- •Українська державна академія
- •English for Students of Economics
- •Т.В. Колбіна
- •В.П. Сімонок
- •Degrees of Comparison of Adjectives and Adverbs
- •Indefinite (Simple) Tense
- •Reading rules
- •Grammar
- •(Речення з дієсловом to have (have got))
- •Degrees of Comparison of Adjectives and Adverbs
- •Порівняльні сполучники та звороти
- •Nouns: Countable and Uncountable Plural and Singular
- •Indefinite (Simple) Tense
- •Present Indefinite (Simple) Tense
- •Past Indefinite (Simple) Tense
- •Future Indefinite (Simple) Tense
- •Reading and discussion Active Vocabulary
- •Irregular verbs
- •From the history of railways:
- •200 Years of progress
- •Conversational practice
- •At the Railway Ticket Office
- •Word building
- •Enjoy yourself
- •Reading rules
- •Grammar Possessive Case of Nouns
- •Imperative Sentences
- •Prepositions of Time
- •Prepositions of Place
- •Questions
- •Special Questions
- •Alternative Questions
- •Tag Questions
- •Indefinite (Simple) Tense in the Passive
- •Reading and discussion Active Vocabulary
- •Irregular verbs
- •The basics of economics
- •Today’s Mixed Economies
- •Economics is everywhere
- •Breaking into new markets
- •Conversational practice
- •I’m sorry Excuse me of course Pardon
- •Word building
- •Revision exercises
- •Enjoy yourself
- •Grammar Continuous Tense
- •Present Continuous Tense
- •Past Continuous Tense
- •Future Continuous Tense
- •Verbs, used only in simple tenses
- •Pronouns
- •Numerals
- •Запам’ятайте:
- •Розміри, виміри
- •Номери телефонів, автобусів та ін.
- •Attributive Group
- •Exercise 36 Find the headword of the word combinations and translate them.
- •Reading and discussion Active Vocabulary
- •Irregular verbs
- •Supply and demand
- •Seeking a balance
- •Apple iPad’s - Impressive Device
- •Joint Demand and Joint Supply
- •Why are the Salaries of Professional Sport Stars So High?
- •Computer Crime
- •Conversational practice
- •I’ll ring back later.
- •I’m having a party on Saturday. Can you come?
- •Word building
- •Grammar revision
- •The Tower of London
- •Enjoy yourself Proverbs
- •Great explorers
- •Grammar Perfect Tense (Часи групи Perfect)
- •Present Perfect Tense
- •Past Perfect Tense
- •Future Perfect Tense
- •The Loch Ness Wallet
- •Phrasal Verbs
- •The Art of Feng Shui
- •Reading and discussion Active Vocabulary
- •Irregular verbs
- •Production and factors of production
- •The stages of industry
- •Services
- •The chain of distribution
- •The Knowledge Society
- •Conversational practice
- •Grammar revision
- •Amazing but true!
- •Enjoy yourself
- •Thoughts that help us live
- •Grammar Perfect Continuous Tense
- •Present Perfect Continuous Tense
- •Past Perfect Continuous Tense
- •Future Perfect Continuous Tense
- •Sequence of Tenses
- •Виключення з правила узгодження часів
- •Direct and Reported Speech
- •Питальні речення у непрямій мові
- •The Stress Interview
- •Interview
- •Наказові речення у непрямій мові
- •Expressions of Quantity Вираження кількості
- •Reading and discussion Active Vocabulary
- •Irregular verbs
- •Management
- •Marketing
- •Advertising Then and Now
- •Outdoor advertising – a breath of fresh air
- •Conversational practice
- •Word building
- •Exercise 52 Translate the adjectives.
- •Grammar review
- •Enjoy yourself
- •Father’s Motto
- •Reading rules
- •Grammar
- •Infinitive
- •Exercise 6 Translate the following sentences and word combinations.
- •Exercise 7 Translate the sentences defining the function of the Infinitive.
- •The Brave Old Lady and the Hopeless Crook1
- •Complex Object
- •Exercise 14 Translate the sentences paying attention to the Complex Object.
- •Exercise 19 Translate the sentences using the Complex Object.
- •Complex Subject (Суб’єктний інфінітивний зворот)
- •Exercise 22 Translate the sentences using the Complex Subject.
- •Gerund (Герундій)
- •Функції герундія
- •Revision of Modal Verbs
- •An Overheard Conversation
- •Reading and discussion Active Vocabulary
- •Irregular verbs
- •Railway transport economics
- •Exercise 41 Answer the following questions according to the text.
- •Exercise 42 Find English equivalents.
- •Logistics on the Move
- •Word building Compound words
- •Revision exercises
- •Enjoy yourself Test
- •Irregular Verbs
- •Фонетичні правила читання голосних
- •Порядок слів у стверджувальному реченні
- •Pronouns
- •Active Voice
- •Passive Voice
- •Functions of Modal Verbs and Synonymous Expressions
- •Prepositions after Particular Words and Expressions
- •Greetings
- •Getting Acquainted with People
- •Parting with People
- •Invitations and Proposals
- •Apologies
- •Answers
- •Agreeing
- •Disagreeing
- •Hesitations and Lack of Understanding
- •Starting a Conversation
- •Telephoning
- •Transitional Words
- •Word Formation
- •Literature
- •English for Students of Economics
- •310050, Харків – 50, пл. Фейєрбаха, 7
Transitional Words
to show time
after, afterwards, always, as soon as, at last, at once, briefly, eventually, finally, first/second, immediately, in a little, while, in a meantime, in the past/future, last, later, meanwhile, next, now, often, once, once upon a time, sometimes, soon, then, suddenly, when, for a while
to show place
above, among, around, below, beside, beyond, down, forward, from, here, in front of, inside, nearby, next to, on, on the other side, opposite, out, outside, over, through, under
to indicate result
accordingly, as a result, consequently, for that reason, then, therefore, thus, so, it follows
to reinforce an idea
above all, especially, indeed, in fact, most important, equally
to conclude
after all, as has been noted, finally, in brief, in effect, in other words, in short, on the whole, to summarize, that is
to compare and contrast ideas
but, even so, conversely, however, in contrast, in spite of, in the same way, nevertheless, on the contrary, on the other hand, otherwise, still, yet, of course, no doubt, granted that
to illustrate or explain an idea
for example, for instance, in other words, in particular, namely, specifically, such as, that is, thus, to illustrate, like
to add an idea
again, also, and, as well as, besides, further, furthermore, in addition, last (at last), likewise, more, moreover, next, similarly, too
Word Formation
Prefixes |
Example |
Suffixes |
Example |
anti- (against) bi- (two) co- (with) de- (acting against) ex- (before, former) inter- (between) mono- (one) non- (not) over- (too much) post- (after) un- (negative) im- (negative) ir-(negative) il- (negative) in- (negative) mal- (not correct) dis- (negative)
|
antinuclear bilingual cooperation decomposition ex-general intermediate monolingual non-stop overeat postgraduate unbelievable impossible irresistible illegal incompetent malfunction disagree |
-ee -er -ish -proof -age -al -ation -ence -ion -ment -sion -sis -tion -y -ance -ant(-ent) -able(-ible)
|
employee employer childish, smallish waterproof breakage proposal organization preference confusion amusement suspension analysis direction perjury annoyance significant reliable (efficient)
|
pre- (before) pro- (in favour of) re- (again) semi- (half) sub- (under) super- (above) trans- (across) tri- (three) under- (not enough) uni- (one) |
prejudge pro-American rearrange semicircle subconscious supernatural transatlantic tricycle underestimate unicycle |
-an -ar -ary -y -wards -less -ly -ate -ize -fy -en |
Siberian regular secondary faulty outwards useless rapidly celebrate organize simplify shorten |
British and American English
British English |
American English |
Ukrainian Equivalent |
advertisement |
commercial |
реклама (на телебаченні) |
air host(ess) |
flight attendant |
стюард(еса) |
anti-clockwise |
counterclockwise |
проти годинникової стрілки |
autumn |
fall |
осінь |
banknote |
bill |
банкнота |
barrister |
lawyer, attorney |
адвокат |
bath |
bathtub |
ванна |
bill |
check |
рахунок |
booking office |
ticket office |
залізнична каса |
biscuit |
cookie |
печиво |
blinds (for windows) |
shades |
жалюзі |
carriage |
car |
вагон |
cash dispenser |
ATM (automatic teller machine) |
банкомат |
cashier |
teller |
касир |
centre of the city |
downtown |
центр міста |
chair |
department |
кафедра (у ВУЗі) |
chemist’s |
drugstore, pharmacy |
аптека |
chips |
French fries |
смажена картопля |
cinema |
movie theater |
кінотеатр |
clever |
smart |
кмітливий |
coach |
bus |
туристичний автобус |
company |
corporation |
крупна компанія |
cooker, oven |
stove |
кухонна плита |
country |
nation |
країна |
crossroads |
intersection |
переїзд, перехрестя |
cul-de-sac |
dead end |
тупик |
current account |
checking account |
поточний рахунок у банку |
dinner jacket |
tuxedo |
смокінг |
doctor |
physician |
лікар |
double track |
double line |
двоколійний путь |
draughts |
checkers |
шашки |
driver |
engineman |
машиніст |
dust bin |
garbage can |
ящик для сміття |
enquiry office |
information bureau |
довідкове бюро |
faculty |
department |
факультет |
flat |
apartment |
квартира |
form |
grade |
клас (у школі) |
fortnight |
two weeks |
два тижні |
full stop |
period |
крапка |
goods shed |
freight house |
товарний склад |
government, cabinet |
administration |
уряд |
ground floor |
first floor |
перший поверх |
the High Street |
Main Street |
головна вулиця міста |
on holiday |
on vacation |
у відпустці |
lend |
loan |
позичати |
lift |
elevator |
ліфт |
liquidizer |
blender |
міксер |
lorry |
truck |
вантажівка |
Ltd. (limited) |
Inc. (incorporated) |
ТОВ |
luggage |
baggage |
багаж |
main road |
highway |
шосе |
pavement |
sidewalk |
тротуар |
petrol |
gasoline, gas |
бензин |
primary school |
elementary school |
початкова школа |
post code |
zip code |
поштовий індекс |
queue |
line |
черга |
railway |
railroad |
залізниця |
rolling stock |
equipment |
рухомий склад |
rubber |
eraser |
гумка |
secondary school |
high school |
середня школа |
shop |
store |
магазин |
shopping centre |
mall |
торговельний центр |
shunting |
switching |
маневри |
sleepers |
railroad ties |
шпали |
subway |
pedestrian underpass |
підземний перехід |
thousand million |
billion |
мільярд |
timber |
lumber |
древина |
toilet |
bathroom, restroom |
туалет |
tram |
street car |
трамвай |
trousers |
pants, slacks |
брюки |
underground, tube |
subway |
метро |
zebra (pedestrian) crossing |
cross walk |
пішохідний перехід |
