1. The ice in the river melts too quickly and causes a flood.

2. The ice in the river cracks causing the water to overflow.

3. The ice in the river cracks into pieces that eventually create a dam causing the water to overflow.

4. The water behind the ice dam collects and when the dam breaks, it causes flooding upstream.

6. How far can dam water travel when it is unleashed from a broken dam?

1. less than 10 kilometres

2. tens of kilometres

3. thousands of kilometres

4. tens of thousands of kilometres downstream

7. Why does saturated ground contribute to flooding problems?

1. the ground cannot absorb more moisture

2. the ground is too hard, so the water runs off

3. the ground forms a kind of dam

4. it remains frozen

8. What kinds of problems can floods cause?

1. death

2. widespread damage

3. destruction of plants and animals

4. all of the above

9. What is the most common natural disaster?

1. flood b) fire

100. wind damage d) rain

10. How does melting snow cause problems related to flooding?

1. it makes the rivers run too fast

2. it makes the water too cold

3. it causes pieces of ice to block the river

4. it makes the level of the river rise

Key: 1 a, b, d; 2 d; 3 c; 4 b; 5 c; 6 b; 7 a; 8 d; 9 b; 10 d.

3. Speaking

Do ex. 2, p. 100.

4. Reading and speaking

Do ex. 3. p. 100.

5. Summary

Do ex. 4, p.100

6. Homework

Write about your experience after a disaster.

Lesson 56 how green you are

Дата

Цілі: вдосконалювати лексичні навички й навички читання, а також вико­нання тестових завдань; розвивати логічне мислення; виховувати дбайливе ставлення до природи.

Procedure

1. Warm-up

Do ex. 1, p. 101.

2. Reading and writing

Do ex. 2. p. 101.

3. Reading and speaking

Do ex. 4, p. 103.

4. Speaking

Do ex. 5, p. 104.

5. Reading and speaking

Read the text and do the tasks.

THE COSTS OF PROGRESS

Human progress has reached the stage of intensive exploration of nu­clear and solar energy, the World Ocean and outer space. It is evident now, however, that often man is adversely affecting the environment and his ac­tivity is sometimes fraught with fatal consequences.

It is becoming increasingly clear that man cannot and must not use his tremendous power so carelessly, interfere in nature and radically try to change it, without taking into account possible negative effects of his economic activity.

The more material wealth people create, the more they realize that they cannot but be concerned about how the biosphere is changing as a result of productive activity. Current ecological research shows, that man, when overconcerned with technicism, far from turning deserts into oases, can turn oases into deserts, threatening to destroy every thing on the Earth. In the 19th century and even in the 20th century, material production did not take into account the consequences which man’s interference may have in the distant future. In the 20th and 21st centuries such a consideration is becoming vitally important. The pollution of many species of plans and ani­mals have now reached threatening proportions. An increasing influence on nature and using new technological processes may cause catastrophic results. Data concerning deaths from cancer say that more then 60 per cent of the cases are caused by various cancer-producing factors in the environ­ment.

So, the urgent problem of today is to understand that we depend on the Earth, our mother, that the earth environment is a wonderful, beautiful and complex system which is easily damaged by man’s thoughtless attacks upon it. It is a challenge for all of us to save it.

• True or false:

1. Human progress has reached the stage of cosmic pollution.

2. The intensive exploration of nuclear and solar energy adversely affects

the environment.

3. Man uses his power carelessly.

4. People can and must interfere in nature trying to change it.

5. The material standard of people’s living has grown.

6. People are overconcerned with making more technical devices which could make their life better.

7. Two centuries ago people didn’t think much of the consequences of man’s interference in nature.

8. They don’t think of it in the current century.

9. In 60 per cent cancer is caused by various factors of polluted environ­ment.

10. It is very complicated problem to restore the unity between man and nature.

• Answer the questions:

1. What stage has the human progress reached?

2. What are the results of man’s affecting the environment?

3. What is the connection between the material wealth of people and changes in biosphere?

4. Do scientists seek for the solution of the problem?

5. What does current ecological research show?

6. Did material production take into account the harmful consequences of progress two centuries ago?

7. Has this consideration changed in the 21st century?

8. What are the consequences of man’s intruding into nature?

9. What are the data concerning deaths from cancer?

10. Why should people decide this problem as soon as possible?

6. Speaking

Do ex. 7, p. 104.

7. Summary

Do ex. 6, p. 104.

8. Homework

Ex. 8, p. 104.

Цілі: вдосконалювати навички читання, аудіювання й усного мовлення; роз­вивати мовну здогадку й мовленнєву реакцію учнів; виховувати зацікавле­ність у розширенні своїх знань.

Дата

Procedure

1. Warm-up

Bring the pictures of disasters to the class. Ask students to label the pictures with the appropriate vocabulary:

Eruption, fire, wind, destroy, volcano, beach, tsunami, ash, earth­quake, building, shift, tremble, burn, rain, explode, changes in the wea­ther, heat pressure, lava, water, drown, tidal wave, cloud, rain, storm, flooding, shake, death, pressure from under the earth, destruction,

Ask and answer questions about each kind of natural disaster.

1. What is disaster 1?

2. Describe it.

3. What causes it?

4. What can it do? How can it affect humans?

2. Listening and speaking

Listen to a short text and put the jumbled words in the correct order in the task below.

I think there are more natural disasters now than before. Every time I turn on the news there’s some kind of disaster. There are bushfires in Australia and California, earthquakes in China, hurricanes in Mexico and droughts in Africa. I’m sure global warming is creating more natural dis­asters. I’m lucky. Where I live, we don’t really have natural disasters. I’ve never experienced anything like the things on TV. Japan has many natural disasters. They have earthquakes, typhoons, flooding, volcanoes, all kinds of things. They are lucky they have the money to deal with them. There are countries in Africa that aren’t rich. When a natural disaster hits them, everyone suffers terribly.

I think there are more natural disasters now than before. I Every turn time on the news disaster kind there’s of some. There are bushfires in Aust­ralia and California, earthquakes in China, hurricanes in Mexico Africa in droughts and. I’m warming global sure more creating is natural disasters. I’m lucky. Where I live, don’t natural really we have disasters. I’ve never experienced anything like the things on TV. Japan has many natural dis­asters. They have earthquakes, typhoons, flooding, volcanoes, all kinds of things. They are money deal they the to lucky have with them. There are countries in Africa that aren’t rich. When them disaster a hits natural, everyone suffers terribly.

• Work in pairs

Write five GOOD questions about natural disasters in the table. Do this in pairs. Each student must write the questions on his / her own paper.

When you have finished, interview other students. Write down their answers.

	Student 1	Student 2	Student 3
1
2
3
4
5

Now return to your original partner and share and talk about what you found out. Change partners often.

Make mini-presentations to other groups on your findings.