- •English and Law
- •Part II
- •Учебно-методическое пособие
- •(В двух частях)
- •Предисловие
- •Unit 5: International conventions text 1. The United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime and its Protocols
- •5. Say if it is true or false and give the right variant.
- •6. Put the sentences into the right order according to the text.
- •1. Answer the questions.
- •3. Put the words into the right order.
- •4. Complete the sentences by translating into English the phrases in italics.
- •7. Translate into English.
- •Text 2. Key Provisions of the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime
- •1. Answer the questions.
- •3. Complete the sentences with the appropriate words: extradition, engaged, secrecy, internationally, developing, comprehensive, appropriate.
- •5. Say if it is true or false and give the right variant.
- •6. Translate into English.
- •Text 3. International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families
- •2. Answer the questions.
- •3. Translate into English.
- •Text 4. Protocol against the Smuggling of Migrants by Land, Sea and Air
- •1. Answer the questions.
- •2. Complete the sentences by translating into English the phrases in italics.
- •3. Find the English equivalents in the text.
- •4. Finish the sentences according to the text.
- •5. Speak on the Protocol against the Smuggling of Migrants by Land, Sea and Air using the following plan.
- •Text 5. Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children
- •1. Answer the questions.
- •2. Put the words into the right order.
- •3. Complete the sentences with the appropriate words: protection, provides for, exploited, supplements, dealing with, remain.
- •4. Use the appropriate preposition: in, for, against, with, in, between, by, of, to.
- •5. Say if it is true or false and give the right answer.
- •7. Translate into English using the texts of both Protocols.
- •Text 6. Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women
- •1. Answer the questions.
- •2. Find the English equivalents in the text.
- •3. Correct mistakes, both grammar and lexical, in the following statements.
- •4. Use the appropriate verb according to the text.
- •5. Translate into English.
- •Text 7. Convention on the Rights of the Child
- •1. Answer the questions.
- •4. Put the words into the right order.
- •5. Complete the sentences by translating into English the phrases in italics.
- •6. Say if it is true or false and give the right answer.
- •7. Speak on the Convention on the Rights of the Child using the following plan.
- •8. Translate into English.
- •Text 8. Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the involvement of children in armed conflict
- •Unit 6: International Humanitarian Law text 1. Introduction to International Humanitarian Law (ihl)
- •2. Complete the sentences with the following words: on land, government, treaties, biological, concerned, encountered, seek, murdered, voluntarily.
- •3. Finish the statements according to the text.
- •5. Translate into English.
- •Text 2. Basic rules of ihl
- •1. Find in the text the English equivalents of the following phrases.
- •2. Put the words into the right order.
- •3. Complete the sentences by translating into English the phrases in italics.
- •4. Correct mistakes, both grammar and lexical, in the following statements.
- •5. Say if it is true or false and give the right answer.
- •Text 3. Role of the Red Cross during armed conflict, locally and overseas
- •2. Put the sentences into the right order.
- •4. Translate into English.
- •5. Answer the questions.
- •Unit 7: economic crimes in the modern society text 1. Consumer fraud. Victims of fraud
- •Victim Demographics
- •1. Mark the statements below as true or false.
- •2. Choose the right word or word-combinations from the text.
- •4. Complete the sentences. Use the text if necessary.
- •Text 2. Inventive swindlers
- •1. Mark the statements below as true or false.
- •2. Choose the right word or word-combinations from the text.
- •4. Complete the sentences. Use the text if necessary.
- •Unit 7.1 different kinds of fraud text 1. Home equity fraud and home renovation repair schemes
- •1. Mark the statements below as true or false.
- •2. Choose the right word or word-combinations from the text.
- •4. Complete the sentences. Use the text if necessary.
- •Text 2. The pigeon drop scheme
- •1. Mark the statements below as true or false.
- •2. Choose the right word or word-combinations from the text.
- •4. Complete the sentences. Use the text if necessary.
- •Text 3. Telemarketing fraud operations
- •1. Mark the statements below as true or false.
- •3. Translate these expressions from Russian into English.
- •4. Complete the sentences. Use the text if necessary.
- •Text 4. Local pyramid club schemes and gifting club scams
- •1. Mark the statements below as true or false.
- •2. Choose the right word or word-combinations from the text.
- •4. Complete the sentences. Use the text if necessary.
- •Text 5. Techniques used to sell fraudulent investments
- •1. Mark the statements below as true or false.
- •2. Choose the right word or word-combinations from the text.
- •4. Complete the sentences. Use the text if necessary.
- •Glossary
- •Icrc – the International Committee of the Red Cross
- •Bibliography
- •English and Law
2. Complete the sentences with the following words: on land, government, treaties, biological, concerned, encountered, seek, murdered, voluntarily.
The number of children becoming soldiers either ... or by force is increasing.
International ... and humanitarian principles ... to save lives of combatants and non-combatants during armed conflict.
Shipwrecked combatants receive the same protection as soldiers ... , extended to conditions ... at sea.
Human rights law is ... with protecting people against ... violations of their internationally recognized rights.
Wounded and sick combatants cannot be ... or subjected to torture or ... experiments.
3. Finish the statements according to the text.
Children separated from their families or marginalized in other ways may ... .
Humanitarian assistance is carried out by ... .
Civilians are to be protected against ... .
The central purpose of international humanitarian law is to ... .
Prisoners of war are not to be subjected to ... .
4. Match two parts of the sentences.
1) Parties to the conflict must direct their operations 2) IHL and human rights law complement each other, but they have 3) The Third Geneva Convention protect prisoners of war against 4) Civilians must be permitted to live 5) IHL protects those who have fallen into the hands of 6) The Fourth Geneva Convention provides special protection for 7) Wounded and sick combatants are to be collected and cared for |
a) women and children. b) acts of violence, insults and public curiosity. c) under the provisions of the First Geneva Conventions. d) only against military targets. e) an adverse party. f) as normally as possible. g) different core documents. |
5. Translate into English.
Согласно Третьей Женевской Конвенции с военнопленными должны обращаться гуманно и им должны предоставить соответствующие проживание, питание, одежду и медицинское обслуживание.
К какой бы нации раненые или больные участники сражения ни принадлежали, их необходимо подобрать и позаботиться.
Установление больниц и безопасных зон для раненых, больных, пожилых людей, детей и беременных женщин обеспечивается согласно положениям Четвертой Женевской Конвенции.
Все возможные меры должны быть приняты, чтобы дети младше 15 лет не принимали участия в военных действиях.
Часто дети, живущие в зоне конфликта, вынуждены примыкать к военной группировке, чтобы выжить.
Text 2. Basic rules of ihl
These points briefly summarize the basic rules of IHL that call for protection during armed conflict:
Combatants who are out of the fight and those not taking part in hostilities are entitled to respect for their lives and physical and moral integrity. They are to be protected and treated humanely, without adverse discrimination.
It is forbidden to kill or injure an enemy who surrenders or who is out of the fight.
The wounded and sick are to be collected and cared for by the party that has them in its power. Medical personnel, establishments, transports, and materials are to be protected. The protective emblems must be respected.
The lives, dignity, personal rights, and religious convictions of captured combatants and civilian internees must be respected, which includes their protection against violence and reprisals. They have the right to correspond with their families and to receive humanitarian assistance.
Those protected by the law are entitled to fundamental judicial guarantees.
No one is to be subjected to physical or mental torture, corporal punishment, or cruel and degrading treatment.
Civilians are not to be the objects of attack.
Protecting civilians is a major objective of IHL. Under the Fourth Geneva Convention, civilians are to be protected from murder and permitted to lead normal lives, if security allows.
In order to ensure respect for and protection of the civilian population and civilian objects, the Parties to the conflict shall at all times distinguish between the civilian population and combatants and between civilian objects and military objectives and accordingly shall direct their operations only against military objectives. In addition to prohibiting direct attacks, IHL also prohibits indiscriminate attacks on civilians. These can occur, for example, when an attack by the armed forces on a military target does not take into account excessive negative consequences to civilians.
However, not all civilian deaths are unlawful during war. IHL does not outlaw armed conflict, but instead attempts to balance a nation's acknowledged legal right to attack legitimate military targets during war with the right of the civilian population to be protected from the effects of the hostilities. In other words, given the nature of warfare, IHL anticipates a certain amount of "collateral damage," which sometimes, regrettably, may include civilian casualties.
The vast majority of nations have ratified the Geneva Conventions, thus recognizing a legal obligation to uphold them in the midst of war. Nations that ratify these humanitarian treaties are required to enact domestic laws to provide legal sanctions against violators.
While the world community can apply few legal sanctions against nations that violate the law, there are numerous practical reasons for them to respect IHL:
The humane treatment of individuals by one side often dictates treatment by the other.
The impact of world opinion.
The safeguarding of a civilization and its economic resources.
The use of IHL as a means to facilitate the resolution of conflicts and return to a state of peace.
Legal action against violators can take place before an international tribunal, such as occurred following WWII, and after the conflicts in Former Yugoslavia and Rwanda. In addition, trials of a soldier or civilian by his or her country's authorities may be conducted by a military or civilian court under the authority of that nation's legal code.
The most effective means of securing compliance with these humanitarian rules is through widespread public education in peacetime. In ratifying the Geneva Conventions, nations agree to educate their military and the public. The more knowledgeable members of the armed forces and the general public are about the law, the more likely it is to be obeyed.