30. 2.Translate the first two paragraphs of the text without dictionary

31. 3. Guess the meaning of highlighted words or phrases, explain them.

14. Reading the text and retelling it.

1. Kyz-Zhybek and Tolegen

Kyz-Zhibek - Kazakh poetic folk legend of the 16th century. There are many versions of this legend but all agree on the essential details of this story of lovers. It tells about the period in the Kazakh nations history when people suffered from bloody feuds. In those times each province of the Kazakh nation had its own Khan and each tried to supersede the other. The love story of Tolegen, the brave warrior, and the beauty Zhibek ends tragically because of inter-family strife. Tolegen is deceitfully murdered by Bekejan (the batyr, or nobleman of the rival family), who earlier competed for the hand of Zhibek. Zhibek commited suicide after learning about the death of Tolegen.

2. Victoria and Albert

In 1837 the 18-year-old Princess Victoria became the Queen of England. Three years later she married Albert, her first cousin from Germany, who was also 21. She was a cheerful girl and he was an honest, intelligent man, and throughout their marriage they were deeply in love. As Victoria was the Queen, Albert was not officially a king, but they were both highly respected and Victoria relied on Albert’s advice, especially regarding diplomatic matters. Yet his main devotion was to their family and their nine children. Albert died 40 years before Victoria, and devastated by the loss of her beloved prince, she never wore anything but black from then on.

3. Tristan and Isolde

There are many versions of this myth but all agree on the essential details of this story of star crossed lovers. Tristan was a knight sent to bring Isolde to his king, who she was supposed to marry. But before they reached the king’s court, Tristan and Isolde fell in love. The lovers had an affair but in the end separated. She married the king and he another girl. Yet, when he was dying from a poisoned wound, Tristan sent for Isolde. However, Tristan’s wife lied to him telling him that Isolde wasn’t coming. This news killed him. When Isolde arrived and found him dead, she died of a broken heart.

32. 2.Translate the first two paragraphs of the text without dictionary

33. 3. Guess the meaning of highlighted words or phrases, explain them.

15. Reading the text and retelling it.

How can smoking affect you health?

Tobacco products, including cigarettes, are dangerous and addictive. There is overwhelming medical and scientific evidence that smoking causes lung cancer, heart disease, emphysema, and other serious diseases. All tobacco products are addictive. It can be very difficult to quit smoking, but this should not deter smokers who want to quit from trying to do so.

Smoking is the single most important preventable cause of death. The secondary school age is a critical period in the formation of the smoking habit. Most smokers start smoking during their adolescence or early adult years. The earlier they start to smoke, the more likely they are to become regular smokers. Those concerned about the health, welfare and education of young people should be anxious to find ways to prevent them from taking up this habit.

Smoking is a major problem among youth in Kazakhstan. Schooling is the major activity of most children between the ages of 7 and 17 years and school is the place where most of them socialize outside their home environment for the first time. A school is the place where much knowledge is obtained, attitudes are formed and sometimes habits are chosen. Studies have demonstrated that the secondary school age is a critical period in the formation of the smoking habit. Experimenting with cigarettes often begins during childhood or early adolescence and there is usually a period of about 1.5 to 2 years between initiation of smoking and establishment of the smoking habit. Public health officials of Kazakhstan have concluded that secondhand smoke from cigarettes causes serious diseases in non-smokers, including lung cancer and heart disease. We believe the public health conclusions on secondhand smoke are sufficient to support smoking restrictions in public places.