert, to utilize, huge, sufficient, to demand, common, to regulate, ordinary, to achieve, research, significance, as, branch, to observe, to transform, to make use of, tremendous, enough, to require, usual, to control

6. Pick up antonymic pairs out of the following list of words

Early, narrow, low, to rise up, complex, to send, to find, absence, late, wide, high, to lower, to receive, to look for, simple, presence

7. Change the sentences according to the model. Add the necessary adverbial modifier

Model: 1. Semiconductors find their way to radio-receivers and television sets.

Semiconductors have found their way to radio-receivers and television sets lately.

1. Scientists study a wide variety of subjects.

2. Scientific knowledge is growing.

3. This invention has a great influence on our lives.

4. The new discovery makes our life easier.

5. Industrial technology in this field began some years ago.

6. Our engineers contribute much into modern technology.

7. We use the latest achievement in our work.

8. Radio and TV plays an important role in human life.

9. This power station provides our town with electricity.

10. We’re following your research with great interest.

8. Speak about semiconductors

UNIT18. YEVHEN PATON

1.Memorize the following words:

prominent - видатний

welding – зварювання

contribution –внесок

manual -посібник

to design - проектувати

over­passes -естакада

foundation – фундамент, основа

2. Translate the following international words without a dictionary

Academician, science, progress, university, institute, communication, method, professor, music, profession, laboratory, polytechnical

3. Read and translate the text:

Yevhen Paton, a prominent Ukrainian scientist in the field of bridge-building and welding, was born in Nice in 1870. He graduated from the Poly­technic Institute in Dresden, and later from the Institute of Engineers of Means of Communication in St. Petersburg.

From 1904 till 1939, with several breaks, Paton was a professor at the Polytechnic Institute of Kyiv. He made a valuable contribution to the sci­ence of designing bridges, the technology of their building and the meth­ods of testing them. He was the author of several fundamental manuals on the building of bridges, and some original projects for bridges and over­passes.

Later Paton got interested in welding. He wrote a great deal of works in the field of welding. He founded the Ukrainian school of welding.

In 1929 he organized the Laboratory of Electric Welding, where he was a director from 1934 till the last days of his life. He died in 1953 in Kyiv.

One of the longest bridge across the Dnipro (1.543 km long) is named after him.

Paton's son, Borys (born 1918), continued his father's career. He became an academician, too. He worked out new methods of welding and laid the foundations of welding in outer space.