Week 11

Tasks / Тапсырмалар:

1. Text “Components of automobile”

2. Grammar: Adverb

3. Dialogue “Shopping”

1. Read and translate the text components of the automobile

Basically, the automobile consists of three parts: the power plant, or the engine, the chassis and the body. To these may be added the accessories: the heater, lights, radio, speedometer and other devices.

The power plant or engine is the source of power that makes the wheels rotate and the car move. It includes electric, fuel, cooling and lubricating systems. Most automobile engines have six or eight cylinders.

The chassis consists of a power train, frame with axles, wheels and springs. The chassis includes brakes and steering system.

The power train carries the power from the engine to the car wheels and contains the clutch, gearbox, propeller or cardan shaft, differential and the final drive.

The clutch is a friction device connecting (or disconnecting) the engine crankshaft to the gears in the gearbox. It is used for freeing the gearbox from the engine and is controlled by the clutch pedal.

Brakes are important mechanisms of the car. They are used to slow or stop the car. Most braking systems in use today are hydraulic. They are operated by the brake pedal. When the driver pushes down on the brake pedal, they are applied and the car stops.

Translate and learn the new words:

1. body

2. car wheels

3. power train

4. power plant

5. springs

6. steering system

7. clutch

8. final drive

9. engine crankshaft

10. push down the pedal

11. brakes are applied

12. frame with axles

13. fuel system

14. lubricating system

15. accessories

Answer the questions:

1. What are the main basic parts of the automobile?

2. What does the chassis consist of?

3. What units does the power train contain?

4. What is the function of the clutch?

5. Why are brakes needed?

Choose the right variant:

1. The mechanism used for stopping the car is....

2. The mechanism used for changing the speed is....

a) clutch b) gearbox c) brakes

3. The mechanism used for connecting (or disconnecting) the engine from the gearbox is ....

a) brakes b) clutch c) steering system

4. The unit carrying the power from the engine to the car wheels is....

a) power plant b) power train c) chassis

5. The instrument measuring the speed of the car is…

a) heater b) lights с) speedometer

2. Grammar: Үстеу (The Adverb).

Іс-қимылдық кұй жайын білдіретін сөз табы үстеу деп аталады. Үстеу етістікке қатысты және де сөйлемде пысықтауыш қызметін атқарады.

He walks quickly. Ол жылдам жүреді.

I didn¢t see him yesterday. Мен оны кеше көрген жоқпын.

Үстеуді мағынасына қарай тoптау және оның сөйлемдегі орны.

Мекен үстеулер.

Мекен үстеулерге келесі сөздер жатады: here-осында, there-онда, where-қайда, somewhere, anywhere-бір жерде, nowhere-еш жерде, elsewhere-бір жерде, басқа жақта, far-алыс, near-жақын, inside-ішінде, outside-сыртында, above-жоғарыда, below-төменде.

We saw beautiful flowers there. Біз ана жақтан әдемі гүлдерді көрдік.

He went somewhere on Sunday. Ол жексенбі күні бір жерге барып келді.