- •Contents
- •Предисловие
- •1. Read and memorize the active vocabulary.
- •Verbs and verbal phrases
- •2. Read the following international words and guess their meaning.
- •3. Match the words and their transcriptions.
- •4. Look at the following list of nouns. Write down the corresponding verb in the space provided. The first one has been done for you.
- •7. Combine the words from the column on the left with the suitable nouns from the column on the right.
- •8. Combine the words with the help of the preposition of.
- •5. Look at the following list of nouns. Write down the corresponding adjectives in the space provided. The first one has been done for you.
- •6. Match the terms and their definitions.
- •9. Choose the right word or word-combination.
- •10. Fill in the words listed below.
- •11. Give the comparative and superlative of the following adjectives.
- •12. Give the three forms of the following verbs.
- •13. Choose the sentences with Passive Voice and translate them.
- •14. Complete the sentences with an active or passive form.
- •15. Choose the right answers to the following questions.
- •16. Discuss these questions.
- •17. Read the text and translate it into Russian.
- •Water Transport
- •18. Decide whether the following statements are true or false according to the text.
- •19. Complete the following sentences according to the text.
- •20. Answer the following questions.
- •Verbs and verbal phrases
- •26. Read the text and answer the questions below.
- •Shipping
- •27. Practice saying the following words.
- •28. Read and memorize the active vocabulary.
- •Verbs and verbal phrases
- •29. Read the text and speak on navigation equipment and safety standards for ships.
- •Navigating a Ship
- •30. Practice saying the following words.
- •31. Read and memorize the active vocabulary.
- •Verbs and verbal phrases
- •32. Read the text and say what hazards substances are taken into the un Act on measures against water pollution and how they are classified. Translate the text into the Russian language.
- •Pollution by Ships
- •33. Read the texts of Unit I again, make notes under the following headings. Then use your notes to talk about Water Transportation.
- •1. Read and memorize the active vocabulary.
- •Verbs and verbal phrases
- •2. Read the following international words and guess their meaning.
- •3. Match the words and their transcriptions.
- •4. Look at the following list of nouns. Write down the corresponding verb in the space provided. The first one has been done for you.
- •5. Match the terms and their definitions.
- •6. Combine the words from the column on the left with the suitable nouns from the column on the right.
- •7. Match the synonyms.
- •8. Choose the right word or word-combination.
- •9. Fill in the words listed below.
- •10. Translate the following phrases paying attention to Participle I and Participle II.
- •11. Choose the correct translation of the sentence.
- •12. Study the following chart and according to it complete the sentences below.
- •13. Read the text and translate it into Russian.
- •The Varieties of Boats
- •14. Decide whether the following statements are true or false according to the text.
- •15. Complete the following sentences according to the text.
- •16. Answer the following questions.
- •Verbs and verbal phrases
- •22. Read the text and answer the questions below.
- •Short-Distance Vessels
- •23. Practice saying the following words.
- •24. Read and memorize the active vocabulary.
- •Verbs and verbal phrases
- •25. Read the text and speak on the classification, types and usage of general cargo ships.
- •General Cargo Ships
- •26. Practice saying the following words.
- •27. Read and memorize the active vocabulary.
- •Verbs and verbal phrases
- •28. Read the text and say for what specialized vessels are used. Translate the text into the Russian language.
- •Specialized Vessels
- •29. Read the texts of Unit II again, make notes under the following headings. Then use your notes to talk about Types of Vessels.
- •1. Read and memorize the active vocabulary.
- •Verbs and verbal phrases
- •2. Read the following international words and guess their meaning.
- •3. Match the words and their transcriptions.
- •4. Look at the following list of nouns. Write down the corresponding verb in the space provided. The first one has been done for you.
- •5. Look at the following list of nouns. Write down the corresponding adjectives in the space provided. The first one has been done for you.
- •6. Match the terms with their definitions.
- •7. Combine the words with the help of the preposition of.
- •8. Match the English and Russian equivalents.
- •9. Combine the words from the column on the left with the suitable nouns from the column on the right.
- •10. Choose the correct word or word-combination.
- •11. Fill in the words listed below.
- •12. Make up the Participle I and Participle II from the following verbs.
- •13. Translate the following sentences paying attention to Participle II.
- •14. Translate the following sentences paying attention to Participle I.
- •15. Translate the following sentences paying attention to Infinitive.
- •16. Translate the sentences. Find the examples with the Gerund.
- •17. Discuss these questions.
- •18. Read the text and translate it into Russian.
- •Ship Structure
- •19. Decide whether the following statements are true or false according to the text.
- •20. Complete the following sentences according to the text.
- •21. Answer the following questions.
- •26. Read and memorize the active vocabulary.
- •Verbs and verbal phrases
- •27. Read the text and answer the questions below.
- •Modern Principles of Shipbuilding
- •Verbs and verbal phrases
- •30. Read the text and speak on three kinds of hull construction, their advantages and disadvantages.
- •Hull Works
- •28. Practice saying the following words.
- •29. Read and memorize the active vocabulary.
- •1. Deck; 2. Transverse bulkhead; 3. Side frame; 4. Stem; 5. Forepeak; 6. Side stringer; 7. Double bottom; 8. Floor; 9. Afterpeak; 10. Sternpost; 11. Hatch; 12. Carling; 13. Deck beam
- •30. Practice saying the following words.
- •31. Read and memorize the active vocabulary.
- •Verbs and verbal phrases
- •32. Translate the text into the Russian language.
- •Installations
- •1) Hull Installation Work:
- •2) Electrical Installation:
- •3) Installation of the Auxiliary Machinery:
- •4) Installation of Boilers:
- •33. Read the texts of Unit III again, make notes under the following headings. Then use your notes to talk about Shipbuilding.
- •1. Read and memorize the active vocabulary.
- •Verbs and verbal phrases
- •2. Read the following international words and guess their meaning.
- •3. Match the words and their transcriptions.
- •4. Look at the following list of nouns. Write down the corresponding verb in the space provided. The first one has been done for you.
- •5. Match the terms with their definitions.
- •6. Combine the words with the help of the preposition of.
- •7. Combine the words from the column on the left with the suitable nouns from the column on the right.
- •8. Match the English and Russian equivalents.
- •9. Fill in the words listed below.
- •10. Translate the sentences paying attention to the Complex Subject and the Complex Object.
- •11. Complete the sentences with Complex Subject.
- •12. Discuss these questions.
- •13. Read the text and translate it into Russian.
- •Belarusian Water Transport
- •16. Complete the following sentences according to the text.
- •17. Answer the following questions.
- •18. Fill in the correct prepositions, translate the phrases.
- •23. Read and memorize the active vocabulary.
- •Verbs and verbal phrases
- •24. Read the text and answer the questions below.
- •The Chinese Shipbuilding Industry
- •25. Practice saying the following words.
- •26. Read and memorize the active vocabulary.
- •Verbs and verbal phrases
- •27. Read the text and speak on the undertaken measures and new technologies which allow Korea to be at the top of shipbuilding industry.
- •Shipbuilding Industry of Korea
- •28. Practice saying the following words.
- •29. Read and memorize the active vocabulary.
- •Verbs and verbal phrases
- •30. Translate the text into the Russian language.
- •The European Shipbuilding Industry
- •31. Read the texts of Unit IV again, make notes under the following headings. Then use your notes to talk about Modern Worldwide Shipbuilding Industry.
- •Text 5 Passenger Liners
- •Text 7 Developing Environmentally Friendly Ships
- •Text 9 An Introduction to Ship’s Turbine Generator
- •Text 10 Coronav: High-Definition Corrosion Control
- •Text 11
- •Than 4-Stroke on Ships?
- •Text 12 Starting Procedure for Turbine Generator on Ship
- •Text 13
- •Text 14 Environmentally Friendly Antifouling Paint
- •Text 15
3) Installation of the Auxiliary Machinery:
According to the method by which it is installed, the auxiliary machinery can be subdivided into four categories:
1) machinery supplied to the ship in the form of individual complete assemblies; these have to be aligned on the ship and fixed to the foundations on wedges (for instance, the steering machinery); 2) machinery including power and working units in the same housing (for instance, turbine and electric pumps); 3) machinery mounted on one foundation frame by means of which it is connected to the ship's foundations (diesel generators and compressors, etc.); 4) machinery with no moving parts (ejector pumps, filters, evaporators, etc.).
Before the auxiliary machinery is installed a check is carried out to ensure that the foundation for the machinery is correctly positioned relative to the base planes and that the dimensions of the supporting surfaces correspond to those shown on the drawings.
The supporting surfaces of the foundations for machinery in the first and second categories are machined using portable (pneumatic) grinders or milling machines, and are filed to a checking template in the same way as the foundations for shaft-line bearings or the main propulsive machinery.
Machinery of the third and fourth categories is usually mounted on hardwood spacing pieces (oak, ash or teak), and the supporting surfaces of the foundations are not machined, merely dressed. The wooden spacing pieces made in the shop, with an allowance for adjustment on the spot. The spacing pieces are fitted to the dressed supporting surface of the foundation and set in position on studs.
4) Installation of Boilers:
The principle of integrating into combinations greatly reduces the labour and time required for installing boilers. To simplify and speed up the installation of boilers a considerable amount of work which was previously performed on the building berth or while prefabricating the blocks is now performed in the boiler shop (or at the boiler making works); this includes the adjustment and installation of fittings and fireboxes; the installation of the piping in the boiler; the installation of base plates, insulation of the boilers, etc. The boilers are supplied to the ship fully fitted out for installation, i.e., in the form of integrated combinations of equipment. Installation of the main boilers can commence as soon as the basic hull welding is complete and the watertightness tests have been made in the boiler room region.
New methods of installing water tube boilers as integrated combinations of equipment have therefore been worked out; with these methods there is no need for machining the supporting surfaces of the boiler foundations: the boiler is installed using an intermediate frame or intermediate parts in the foundation. In this case the boiler foundation pedestals are as it were separated into two parts in depth; the upper parts of these pedestals are connected together by box girders into a separate frame called the "intermediate frame". When the intermediate frame has been assembled and welded, the supporting surfaces of its pedestals are machined. The frame is now transported to the assembly stand, and when it has been checked and fixed in position the boiler is fully assembled on it. The boiler supports are finally fixed to the frame pedestals, and spacing pieces are inserted into the gaps at the moving supports in order to fix their position.
At present the principle of integrating into combinations is applied to auxiliary machinery and the apparatus and devices associated with it, which are mounted on the same foundation frame; the principle is also applied to integrating machinery and devices in common housings. Calculations have shown that, in certain cases, the integration of auxiliary machinery on common foundation frames reduces the weight of the foundations by 20-25%, reduces the amount of labour required for their fabrication by 75%, and reduces the labour required for their installation on board ship by 60-70%; the amount of piping used is also reduced.
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