10. The covert war against Yugoslavia

For one long decade, the West waged a fierce campaign to subjugate Yugoslavia.

Every means was utilized: support for violent secessionists, the imposition of severe sanctions, a 78-day bombardment, followed by forcible occupation of the region of Kosovo. The Yugoslav Federation withstood it all, In November 1998, President Clinton launched a plan for the overthrow of the government of Yugoslavia.

The initial emphasis of the plan centered on supporting secessionist forces in Montenegro and the right-wing opposition in Serbia. Several months later, while NATO bombs fell on Yugoslavia, Clinton signed a secret paper instructing the CIA to topple the Yugoslav government. The plan called for the CIA to secretly fund opposition groups and the recruitment of moles in the Yugoslav government and military.

There were several components to the plan, and assassination was a key element in the Western arsenal. On July 8, 1999, U.S. and British officials revealed that commando teams were training snatch operations to seize alleged war criminals and Yugoslav President Slobodan Milosevic. As an encouragement to mercenaries, the U.S. State Department also announced a $5 million bounty for President Milosevic.

The first publicly known Western plan to assassinate President Milosevic was drafted in 1992. Richard Tomlinson, a former British MI6 employee, later disclosed the plan. His task as an MI6 agent was to carry out undercover operations in Eastern Europe while posing as a businessman or journalist. During NATO’s war against Yugoslavia, a missile struck President Milosevic’s home on April 22, 1999.

Exercise 4. Translate into Russian in written form

1. Other treaties on the limitation of armaments are in the making.

2. Disarmament may be described as a policy of seeking agreements to limit armaments.

3. The problem of disarmament and arms control has become especially pressing with the elaboration of nuclear technology and missiles.

4. In 1971, the Conference of the Committee on Disarmament elaborated the Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production and Stockpiling of Bacteriological (biological) and Toxin Weapons and on the Destruction.

5. As far back as 1947 the General Assembly denounced all forms of propaganda designed to threaten or violate peace.

6. Bombs again exploded in Ben-Yehuda, the main pedestrian street in central Jerusalem. Early reports said that 6 people were killed, including the suicide-bombers, and more than 100 were wounded.

7. Russia and Japan pledged to sign a peace treaty by 2000, ending a century of war and mistrust. The two countries never formally ended second-world-war hostilities because of a territorial dispute over the Southern Kuriles.

8. The guerrillas, who have threatened to kill their hostages, have demanded the release of their imprisoned comrades.

9. The terrorists’ demand that the airline provide a plane will not be met by the deadline.

10. Plans for a UN rapid-deployment force took a step forward when Kofi Annan, the secretary-general, officially inaugurated the brigade staff.

11. Pakistan’s parliament gave the police sweeping new powers, including the right to shoot terrorist suspects on sight.

12. In Colombia, guerilla-ridden province of A., the governor appointed army and police officers to replace 4 mayors kidnapped to sabotage next month’s elections.

13. A government spokesman said the country’s President would meet the rebel leader, but the latter said there would be no ceasefire.

14. Curbing the arms race was vitally important, but the probability that my exertions would have any impact was infinitesimal.

15. I believe that continuation of this arms race will not reduce and probably will increase the already grave risk of nuclear war due to accident, escalation, miscalculation, or madness.

16. Reduction to the planned level of 1,700 nuclear warheads will not tell on the security of Russia.

17. India and Pakistan are racing to put warheads on fast-flying missiles to be launched at first warning.

18. We have this kind of system, S-300, and S-400 is now under development; deployable wherever necessary, although we aren't publicizing that. It exists in Israel too, and the US is developing such a system.

19. All prisoners of war will be handed out after the seasefire.

20. Within 10 years, 20 billion dollars will be allocated for the elimination of weapons of mass destruction.

21. A number of US senators unexpectedly began having doubts about the credibility of the stockpiles declared by us.

22. Nonproliferation is a set of policy strategies that aim to stop the spread of certain types of weapons, including: nuclear, chemical and biological weapons, strategic missiles.

23. Nonproliferation is an integral part of arms control that aims at curbing arms race and of disarmament that leads to reducing of arms or even elimination of a certain category of weapons of mass destruction.

24. As a champion of peace and a father of a new nation, Nelson Mandela is a hero in a world where heroes are few in number.

25. A century ago, a French politician was no more likely to advocate peace and detente with Germany than a modern Arab politician is likely to advocate peace and detente with Israel.

26. The U N should intervene militarily without further delay to end the bloodshed in East Timor.

27. Mr. Ivanov also said Russia reserved the right to intervene militarily in former Soviet states if the human rights of ethnic Russians were violated.

28. The problem of disarmament and arms control has become especially pressing with the elaboration of nuclear technology and missiles.

29. To ignore the objective connection between the cuts in strategic offensive weapons and limitation in ABM systems is to undermine strategic stability and international security.

30. Various countries are strongly opposed to missiles being stationed on their territory.

31. The Treaty of Lausanne laid down in Article 27 that Turkey shall not intervene in the affair of Cyprus.

32. The unprecedented destructive power of modern means of warfare demands the main actions should be directed towards preventing warfare.

33. Discussions could explore the economic problems that might follow disarmament and the question of security. Disarmament will release for civilian employment millions of people now serving in the armed forces and war industries.

Exercise 5. Translate the text into Russian