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- •Answer the questions:
- •Exercises
- •I. Form words after the models and translate them into Ukrainian:
- •VIII.Arrange the following words in pairs according to:
- •IX. Form and memorize the pronunciation of the Past Simple and the Past Participle of the following verbs:
- •X. Insert articles before nouns where necessary:
- •XI. Put the verbs in brackets in the correct tense form and translate the sentences into Ukrainian:
- •XII. Put questions to the words in bold type and translate them into Ukrainian:
- •XIII. Translate into English using words and expressions from the text:
- •Text 1 b Engineers in the 21st Century
- •Text 2 a Potential and Kinetic Energy
- •8. Transform the sentences using Passive Voice where it is possible:
- •Text 2 b Energy
- •Unit 3 Grammar:
- •Reading Exercises
- •Text 3 a force, work, energy and power
- •Answer the questions:
- •Fill in the blanks with the words given below:
- •Arrange the following words in pairs of synonyms and translate them:
- •Translate the following international words:
- •Make up pairs of the following words and translate them:
- •Fill in the blanks with the prepositions given below: to, of, at, in, on, with, for, from, by:
- •Text 3 b sources of power
- •Text 4 a mathematics — the language of science
- •Answer the questions:
- •Exercises
- •Text 4 b the victim of overwhelming numbers
- •І. Read and memorize:
- •Iiі. Make up a plan of the story and render its contents.
- •2. Practice reading the following two-syllable words with the stress one the first syllable:
- •3. Practice reading the following two-syllable words with the stress on the second syllable:
- •4. Practice reading the following many syllable words:
- •5. Practice reading the following word-combinations:
- •6. Memorize the spelling and pronunciation of the following words:
- •Text 5 a Solar Power
- •Answer the questions:
- •VI. Translate the sentences paying attention to different meanings of the words in bold type:
- •Text 5 b Scales of Temperature
- •Unit 6 Grammar:
- •Reading exercises
- •Text 6 a radar
- •Answer the questions:
- •Exercises
- •VIII. Finish the sentences:
- •IX. Make up questions to the following answers:
- •X. Translate the sentences paying attention to different meanings of “as”:
- •XI. Translate the following word combinations:
- •XII. Translate the following words paying attention to the meaning of the prefix “pre-”:
- •Text 6 b radar guides harbour traffic
- •Text 6 c radio waves
- •Reading Exercises
- •Text 7 a albert einstein
- •Answer the questions:
- •Exercises
- •I.Form nouns using the given suffixes and translate them:
- •2. Underline the suffixes of nouns and translate the given word-combinations:
- •3.Study the following table and translate the sentences given below:
- •4.Translate the following word-combinations paying attention to the use of nouns as attributes:
- •5. Use the Imperative Mood and translate the sentences:
- •6. Use the Imperative Mood in the following sentences and translate them:
- •7. A). Translate the following sentences paying attention to the meanings of some and same:
- •8. Translate the following sentences using the words and word-combinations given below:
- •9.Read and retell:
- •Text 7 b
- •It is interesting to know…
- •Text 7 c einstein’s photoelectric law
- •Unit 8 Grammar :
- •Reading exercises
- •I. Practice reading the following:
- •Text 8 a exploring the ocean
- •Answer the questions:
- •Exercises
- •Translate the following word-combinations:
- •Fill in the blanks with the words given below:
- •Finish the sentences:
- •Make up pairs of the following words and translate them into Ukrainian:
- •Fill in the blanks with the appropriate prepositions:
- •XI. Translate the sentences paying attention to different functions of "do":
- •Text 8 b underwater tv camera
- •Text 8 c wave motion and sound
- •Text 9 a semiconductors
- •Answer the questions:
- •Exercises
- •Translate the following words and state their parts of speech:
- •Translate the following words paying attention to the prefixes “ir-”, “re-” and “im-”:
- •Translate the sentences:
- •Translate the following attributive word-combinations:
- •Translate the following sentences and make up questions to them:
- •Text 9 b Semiconductor Laser
- •Text 9 c Semiconductors in modern technology
- •Unit 10
- •Reading exercises
- •Practice reading the following
- •Text 10 a transistors
- •Group the antonyms and translate them: Successful a outside adv
- •Directly adv inexhaustible a
- •Answer the questions:
- •Exercises
- •Translate the sentences paying attention to the conjunction both…and:
- •Translate the following words and word-combinations:
- •Group the synonyms and translate them:
- •Translate the words paying attention to the prefixes pre-, super-, in-, dis-:
- •Translate the sentences paying attention to the meanings of “provided”:
- •Make up questions to the words in bold type:
- •Fill in the blanks with the words given below:
- •Finish the sentences:
- •Text 10 b Transistors and Semiconductor Devices
- •Exercises
- •Text 11 b radio in astronomy
- •Text 11 c the story of radio
- •1. Study the text. Try to understand all details. Use a dictionary if necessary:
- •Unit 12
- •Text 12 a The Fundamental Problems of Television.
- •Answer the questions:
- •Exercises
- •Translate the following words paying attention to the prefixes:
- •Translate the sentences paying attention to the adverbs:
- •Translate the sentences paying attention to the adverbs: e xtremely difficult problem яка? проблема
- •Translate the sentences paying attention to the participles:
- •Translate the sentences paying attention to verb “involve” and the participle “involved”:
- •Translate the sentences paying attention to the words “point” and “view”:
- •View n, V
- •Translate the sentences paying attention to the words in bold type:
- •Translate the sentences paying attention to the verb “provide” and the noun “provision”:
- •Translate the sentences paying attention to the meaning of the words “provided”, “ provided that”, “ providing”:
- •Translate sentences paying attention to the function of the words “provided” and “ providing ”:
- •Translate sentences paying attention to the meanings of the noun “succession”:
- •Translate the sentences paying attention to the meaning of the verb “locate”:
- •Text 12 b The Social History of Television as a Technology
- •Study the text. Try to understand all details. Use a dictionary if necessary:
- •Say whether the following statements are true or false:
- •Unit 13
- •Text 13(a) Electronic computer evolution
- •Answer the questions :
- •Exercises
- •I. Form new words by adding "micro-" or "super-" to the following words and translate them into Ukrainian:
- •II. Read and memorize the following terms and their Ukrainian meaning:
- •VIII. Translate the following sentences into Ukrainian paying attention to the meanings of the words "matter" and "involve":
- •IX. Translate into English using words and word-combinations from the text:
- •Text 13(b) What Can Computers Do?
- •Text 13(c) Digital computers
- •Unit 14
- •Text 14(a) Superconductivity
- •Answer these questions:
- •Exercises
- •I. Translate these word combinations into Ukrainian:
- •II. Translate the following words, paying attention to the meaning of the prefixes super-, over-:
- •III. Translate these word combinations, paying attention to different meanings of the following words:
- •IV. Translate these word combinations and make up sentences using them:
- •V. Find synonyms in the following sentences and write them out:
- •VI. Translate into Ukrainian using Complex Subject:
- •Text 14(b) Liquid Helium Surprises
- •Text 14(c) Cryogenic propellants
- •Unit 15
- •Text № 15(a) the modern theory of light
- •Answer the questions:
- •Exercises
- •I. Translate the sentences paying attention to the meanings of the verbs in bold type.
- •II. Translate the sentences choosing the right variant.
- •In terms of: 1. В одиницях, у величинах;
- •2. На підставі, з точки зору;
- •III. Translate the sentences paying attention to the verb “to exceed” and its derivatives.
- •IV. Translate the sentences paying attention to close meanings of the words in bold type.
- •V. Translate the sentences paying attention to the adverbs.
- •VI. Translate the sentences paying attention to the meaning of the noun “evidence”.
- •VII. Translate the following word-combinations with the suffix –able.
- •VIII Translate the words paying attention to the prefixes.
- •Text № 15 b Modern Light-Wave Communications Technology Read the text. Try to understand all details. Use a dictionary if necessary:
- •I. Say whether the following statements are true or false.
- •II. Answer the following questions on paragraph 1.
- •III. Describe the technological differences between the conventional telecommunications transmission and lightwave systems.
- •IV. Divide the text into logical parts and find topical sentences in each part. Unit 16
- •Text 16 a k. E. Tsiolkovsky (1857 – 1935)
- •Answer the questions:
- •Exercises
- •IX. Make up sentences using the following models:
- •X. Translate into English the words given in brackets:
- •XI. Fill in the blanks with the words given below:
- •XII. Finish the sentences with the words given below and translate them:
- •Text 16 b From Radio Valves to Cosmic Communications
- •Text 16 c Application of electric-propulsion system
- •Unit 17
- •Text 17 a an efficiency of nearly 100 per cent
- •Answer the questions:
- •Exercises
- •XI. Arrange the following words in pairs of synonyms and translate them:
- •XII. Arrange the following words in pairs of antonyms and translate them:
- •XIII. Translate into English:
- •XIV. Make up questions to the following answers:
- •XV. Translate the following international words:
- •Text 17 b laser technology
- •Text 17 c laser in the clothes-making industry
- •Unit 18
- •Text 18 a the colour spectrum
- •Answer the questions:
- •Exercises
- •I. Translate the following verbs paying attention to the prefixes:
- •III. Translate the sentences paying attention to the meaning of the word “matter”:
- •IV. Translate the sentences paying attention to the verbs in bold type:
- •Identify
- •V. Translate the sentences paying attention to the meanings of the word “but”:
- •VI. Translate the sentences paying attention to the meanings of the verbs in bold type:
- •VII. Translate the sentences paying attention to the meanings of the noun “background”.
- •VIII. Translate the sentences paying attention to the meanings of “in respect to” and “with respect to”.
- •IX. Translate the sentences paying attention to the adjectives in bold type:
- •X. Translate the sentences paying attention to the meanings of the verb “to draw”:
- •Text 18 b Communicating Through the Earth
- •Unit 19
- •Text 19 a Computers (Fundamentals)
- •Answer the questions:
- •Translate the following words paying attention to the prefixes:
- •Translate the sentences paying attention to the words of the same root.
- •Translate the sentences paying attention to the adverb phrases.
- •Translate the sentences paying attention to the meanings of the word “subject”:
- •Translate the sentences paying attention to the word-combinations with the noun “case”:
- •Translate the sentences paying attention to the meaning of the word “once”:
- •Translate the sentences containing the noun “art” and its derivatives:
- •Text 19 b The automated factory
- •Text 19 c
- •Integrated Circuits
- •Answer the following questions:
- •Speak about integrated circuits.
- •Answer the questions:
- •Exercises
- •I. Translate the following words paying attention to the prefixes:
- •II. Translate the sentences paying attention to the verbs in bold type
- •III. Translate the sentences paying attention to the adverbs: finally, ultimately, and eventually.
- •IV. Translate the sentences paying attention to the meanings of the verbs in bold type:
- •V. Translate the sentences. Mind the difference in the meanings of the verbs “to effect” and “to affect”:
- •VI. Translate the sentences paying attention to the words in bold type:
- •VII. Translate the sentences paying attention to the meanings of the adjective “apparent”.
- •VIII. Translate the sentences paying attention to the words of the same root:
- •IX. Translate the sentences paying attention to the meanings of the preposition “by”:
- •Text 20 b exploring our sun
- •Additional Reading text 1 Age of Thinking Machines
- •Text 2 atoms and nuclear fuels
- •Text 3 The neutron
- •Text 4 algebraic language
- •Text 5 Radioactivity
- •Text 6 how radar works
- •Text 7 Quantum electronics
- •Text 8 sonic techniques for industry
- •Text 9 Semiconductors
- •Text 10 The structure of the triode transistor
- •Text 11 radio waves
- •Text 12 brief analysis of the television system
- •Basic structure of a picture
- •Text 13 operating systems Types of Computer Operation
- •The Nature of an Operating System
- •Text 14 superconductivity at room temperature
- •Text 15 Optical fibres
- •Text 16 reliability of missiles and space vehicles
- •Text 17 reliability of electronic systems
- •Text 18 propagation of light
- •Reflection and refraction of light
- •Text 19 notions of intelligence
- •Text 20 stellar evolution
- •Appendix 1 Grammar Exercises
- •I. Simple Tenses (Active/Passive)
- •1. Make the following sentences negative and translate them:
- •2. Ask general questions and give the short answers:
- •3. Make the following sentences negative and interrogative and translate them:
- •4. Put the sentences in the Past and Future Simple Tense:
- •5. Ask all possible kinds of questions:
- •6. Make the sentences negative and translate them:
- •7. Put the sentences in the Past and Future Simple Tense:
- •8. Make the following sentences negative and interrogative and translate them:
- •9. Make up all possible kinds of questions:
- •10. Translate the sentences, state the tense and the voice of the verbs:
- •XVII. Say the following sentences in Ukrainian. Take into account the possible ways of translating the passive voice.
- •II. Continuous Tenses (Active / Passive)
- •1. Translate the following sentences:
- •2. Translate the following sentences paying attention to the Passive Voice:
- •3. State the tense-forms of the verbs in the following sentences. Translate the sentences:
- •4. Read the following sentences and say which of them are in the Active and which are in the Passive Voice. Translate them:
- •5. Analyse the functions of the verb to be. Translate the sentences:
- •III. Perfect Tenses (Active / Passive)
- •1. Translate the following sentences paying attention to the use of perfect forms:
- •2. State the tense forms and translate the following sentences:
- •3. Translate the following sentences paying attention to the Passive Voice:
- •4. State the tense forms of the verbs and translate the sentences:
- •5. State the tense-forms of the verbs in the following sentences and translate them
- •6. Translate the following sentences paying attention to the predicates in the Perfect Passive:
- •7. Compare the use of the Past Simple and the Present Perfect in the following sentences, translate them
- •8. State the functions of the verb to have in the following sentences. Translate them:
- •IV. Sequence of Tenses
- •1. Translate the sentences paying attention to the sequence of tenses:
- •2. Change the sentences from direct into reported speech. Mind the rule of sequence of tenses:
- •V. Modal Verbs
- •1. Translate the following sentences. Pay attention to the modal verbs:
- •3. Translate the sentences. Pay attention to the use of modal verbs and their equivalents:
- •4. Translate the following sentences paying attention to modal verbs with Perfect Infinitive:
- •5. Translate the following sentences. Pay attention to the form of the infinitive.
- •VI. Nouns as Attributes
- •1. Translate the following sentences. Pay attention to the underlined attributive word-combinations.
- •2. Choose the appropriate translation for the given word-combinations.
- •VII. Degrees of Comparison of Adjectives and Adverbs
- •1. Open the brackets using the proper form of the adjectives:
- •2. Translate the sentences paying attention to the meaning of as…as:
- •3. Translate the following sentences with unequal comparisons:
- •4.Translate the following sentences. Pay attention to the degrees of comparison of adjectives.
- •5. Translate the sentences. Pay attention to the degrees of comparison:
- •6. Translate the following sentences:
- •VIII. Quantifiers: some/any/no/much/few/little.
- •1. Make the following sentences interrogative. Pay attention to the use of “some”, “any”, “no” and their derivatives.
- •2. Translate the following sentences.
- •III. Fill-in the blanks with many, much, little, few, a little, a few.
- •IV. Fill in the blanks with some, any, no, every and their derivatives:
- •1. State the functions of the Infinitive in the following sentences. Translate them:
- •2. State the functions of the infinitives and translate the sentences.
- •3. Translate the sentences. Pay attention to the infinitive as an attribute.
- •4. Change the following complex sentences given below according to the example and translate them.
- •5. Change the following complex sentences according to the example. Translate them.
- •6. Translate the groups of words and sentences paying attention to the passive infinitive as an attribute.
- •7. Translate the sentences with the infinitive as an adverbial modifier of the subsequent action.
- •8. Translate the sentences with the infinitive as an adverbial modifier of consequence.
- •9. Translate the sentences. Pay attention to the use of the Complex Subject.
- •10. Translate the sentences paying attention to the Complex Subject with the Infinitive.
- •11. Translate the sentences paying attention to the form of the infinitive.
- •12. Translate the following sentences with the Complex Subject:
- •13. Translate the sentences. Pay attention to the use of the Complex Object.
- •14. Translate the sentences with the Complex Object paying attention to the meaning of the verbs “cause” and “make”.
- •16. Translate the following sentences. Pay attention to the use of infinitive clauses:
- •17. Translate the following sentences paying attention to the functions of the Infinitive:
- •18. Translate the following sentences paying attention to the infinitive clauses:
- •19. Translate the sentences paying attention to the infinitives and infinitive clauses.
- •X. Participle. Absolute Participle Clause
- •1. State the functions of Participle I in the following sentences and translate them:
- •2. Choose the sentences with Participle I from the ones given below, translate them:
- •3. Translate the following sentences paying attention to the functions of Participle II:
- •4. Translate the sentences paying attention to the participles as attributes:
- •5. Translate the sentences paying attention to the participles as adverbial modifiers:
- •6. Find Participle II in the following sentences and translate them:
- •7. State the functions of Participle I and Participle II:
- •8. Translate the sentences with participles, state their functions:
- •9. Translate the following sentences. Pay attention to the use of various participle clauses:
- •10. Translate the following sentences paying attention to the Absolute Participle Clause:
- •11. Choose the sentences with the Absolute Participle Clause from the ones given below. Translate them:
- •12. Translate the sentences with participle clauses:
- •13. Translate the sentences with the Absolute Participle Clause:
- •14. Translate the sentences paying attention to participle clauses containing the preposition “with”:
- •15. Translate the sentences paying attention to the participle clauses with “as”:
- •17. Translate the sentences paying attention to the participles and participle clauses:
- •XI. Gerund. Gerund Clause. Ing – forms.
- •1. Translate the following sentences paying attention to the functions of the Gerund:
- •2. Translate the following sentences into Ukrainian paying attention to the Gerund Clause:
- •3. State the function of the Gerund in the following sentences and translate them:
- •5. State the form and function of the verb form ending in -ing. Translate the sentences:
- •6. Translate the following sentences. Note the words which help you to state whether the word with the suffix -ing is a Verbal Noun, a Gerund or a Participle:
- •7. Translate these sentences. Pay attention to the use of the verbals:
- •1. Translate the following sentences paying attention to the verbs in the Subjunctive Mood:
- •2. Translate the sentences. Mind the means of expressing the Subjunctive Mood:
- •3. State the types of conditional clauses in the following complex sentences and translate them:
- •4. State the functions of should and would. Translate the sentences:
- •5. Translate the sentences paying attention to the verbs in Subjunctive Mood:
- •6. Translate the sentences using one of the ways given in the example:
- •7. Translate the sentences paying attention to the verbs in Subjunctive Mood:
- •8. Translate the sentences paying attention to the meanings of "should":
- •9. Translate the sentences paying attention to the meanings of "would":
- •10. Translate the following conditional sentences paying attention to emphatic inversion:
- •XIII. Inversion.
- •1. Translate the sentences with inversion:
- •2. Translate the sentences with inversion paying attention to the place of the predicate:
- •4. Translate the sentences with inversion beginning with the word "so"(також):
- •5. Translate the sentences with inversion paying attention to the conjunctions "as" and "though":
- •6. Translate the sentences using inversion:
- •7. Translate the sentences with inversion:
- •XIV. Elliptic Sentences.
- •1. Translate the following elliptic sentences:
- •2. Translate the following groups of words and sentences with ellipsis:
- •Translate the elliptic sentences with "if any":
- •4. Translate the following sentences with ellipsis:
- •XV. “It”, “that” / “those”, “one” / “ones”, “both…and”; “either…or”; “neither…nor”
- •1. Translate the following sentences. Pay attention to the meanings of “it”, ”that”.
- •2. Translate the following cleft sentences It is … that (who, which), It is not until …that.
- •3. Translate the sentences. Pay attention to the meanings of “that” / “those”.
- •4. Translate the following sentences. Pay attention to the meanings of “one”/”ones”.
- •5. Translate the following sentences. Pay attention on to the use of correlative coordination: both…and; either…or; neither …nor:
- •XVI. Complex Sentences. Zero “that”- clauses.
- •1. Translate the sentences with zero that- and which- clauses:
- •2. Analyze the following sentences and translate them:
- •Appendix 2 Довідник з читання математичних символів та інших позначень, а також найбільш вживаних скорочень в англійських технічних текстах. Перелiк деяких хiмiчних елементiв
- •Одиницi вимiру Linear Measures
- •Measures of Weights
- •Measures of Volume
- •Square Measures
- •Cubic Measures
- •Дробовi числівники (Fractional Numerals) Простi дроби ( Common Fractions )
- •Десятковi дроби(Decimal Fractions)
- •Математичнi вирази, симоли I рiвняння
- •В iдсотки
- •Iменованi числа
- •Скорочення
Answer the questions:
1. Whose words became an axiom of astronautics?
2. Where and how did Tsiolkovsky acquire knowledge?
3. What were the two laws that constituted the solution of cosmic flight problems?
4. What was the main problem Tsiolkovsky had been working at for many years?
5. What was his contribution to the development of astronautics?
Exercises
I. Translate the following words paying attention to the suffixes:
Act – action – active – activate;
found – foundation – founder;
experience – experiment – experimental;
produce – producer – production – productive;
calculate – calculated – calculation – calculator;
work – workable – worker – working;
serve – servant – service.
II. Translate these words paying attention to the negative prefixes and suffixes:
unable – helpless – dissimilar – illogical – senseless – irregular – unproductive – disrupt – improper – misunderstand.
III. Form new words using the prefix "inter-":
national, connection, action, communication, dependence, planetary.
IV. Form words after the models and translate them:
verb+ - ion; verb + - ation; verb + - ence.
realize; examine; differ; describe; exclaim; possess; protect.
V. Form words with opposite meaning by adding the prefixes:
-un; -dis; -im; -in; -ir.
charge; real; mobile; removable; significant; prove; similar; reasonable; probable.
VI. Translate the following words and state their part of speech:
competence; measurable; historic; appliance; installation; effectiveness.
VII. Form adjectives adding the suffixes to the following nouns:
change
help -less
fame -ous
transport -ic
sound -able
meteor
VIII. Translate the following word-combinations:
a self-taught man; to prevent from; to acquire knowledge; to outline the design; to lay a foundation; to obtain a post; to speed along the orbit; to come across; to reach a point; a step forward; endless patience; the problems of flight and interplanetary travel; the law of persistence of the centre of gravity; to constitute the solution of the problem; subsequent rocket theories; jet-driven flying machine.
IX. Make up sentences using the following models:
It was ... who ...
After (having done) … we (did)...
X. Translate into English the words given in brackets:
Radiо (зв’язок) is constantly carried on with the pilot during the flight.
At the beginning of the 20th century (людство) was shown the road to the stars.
Tsiolkovsky put forward the idea of building (штучний) satellites.
Only after having risen into the space, we understood how (безмежний) it was.
The necessity of (супутники) for interplanetary (польоти) is now recognized by all specialists.
The early works by Tsiolkovsky were followed by a number of very important works in the field of (космонавтикa).
Tsiolkovsky paid great attention to the importance of using (рідкий) fuel.
Such a problem as the (проект) of a space ship consisting of several rockets was dealt by him.
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