**Warning التحذير

Be careful or you will + مصدر احترس والا.. Mind you don’t + احذر ألا تفعل كذا مصدر

You must مصدر or ….يجب أن .... وإلا..... You mustn’t + لا يجب أن ..... مصدر

Reply:Thank you. I would take care. شكراً لك، سوف أنتبه لذلك.

1. You warn your brother not to run very fast across the road.

2. Your friend warns you not to fall off the ladder.

** Asking the way للسؤال عن الطريق الى مكان ما

Could you tell me the way to ……..? هل يمكنك أن تخبرنى الطريق الى ...... ؟

How can I get to…?كيف يمكننى أن أصل الى...؟ Where’s …….?أين ...............؟

Reply: - Yes, go ahead then turn left. أتجه للأمام ثم لف شمال.

- Sorry, I don’t know. آسف لا أعرف.

1. You are in a foreign country; you want to go to the railway station.

2. Someone asks you about the way to the museum.

**Asking about someone's health السؤال عن صحة شخص

How are you?كيف حالك؟ How are you feeling now?كيف تشعرالآن؟

Reply

I'm fine, thanks. بخير شكراً. I'm very well. Thank you. أنا بصحة جيدة.

1. You visit your sick uncle in hospital.

2. Your friend visits you in hospital, he asks how you are.

**Offers العروض

- Shall / Can I …… for you? هل يمكننى أن ........ من أجلك؟ - May I be of any help to you?

- Would you like me to ……………. ? هل تريد مني أن ...............؟

Replies: Yes, please. (Agreeing) No, thanks. (Disagreeing)

**Blaming اللوم

You should have + pp كان يجب أن ... I wish + ماضى تام

You shouldn’t have + ppما كان يجب أن... You weren't supposed to + مصدر

Reply: I’m sorry. I’ll be careful next time.أنا آسف، سوف أحترس فى المرة القادمة.

1. Your friend parked his car in a no parking area, so he was fined.

2. Your brother has broken your pen, you are angry.

Workbook : Unit 4

1. A friend asks for your opinion about modern novels.

In my opinion, modern novels are not as good as the classics.

2. Someone asks you what you were doing at six o'clock yesterday evening.

At six o’clock yesterday evening, I was finishing my homework.

3. Someone asks you what you think the best thing is about short stories. Give your opinion.

I think the best thing about short stories is that things happen quickly.

4. A friend asks you what you used to read when you were five.

When I was five, I used to read a newspaper written especially for children.

1- trip رحلـة قصيـرة - He is in a business trip in London.

journey رحلـة طويلـة - How long is the journey to the coast ?

voyage رحلـة بحريـة - We went on a voyage by ship.

flight رحلـة جويـة - The flight to Saudi Arabia took two hours.

2- capture يأسر ـ يقبض على - The town was captured by enemy troops.

arrest يلقى القبض على - He was arrested for shoplifting.

3- play ( football, basketball, tennis, squash … )

تستخـدم مـع الألعـاب المتصلـة بالكـرة . go ( fishing, sailing, swimming, running …)

تستخـدم مـع الألعـاب المنتهيـة بــ ing do ( karate, high jump, judo… )

تستخـدم مـع الألعـاب الأخـرى.

4- murder جريمة قتل - She was charged with attempted murder.

murder(v.) يقتل - She was accused / convicted of murdering her husband.

murderer (n.) مجرم / قاتل - He was aprofessional murderer.

5- crime (n.) جريمة -Violent crime is on the increase.

criminal (n.) (adj.) مجرم- اجرامي -He has a criminal record. – He is a dangerous criminal.

6- poison (n /v ) سم – يسمم - She poisoned the mice.

poisonous /poisoning (adj.) سام - Ten people died of poisonous gas yesterday.

poisoned (adj.) مسمم - He looks as if he is poisoned.

by - on - in 7- لاحظ استخدام حروف الجر التاليةمـع وسائـل المواصـلات

by

- مـع كـل وسـائـل المـواصـلات بـدون فـاصـل ( أداة أو صفـة ملكيـة اوصفة اشارة)

- By (plane – train – ship – boat – car – taxi ……….)

- I travelled abroad by plane. - He went to work by car.

On مـع كـل وسـائـل المـواصـلات مـع وجـود فـاصـل ( أداة أو صفـة ملكيـة اوصفة اشارة)

on a ( ship – plane – bus – train ……. ) - I went to Alex. on a train.

• مـا عـدا كلمتي ( car – taxi ) مـع وجـود فـاصـل( أداة أو صفـة ملكيـة اوصفة اشارة) فتاخذ ( in )

I go to school in my car. - She goes to school in a taxi.

8 - لاحظ استخدام المقطع en في بداية أو نهاية بعض الكلمات لتكوين الفعل:
able	قادر	enable	يمكن	hard	صلب	harden يجعله صلبا
courage	شجاعة	encourage	يشجع	length	طول	lengthen	يطول
deep	عميق	deepen	يُعمق	wide	متسع	widen	يوسع
large	كبير	enlarge	يكبر ـ يضخم	short	قصير	shorten	يقصر
danger	خطر	endanger	يعرض للخطر	ripe	ناضج	ripen	ينضج
rich	ثري ـ غني	enrich	يثري	strong	قوى	strengthen	يقوى
broad	واسع	broaden	يوسع	threat	تهديد	threaten	يهدد
cheap	رخيص	cheapen	يخفض السعر	weak	ضعيف	weaken	يُضعف

9 - ashamed of خجــــلان من ( شئ مخزي فعله ) -You must be a shamed of what you have done.

- shyخجول بطبعه - She is always shy in front of strangers.

10- alone بمفرده ( شـئ مـادى ) - He carried the stone alone.

- lonely وحيدا ( يشعـر بالوحـدة ) ( شـئ معنـوى ) - Despite his friends, he feels lonely.

*- لاحظ استخدام الاسم بعد حرف الجـر in فيما يلي

- 3 metres in height - 5 inches in length - 5 centimetres in depth

وفي حالة عدم وجـود حرف جر نستخـدم الصفة

- 3 metres high - 5 inches long - 5 centimetres deep

11- based in مقـره فـى - His work is based in Egypt.

based on قائـم علـى - It is a revision based on unit 1.

12- coast ســاحل - Alex. is located on the north coast of Egypt.

- shore شـاطئ البحـر) )البحـيرة - I saw some boats on the shore of the sea.

- beach البـلاج ( الجـزءالرملي عنـد حافـة البحـر ) - We sat on the beach and ate ice cream.

- bank ضفـة النهــر أو القنــاة - Trees grow along the bank of rivers.

13- include يتضمن : جـزء أو أكثـر مـن الأجـزاء ( المكونات ) و ليس كـل المكـونات.

- The pair of glasses includes two lenses.

contain يحتـوى علـى شـئ بداخـله

- CD-ROMs can contain words, music and pictures.

comprise / consist of (يتكـون مـن (كـل المكـونات الأساسيـة

- The United Kingdom consists of / comprises England, Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland.

enclose يـرفـق/ يحيـط He enclosed a photo with his letter. My house is enclosed by a high fence

14- affect = have an effect onيؤثـرعلـى - Smoking affects health badly.

effect : influence تأثيـــــــــــــــــــــــر - Smoking has a bad effect on health.

- أحيانا تُستخدم كفعل بمعني يُحدث أو يسبب

- He effected several changes in the company.

15- remember to + المصـدر يتذكـر ثم يفعـل الشـئ - I remembered to post the letter.

remember + (v + ing) يتذكـر أنه فعـل الشـئ - I remembered posting the letter .

16- retire يحـال للمعـاش ( يتقـاعـد ) - resign يستقيـل من العمـل

Giving advice تقديم النصيحة

- If you ask me, you should…….….. - If I were you, I'd/I wouldn't + inf…..

- You should (study hard)………….. - Why don't you + inf……….………?

- How about ....................ing? - You'd better (take a taxi)…………..

Accepting advice قبول النصيحة

• Yes, I know I should.نعم، أعلم أنه واجب. • Yes, I'll do it now / soon.نعم، سأفعل ذلك.

• Yes, you're right. نعم، أنت محق. • I don't really think so.حقاً، لا أعتقد ذلك.

Not accepting/Declining رفض

• I know I shouldn't.أعرف أنه لا يجب أن أفعل ذلك. • I'll think about it.سأفكر فى هذا.

• I'll make up my mind about it. سأفكر فى هذا • I'll see. سأفكر فى هذا.

Worbook : Unit 5

1. A friend asks for your advice about keeping fit. Advise him.

If I were you, I’d go swimming every day.

2. You want some advice from a friend about how you can eat more healthily. What do you ask?

I’d like to eat more healthily. What do you think I should do?

3. A friend wants to meet new people, but he / she is very shy. Make a recommendation.

I think it’d be a good idea to join a sports club.

4. Ask your teacher for advice about how to do well in the next English test.

I’d like to do well in the next English test. What do you think I should do?

**Giving something to someone

Here you are. / Here it is تفضل خذ - Help yourselfتفضل ( للطعام و الشراب )

Reply: Thank you. It’s very kind of you .شكراً، هذا عطف منك.

**Liking and disliking التعبير عن الحب وعدمه تجاه شيئاً ما

(when you ask someone’s opinion of something)

- Do you like (handball / hockey)? - Do you like living in Cairo?

- What do you think of……..? = What’s your opinion of……….?ما رأيك....؟

**Liking التعبير عن حب شيئ ما

- I like it. - We like living here. - It's fantastic / great.

- I'm mad / crazy about (football). - I’m a big fan of…. أنا مشجع كبير لـ

**Disliking التعبير عن عدم حب شيئ ما

- I'm not very keen on (living here). - I don't like it. / I dislike it.

- I'm not very fond of (music). - I hate / detest…… أكره

- I loathe / despise يحتقر (violence العنف).

LanguageNotes

1- catch يمسـك - The cat caught the fish with its mouth.

catch يقبض علي / يصطـاد حيـوان - Cats like to catch mice. - The police caught the thief.

catch يلحـق بـ - We have to get up early to catch the first bus.

catch يصـاب بـ - It's easy to catch Bird Flu if you are not careful.

catch يعـلق بـ ـيشبـك في - I caught my new T-shirt in a nail.

2- count يعــد علـي أصابعه - Scientists are able to calculate the speed of sound.

calculate يحسـب بالآلـة - Some tribes can’t count up to nine.

3- similar to مشابـه لـ ( اختـلاف ) - The two books are similar but this one is new.

the same as نفس الشئ بـدون اختـلاف - He wears the same suit every day.

the same + (noun) - They have the same nationality.

4 -لاحظ استخدام الصفة في هذا التركيب:

- It ( be ) + adj. + of + someone +(not) to do something