Phrasal Verbs

(Фразові дієслова)

Jack put the books down on the table. – Джек кладе книги на стіл. (put smth down – дієслово з прийменником)

She’s always putting people down. – Вона завжди критикує людей. (put smb down – ідіоматичне фразове дієслово)

Exercise 33 Consult your dictionaries for different meanings of the phrasal verb look and write them out.

1. We are looking forward to seeing you again. 2. The police looked through his papers for the letter. 3. You should look up the new word in your dictionary. 4. He looked at me attentively. 5. The old woman needs a nurse to look after her. 6. Are you still looking for a job? 7. The first house of glass and plastics was looked upon as an experimental construction. 8. Look out! It may be dangerous.

Exercise 34 Translate sentences paying attention to phrasal verbs. Consult your dictionary.

1. If you are seen stealing that car the police will be after you. 2. Sheila broke off her engagement last week. 3. By stealing, Mark brought about his dismissal from work. 4. We often eat out. 5. The two Germans played off for a place in the final. 6. They called off the meeting. 7. This situation calls for immediate action. 8. They turned down my application. 9. Why did you let James talk you into this crazy scheme? 10. Please draw back from the edge of the cliff. 11. I dropped out of school and got a job. 12. He has tried to give up smoking twice. 13. They were forced to give in to enemy.

Exercise 35 Read the article and decide which phrasal verb describes the following meaning: has become popular; returned; were worthwhile; learn information; stop trying; improved.

The Art of Feng Shui

Ho Da-ming’s new restaurant was failing. His customers rarely came back. Why? Mr Ho contacted a feng shui consultant to find out. Feng shui (meaning ‘wind and water’) is the ancient Chinese art of placing things in your surroundings. According to this art, the arrangement of furniture, doors and windows affects our health, wealth and happiness. Mr Ho was concerned about his business but he didn’t give up. Following the consultant’s advice, he remodelled and redecorated his restaurant. His actions paid off. Soon business picked up and Mr Ho became rich. ‘It was the best decision I ever made,’ he says happily. And he isn’t alone in his enthusiasm. Feng shui has caught on with modern architects and homeowners everywhere.

Exercise 36 Read this article about the architect I.M. Pei. Complete it using the correct form of the following phrasal verbs: come up with, give up, go back, go up, grow up, carry on, pay off, turn out.

Born in 1917, Ieoh Ming Pei ... in Canton, China. When he was seventeen, he went to the United States to learn about building. As it ..., Pei became one of the most famous architects of the twentieth century.

Pei is famous for his strong geometric forms. One of his most controversial projects was his glass pyramid at the Louvre in Paris. The old museum had a lot of problems but no one wanted to destroy it. Pei had to ... a solution. Many Parisians were shocked with his proposal for a 71-foot-high glass pyramid. It ... anyway, blending with the environment. Today many people say that it is a good example of the principles of feng shui.

Pei ... despite criticism. He strongly believed that ‘you have to identify the important things and press them and not ...’. His determination ... . He continued to build structures that reflected the environment. Pei received many prizes for his work. He used some of the prize money to start a scholarship fund for Chinese students to study architecture in the United States and then to ... to China to work as architects.

Exercise 37a) Complete the sentences with a preposition from the box to build a phrasal verb.

out out up in on off

1. Put ... something warm. It’s cold today. 2. There’s some ice-cream in the freezer. Can you get it ... ? 3. Why are your clothes on the floor? Please pick them ... . 4. I’m going to take the dog ... for a walk. 5. Turn ... the TV! It’s time to go to sleep. 6. You should fill ... a customs declaration when crossing the border.

b) Look at the position of the object when it is a pronoun in these sentences. Complete the sentences with phrasal verbs adding up, away, off, in, after.

Model: Your shoes are dirty. Take them off.

This jumper looks nice. Can I try it on?

1. We don’t need all these lights on. Put ... . 2. Leave little Annie with me. I’ll look ... . 3. I haven’t got time to fill in this form. I’ll fill ... later. 4. Are you still smoking? – No, I gave ... . 5. I have never liked this thing. I just threw ... .

Pronoun One

(Неозначено-особовий займенник One)

• Виражає невизначену особу та перекладається безособовим зворотом.

One should say that making a timetable is a very complicated job. – Треба сказати, що складання розкладу – дуже важка робота.

One can’t learn a language in six weeks. – Не можна вивчити мову за шість тижнів.

• Використовується для заміни раніше згаданого іменника для уникнення повтору, після the, the only, the main та every.

‘Is this your umbrella?’ ‘No, mine’s the big blue one (= umbrella).’ – «Це твоя парасолька?» «Ні, моя велика, синя (парасолька)».

I think his best poems are his early ones (= poems). – Гадаю, що його найкращі поеми – це ранні (поеми).

The only jokes I tell are the ones that I hear from you. – Я лише розповідаю ті анекдоти, що чую від вас.

Exercise 38 Translate the following sentences.

1. One may say that studying foreign languages is a hard work. 2. One must understand that the work of a driver requires much experience. 3. One can expect that a new metro line will be opened soon. 4. At the exhibition one could see the last works of the famous artist. 5. At the conference one should mention the latest achievements of the plant. 6. The only ones who will benefit are the shareholders. 7. One after another, tropical storms battered the Pacific coastline. 8. Great pictures make one think.

Exercise 39 Use the appropriate substitute words instead of italicized ones.

1. I think this department store is bigger than that department store. 2. These shoes are less comfortable than those shoes. 3. My watch isn’t working well. I must buy a new watch. 4. I’ve got a pair of black gloves but I must buy brown gloves to match my new shoes. 5. I think my watch is ten minutes slow. What’s the time by your watch? 6. This English book is too easy for me. Please give me a more difficult book. 7. I don’t like these pictures. They’re too dark. I saw better pictures in a shop in our street. 8. I think this show will be more interesting than the last show.

Exercise 40 Complete the dialogues. Use the words or expressions in brackets.

Model: - Is this your new car? – No. (blue/over there) – No, it’s the blue one over there.

1. Which apples do you want: the ... or ... (red/green) 2. Do you prefer the striped socks or ... (plain) 3. Which boy is Tony? – He ... (with dark, curly hair) 4. The green shorts are cheaper than ... (yellow) – Yes, but ... are nicer. (yellow)

Exercise 41 A asks B some questions. Use the information in the box to write B’s answers. Use one in the answers.

B doesn’t need a car there is a chemist’ in Mill road B hasn’t got a pen

B has just had a cup of coffee B can’t ride a bicycle B hasn’t got an umbrella

A: Can you lend me a pen? A: Would you like to have a car? A: Have you got a bicycle? A: Can you lend me an umbrella? A: Is there a chemist near here? A: Would you like a cup of coffee?

B: I’m sorry, I haven’t got one. B: No, I don’t ... B: No, I can’t … B: I’m sorry, …. B: Yes, ... B: No, thank you, ...