7. Complete the sentence. Закончитьпредложение:

An electric current is a flow of electrons along...

a) the particles were electrons

b) a metal wire or a conductor

8. Complete the sentence. Закончитьпредложение:

There are many measuring devices e. g....

a) galvanometers, voltmeters and others

b) slight changes every day

9. Complete the sentence. Закончитьпредложение:

The method of producing electricity directly from heat attracts...

1. problem of life

b) attention of scientists

10. Makethesentence. Составить предложение:

that, current, produced, action, metals, demonstrated, the, could, by, of, Volta, electric, be, the, dissimilar

Вариант 5

FROM RADIO TO ELECTRONICS

Текст 1

а) Прочтите вслух следующие слова и словосочетания, б) Определите значения этих слов по сходству их корней с соответствующими русскими словами:

electronics, progress, television, computer, technology, automation, national economy, electronic systems, electronic robots, radio-electronic systems, radio communication

1. Переведите следующие словосочетания с предлогом of:

a powerful means of progress, the ideas of electronics, means of automation, to control the work of plants and power stations, phenomena of nature, applications of electronics, the field of communication, the invention of radio, the principles of wireless communication

2. Прочтите текст и определите, в каких областях науки и техники электроника нашла широкое применение. Выпишите из текста все упомянутые направления использования электроники.

WHAT IS ELECTRONICS?

Electronics is a rather young science. It belongs to the twentieth century. Within a short period it has become a powerful means of progress.

Electronics surrounds us everywhere. Television, radio-receiving, tape- recording — are all based on electronics. The ideas of electronics are embodied in computer technology and means of automation, biology and ge­netics which have advanced biotechnology as a new branch of the national economy.

Electronic computers are widely used in scientific research, in planning and controlling our national economy.¹ Very complicated electronic sys­tems control the work of huge plants and power stations; even whole industries are controlled by electronic robots. Planes and rockets are also electronically controlled.

Electronics has sharpened our vision and given us chance to see the micro world more clearly. It helps us discover new and puzzling phenomena of nature.

Due to electronics the first man-made sputnik was launched into space, and now man has already set his foot on the Moon, sends probes to distant planets. Radio electronic systems ensure reliable communication with space probes at distances of millions of kilometers, relay telephotos of distant planets. The greatest application of electronics is in the field of communications.

The range of radio communication in space is extending more and more. There is every reason to believe² that radio links may be set over distances of 100 million kilometers or even more.

Now we cannot imagine our life without electronics.

But it all began with the invention of radio. It was our Russian scientist A.S. Popov who discovered the principles of wireless communication that finally led to the development of electronic tubes for use in various communication devices.

Примечания

1. in planning and controlling our national economy —для

планирования и управления народным хозяйством

2. There is every reason to believe — Естьвсеоснованияполагать

   3. Переведите следующие словосочетания:

Vacuum tube, transmission line, short-wave transmission, relay station, relay centre, medium-wave transmission, high gain, plate resistance, tube gain

3. Образуйте существительные, обозначающие приборы, с помощью суффикса -ег/-ог; переведите их:

to transmit, to receive, to modulate, to tune, to reflect, to oscillate