41. Infectious diseases. Інфекційні захворювання

I. Vocabulary

1. Guess the meaning of the following words.

Bacteria, viruses, infections, microorganisms, human, pathogens, cells, reproduction,

produce, million, result, pneumonia, tuberculosis, microscopes, materials, influenza, to identify, hepatitis, polio, epidemic, pandemic, malaria.

2. Match the words with the definitions.

1. boil

2. measles

3. to multiply

4. rabies

5. chickenpox

6. protozoans

7. worms

8. rubella

9. mumps

a) a very dangerous disease that affects dogs and other animals, and that

you can catch if you are bitten by an infected animal.

b) legless parasites that may live in the bodies of people or animals and

eat their food or their blood.

c) a very small living thing that has only one cell.

d) to breed.

e) a painful infected swelling under someone's skin.

f) an infectious illness which causes a slight fever and spots on your skin.

g) an infectious illness in which you have a fever and small red spots on

your face and body. People often have this disease when they are

children.

h) an infectious illness which makes your neck swell and become painful.

i) an infectious disease that causes red spots on your body, and can

damage an unborn child.

3. Translate the following sentences into Ukrainian.

1. If vets can get close enough, they will test the animal for rabies.

2. We will not accept any weakening of our rabies prevention safeguards.

3. Worms can spread much faster than viruses.

4. These worms grow to an average length of about 1 meter and a diameter of 2

centimeters.

5. Another parasitic protozoan is Myxobolus, this one causing fatal internal cysts and highly

resistant to treatment.

6. There are about 10000 species of protozoans.

7. Bacteria multiply quickly in warm food.

8. The boy's body is covered in boils.

9. I caught influenza along with the chickenpox.

10. Justin was in the hospital under observation after he contracted chickenpox and a cough.

11. Scarlet fever, mumps, chickenpox, and whooping cough floated in the air.

12. An epidemic of measles, mumps or rubella is now possible.

13. The vaccine is used to immunize children against measles, mumps and rubella.

14. Cytomegalovirus is a less well-known infection which affects considerably greater.

II. Dialogues

1. Complete the dialogue with the words/phrases below and act it out.

kilos, food, in general, phlegm, energy, pains

Doctor: And how long have you had this temperature?

Patient: Oh, I don't know exactly. About two weeks on and off.

D.: And is the temperature there all the time or does it come on at any particular time?

P.: Well, sometimes I'm all right during the day but, I wake up at night and I'm drenched in

sweat, drenched, and sometimes my whole body shakes.

D.: And how have you been feeling ?

P.: Well, I don't know, I've been feeling a bit tired and weak. And I just don't seem to have

any .

D.: And have you noticed any pain in your muscles?

P.: Yes, well, actually I have a bit, yes.

D.: And what about your weight? Have you lost any weight?

P.: Yes, I have, about two .

D.: I see, and what about your appetite? What's your appetite been like?

P.: Well, I've really been off my this last while. I just haven't felt like eating.

D.: And have you had a cough at all?

P.: Oh yes, I have. Nearly all the time. I sometimes bring up a lot of

D.: And have you noticed any blood in it?

P.: No, never.

D.: Have you had any in your chest?

P.: Not really.

III. Writing

1. Give as much information as you can about:

- bacterial diseases;

- viral diseases;

- AIDS;

- infectious diseases caused by fungi, protozoans and worms;

- the spread of infectious diseases

2. Fill in the words from the list, then make sentences using the completed phrases.

1. ___________ microorganisms

2. ___________ particle

3. ___________ infections

4. ___________ disorders

5. ___________ contagious

6. ___________ the world

7. ___________ microscopes

3. Fill in the correct prepositions. Use one of them twice.

from, at, throughout, by, for, to, in

1. Many serious diseases, including tuberculosis, result ______ bacterial multiplication.

2. Most infectious diseases are communicable — that is, they can spread from person _______ person.

3. Some infectious diseases are always present ________ a particular geographic region.

4. Viruses can be seen only ________ means of powerful electron microscopes.

5. Many people with AIDS die _________ illnesses that do not normally occur or that normally are not serious.

6. Viruses are also responsible ________ influenza and the common cold.

7. When an epidemic occurs _________ several places throughout the world at the same time, it is called a pandemic.

8. Malaria is endemic ________ much of Africa.

Самостійна робота

Independent work

Give as much information as you can about:

- bacterial diseases;

- viral diseases;

- AIDS;

- infectious diseases caused by fungi, protozoans and worms;

- the spread of infectious diseases.

.

42. Nutrition. Vitamins.

Харчування, вітаміни