10. Retell the text using the following words and phrases.

To be the same things, to provide an efficient way, to interact with, to react to its environment, to be supported by, in response to,

to save its status, to be controlled and affected, to limit the capabilities, to provide smth. in a manner, to pass control, to maintain exclusive control, to be currently in use, to make voluntary use, to accept allocated memory, to crash the system, to share the resources of, coordination of activities, a set of services, to establish a priority, to load smth. into memory, to request a service, to run outside operating system, moderate number of simple tasks , to be a way to do smth., to be equipped with operating systems, to be hidden from the user, to be aware of, to be a higher level of confidence.

11. Give adjectives corresponding to certain nouns.

Function, task, number, efficiency, hardware, appliances, resources, control, system, use, dependences, level, devices.

12. Answer the questions using the following phrases.

1. What is an operating system?

(commonly abbreviated, interface, to be responsible for, share the resources)

2. What services do operating systems offer?

(a number of access, to invoke, to request a service, the results of the application)

3. Do all computers require operating systems?

(make to perform, moderate number of tasks, to communicate with the outer world)

4. How many functions does any operating system have?

(manage the resources, to establish, to execute and provide services)

5. What are the types of operating systems?

(to control, to manage the resources, to be performed, to take advantage, to be controlled for balance)

6. What are the main features of the operating systems?

( to be central to, to suspend, to limit the capabilities, to have access, memory segmentation, to do at most, to be passed to a process)

7. When was the first operating system created?

(originally, the main stages, true operating system, lack of security)

8. What does the term “Unix-like” mean?

(to be commonly used, to refer to, a large set of)

9. What are the main features of Windows?

(proprietary operating system, originate, add-on)

10. What are the main features of “Unix-like” operating systems?

(complex family, interrelated, a diverse group, sub-categories, to resemble, set out to write, to fix, to roll into, source code, to contribute to)

13. Translate into Russian the phrases below and pay attention to the way the words to handle, to support, to distinguish, to release are used.

TO HANDLE

1.The child handled everything carefully and seldom broke anything.

2.This car handles very nicely.

3.I decided to let you handle the situation.

4.They were travel agents that handle British Airways business.

5.The principal was a young man and a genius in the way he handled us.

TO DISTINGUISH

1. The child was unable to distinguish between the letters B and P.

2. When studying language, we have to distinguish between speaking and writing.

3. The photograph was poor and few details could be distinguished.

4. We all remember young men who had distinguished themselves in battle.

TO SUPPORT

1. A lot of workers supported the campaign.

2. His work colleagues refused to support him.

3. We all support Russian football team.

4. He had to sit down because his knees wouldn't support him any more.

5. I lean on the edge of the door to support myself.

TO RELEASE

1. The terrorists released a kidnapped politician.

2. This releases them from personal responsibility.

3. I was released, for the first time, from all my guilty thoughts.

4. He was released to complete the funeral arrangements.

5. Their aim was to release money for the schools.

6. The news had to be delivered to someone who could release it to the press.

7. He quickly released her hand.

8. The bomb load was automatically released by the computer.

9. The Paramount Pictures planned to release the film before Christmas.

10. It came quite close to release radioactivity into the environment.